Çankırı Yöresi Sığırlarında Toxoplasmosis'in Seroprevalansı

Yıl 1999, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 61 - 72, 01.12.1999

Bengi Dündar

Öz

Bu çalışma, Çankırı İli'ne bağlı 12 köyde toplam 240 sığır serumu
üzerinde yapılmıştır.
Bu serumlar, Toxoplasma gondii antikorlarının araştırılması
amacıyla, Latex Aglütinasyon Test (LAT) ve Sabin-Feldman Test (SFT)
ile incelenmişlerdir .
Latex Aglütinasyon Test sonuçlarına göre; 0-1 yaş grubu 120
sığırın 16'sı (%13 . 3) pozitif bulunurken, 1 yaşın üzeri 120 sığırın 62'si
(%51.6) pozitif olarak tespit edilmiştir. LAT'de pozitifbulunan 78 adet
(%32.5) serumun dişi ve erkeklerde bulunma oranı da sırasıyla
%40.6 ve % 14.6 olarak saptanmıştır. LAT sero-pozitifliğinin titrelere
göre dağılımı; 1/64'de %41.0, 128'de %44.8, 1;256'da %10 . 2 ve
1/512'de %3.8 şeklinde olmuştur. Ayrıca 1/32 dilüsyonda 47 (% 19 . 5)
zayıf pozitiflik görülmüştür .
Aynı serumlarda SFT sonuçlarına göre; 0- 1 yaş grubunda 76
(%63.3) , 1 yaşın üzerindeki grupta ı04 (%86.6) sero-pozitivite tespit
edilmiştir. Toplam 180 (%75.0) pozitif olgunun dişi ve erkeklerde bulunma
oranı ise sırasıyla; %75.7 ve %73.3 olarak saptanmıştır. SFT
sero-pozitifliğinde titrelere göre dağılım; 1/16 titrede %37.2, 1/64 titrede
%47.2 ve 1/256 titrede %15.5 oranlarında gerçekleşmiştir.
LAT ve SFT arasındaki ilişkinin X² (Ki kare) ile yapılan istatistiksel
analizinde, iki test arasındaki fark önemli bulunmuştur
(p<0.05).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, Toxoplasma, Sığır, Çankırı, Seroprevalans, 1999

The Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis in Cattle of Çankırı Region.

Öz

This study was conducted in 12 villages representing the Çankırı
province and various parts of this province using totally 240 catt- .
le blood sera.
These blood sera were examined with respect to the detection of
the antibodies against T.gondii using Latex Agglutination Test (LAT)
and Sabin-Feldman Test (SFT).
According to the LAT results; ı6 of the ı20 cattle in 0-1 age group
13.3% were found to be sero-positive while 62 of the 120 cattle in
1 year old or older age group 51.6% were found to be sero-positive.
The rate of positivity in females was 40.6% while this rate was
14 . 6% in males. The distribution of the sero-positivity in LAT with regards
to the titers was 41.0% at ı/64 dilution, 44.8% at 1/128 dilution,
10.2% at 1/256 dilution and 3.8% at 1;512 dilution.
According to the SFT results of the same blood sera sero-positivity
was determined in 76 cattle (63 .3%) in 0-1 age group and ıo4
cattle (86.6%) in 1 year old or older age group. The rate of sero-positivity
in females was 75.7% and 73.3% in males, total 180 (75 .0%) sero-
positive cases. The distribution of the sero-positivity in SFT wi.th
regards to the titers was 37.2% at 1 /16 dilution, 47.2% at 1 /64 dilution
and 15 . 5% at 1/256 dilution.
According to the xz Test used for the statistical analysis, the
differences between LAT and SFT results were statistically significant
(p<0.05).

Kaynakça

• AKÇAY S, PAMUKÇU M, BARAN S (1950). Bir köpekte ilk Toxoplasma observasyonu. Türk Vet Hek Dem Derg, 47, 245.
• ALTINTAŞ K (1977). Haralarımız sıgırlarında serolajik yöntemlerle toxoplasmosis araştırması. Ank Mikrobiol Bült, 11, 2, 189.
• ARIAS ML, REYES L, CHINCHILLA M, LINDER E (1994) . Seroepidemiology ofToxoplasma gondii (Apicomplexa) in meat producing animalsin Costa Rica. Revista Bio Trop, 42, 1-2, 15-20.
• ARIAS ML, CHINCHILLA M, REYES L, SABAH J, GUERRERO OM (1994). Determination ofToxoplasma gondii in several organs of cattle by carbon immunoassay (CIA) testing. Vet Parasitol, 55, 133- 136.
• AVEZZA F, GREPPI G, AGOSTI M, BELLOLI A, FAVERZANI S (1993). Bovine toxoplasmosis: results of a' serological survey. Attl della societa Italiana di Buiatria, 25, 621-624.
• BEKELE T, KASALI OB (1989). Toxoplasmosis in sheep, goats and cattle in central Ethiopia. Vet Res Commun, 13, 5, 371-375.
• DUBEY JP (1992). Isolation ofToxoplasma gondii from anaturally infected beef cow. J Parasitol 78,1 , 151-153.
• DUBEY JP, BEATTIE CP (1988). Toxoplasmosis of animals and man. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp.l07-115.
• EKMEN H (1968).Toxoplasmosiste enfeksiyon kaynakları . Mikrobiol bült,213,93.
• EKMEN H, ALTINTAŞ K (1973).Bir köpekten Toxoplasma gondii izolmanı. Türk Hijyen ve Tecrubi Biyoloji Dergisi 33, 1, 17.
• EREN H, BABÜR C, ERDAL N, SERT H (1997). Ankara ve Aydın yöresi sıgırlarında Sabin-Feldman testi ile Toxoplasma gondii'nin prevalansı. Türk Hij Den Biyol Derg, 54-55, 1-2, 31-34.
• FORTIER B, ALMEIDA E-de, PINTO 1, AJANA F, CAMUS D (1990). Prevalence of porcine and bovine toxoplasmosis in Porto. Medecine et Maladies Infectieuses, 20,11,551-554.
• FU B, ZHAO YQ, YANG BJ, HAN GD, SHAO QF, LI JM, ZHANG YL, WANG ZM, SUN DJ, YU GZ (1995). Epidemiological investigations on toxoplasmosis in Shandong province. Chinese J Parasit Dis Cont, 8, 3, 205-207.
• GARCIA-VAZQUEZ Z, ROSARIO-CRUZ R, DIAZ-GARCIA G, HERNANDEZ-BAUMGARTEN O (1993). Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in cattle, swine and goats in four Mexican states. Prevent Vet Med, 17 , 1-2. 127-132.
• GRANT GH, MC GINNIS B (1988) . The sero-prevalence of Toxoplasma antibodies in human and selected livestock species in Jamaica. W lndian Med J , 37, Supplement, 22-23.
• HASHEMI-FESHARK.I R (1996). Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in cattle, sheep and goats in Iran. Vet Parasitol, 61 , 1-3 .
• HEJLICEK K, LITERAK I (1992).0ccurrence of toxoplasmosis and its prevalence in cattle in the South Bohemian Region. Acta Vet Brno, 61. 195-206.
• HOGHOOGHI-Rad N, AFRAA M (1993). Prevalence of toxoplasmosis in humans and domestic animals in Ahwaz, capital of Khoozestan Province, south west Iran. J Trop Med Hyg, 96, 3, 163- 168.
• HUANG DS (ı99l). An investigation oftoxoplasmosis in domestic animalsin Yunnan Province. Chinese J Vet Sci Tech, 21, 1. 25-26.
• KOBAYASHI A, HIRAI N, SUZUKI Y, NISHIKAWA H, WATANABE N (1977). Evaluation of a commercial Toxoplasma latex agglutination test. Jap J Parasit, 26,175-180.
• KRITSEPI-KONSTANTINOU M (1992). Serological survey of cattle for toxoplasmosis. Bull Hellenic Vet Med Soc. 43, 1. 48-52.
• KÜÇÜKERDEN N ( 1994) . Elazığ ve yöresi sığırlarında Toxoplasma gondii'nin yayılışı üzerine araştırmalar. F İ Sağlık Bil Derg, 8, 2, 62-65.
• MARANA ERM, NAVARRO IT, VIDOTTO O, FREIRE RL, LOTT R (ı994). Antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii in beef cattle slaughtered in the north of Parana, Brazil. Semina Londrina, 15,1, 38-39.
• MARTINEZ-GOMEZ F, IXTA-RODRIGEZ O, CANTUN-COJ H-de-los A (1992). Prevalence of antibodies against Toxoplasma in the state of Tabasco, Mexico. Vet Mexico, 23, 337-338.
• MEDREA V, CONSTANTINESCU V (199) . Investigations on the diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection in cattle and sh e ep in Romania. Monatshefte fur Veterinarmedizin, 46, 13, 467-468.
• OWEN MR, CLARKSON MJ, TREES AJ (1998) . Diagnosis of Toxoplasma abortion in ewes by polymerase chain reaction. Vet Rec, 142 , 445-448.
• ÖZ i, ÖZYER M, ÇORAK R (ı995) . Adana yöresi sığır, koyun ve keçilerinde ELISA ve IHA testleri ile toxoplasmosis'in yaygınlığının araştırılması. Etlik Vet Mikrob Derg, 8, 1 . 87-99.
• RODRIGUES A-MR, REYES L, CHINCHILLA M (1990) . Serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii infection in cattle in Costa Rica. Ciencias Veterinarias Heredia, 12. 1, 17- 19.
• ROGER F, PRUNAUX O, GUIGNARD A (1991). Toxoplasmosis in cattle and goats on the Isiand of Reunion: results of a serological survey. Revue Med Vet, 142, 2, 143-146.
• SABIN A, FELDMAN HA (1948). Dyes as microchemical indicators of a new immunity phenomenon affecting a protozoan parasite (Toxoplasma). Science, 108. 660-663.
• SAMAD MA, CHHABRA MB, GAUTAM OP (1982) . Note on the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in cattle in Bangladesh. Indian J Anim Sci, 52, 601-603 . SAMAD MA, RAHMAN KB, HALDER AK (1993). Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in domestic ruminants in Bangladesh. Vet Parasitol, 47, 157-159 .
• SARNIÇ H (1976). Toxoplasma gondii antikarlarının araştırılması. Dicle Üniv Tıp Fak Derg, 5, 565-585.
• SHEN L, ZHICHUNG L, BIAUCHENG Z, HUAYUAN Y (1990). Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in man and aniınals in Guangdong, peoples Republic of China. Vet Parasitol, 34, 357-360.
• SHKAP V, PIPANO E, MARCUS S, RAPOPORT E (1992). The prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in sheep and cattle in lsrael. lsrael J Vet Med, 47, 3, 100-102.
• SKJERVE E, THARALDSEN J, WALDELAND H, KAPPERUD G, NESBAKKEN T (ı996). Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in Norwegian slaughtered sheep, pigs and cattle. Bull Sean Sac Parasitol, 6,1. 11-17.
• SPOSITO-FILHA E, AMARAL V, MACRUZ R, BARCI LAG, REBOUCAS MM, SANTOS SM, RINALD CAS (1988). Toxoplasma gondii in cattle: isolation of the parasite from retina and diaphragm of animals slaughtered at abattoir in the State of Sao Paulo-BraziL Arq Inst Bio Sao Paulo, 55,1-4, 43-47.
• TAINTURIER D, FRANC M, DORCHIES P, LAHITTE JDde ( 1980). Toxoplasmosis and reproductive disorders in ruminan ts and sows. Revue Med Vet,131,3, 223-226, 231-235.
• VAN KNAPEN F, KREMERS AFT, FRANCHIMONT JH, NARUCKA U (1995). Prevalence ofantibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in cattle and swine in the Netherlands: towards an integrated control of livestock production. Vet Quarterly, 17, 3, 87-91.
• WElLAND G, DALCHOW W (1970). Toxoplasmosis in domestic animals in Turkey. Serological Investigation, Berl Münch Tierarztl Wschr, 83, 65-68.
• ZAKI M (1995). Seroprevalence ofToxoplasma gondii in domestic animals in Pakistan. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 45, 1 , 4-5.