THE IMPACT OF INVESTMENT IN RENEWABLE ENERGY ON TRADE RELATIONS UNDER THE EUROPEAN UNION'S GREEN DEAL

Öz

Abstract The Green Deal, announced in 2019, stands out as a transformative policy shift within the European Union’s sustainable development goals, aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to net zero by 2050. Investments in renewable energy under this framework have multifaceted and profound impacts on trade relations. Primarily, these investments contribute to diversifying trade and reshaping the energy trade profile by reducing dependency on energy imports. The renewable energy sector, bolstered by growing demand for environmentally friendly products, expands “green trade” opportunities and strengthens international commercial relations. Global policies aimed at lowering carbon footprints impose restrictions on trade in high-emission products, while creating new export markets for countries investing in renewable energy technologies. In this context, increasing investments in renewable energy sources, reducing dependency on fossil fuels, and decarbonizing the energy sector have initiated significant restructuring in trade relations between EU member states and third countries. The aim of this study is to examine the economic and trade impacts of the EU's investments in renewable energy within the framework of the Green Deal on member states and global trade partners. Accordingly, the study seeks to evaluate the role of elements such as energy security, trade balance, and carbon regulations in the EU's trade relations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• European Union
• Trade Relations
• Renewable Energy
• Green Deal

AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ'NİN YEŞİL ANLAŞMASI KAPSAMINDA YENİLENEBİLİR ENERJİYE YATIRIMIN TİCARET İLİŞKİLERİNE ETKİSİ

Öz

Öz 2019 yılında ilan edilen Yeşil Anlaşma, Avrupa Birliği’nin sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedefleri doğrultusunda sera gazı emisyonlarını 2050 yılına kadar sıfırlamayı amaçlayan köklü bir politika değişikliği olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu kapsamda yenilenebilir enerjiye yapılan yatırımlar, ticaret ilişkileri üzerinde çok yönlü ve derinlemesine etkiler yaratmaktadır. Öncelikle, bu yatırımlar enerji ithalatına olan bağımlılığı azaltarak ticaretin çeşitlenmesine katkıda bulunmakta ve enerji ticareti profilini değiştirmektedir. Yenilenebilir enerji sektörü, çevre dostu ürünlere olan talebin artmasıyla birlikte "yeşil ticaret" fırsatlarını genişleterek ülkeler arası ticari ilişkileri güçlendirmektedir. Karbon ayak izini düşürmeye yönelik küresel politikalar, karbon emisyonu yüksek ürünlerin ticaretine sınırlamalar getirirken, yenilenebilir enerji teknolojilerine yatırım yapan ülkeler için ise yeni ihracat pazarları yaratmaktadır. Bu bağlamda yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına yapılan yatırımların artırılması, fosil yakıtlara olan bağımlılığın azaltılması ve enerji sektörünün karbonsuzlaştırılması stratejileri, AB üyesi ülkeler ile üçüncü ülkeler arasındaki ticaret ilişkilerinde önemli bir yeniden yapılanmayı tetiklemiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, AB'nin Yeşil Anlaşma çerçevesinde yenilenebilir enerjiye yaptığı yatırımların, üye ülkeler ve küresel ticaret ortakları üzerindeki ekonomik ve ticari etkilerini incelemektir. Bu bağlamda, çalışma, enerji güvenliği, ticaret dengesi ve karbon düzenlemeleri gibi unsurların AB'nin ticaret ilişkilerindeki rolünü değerlendirmeyi hedeflemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Avrupa Birliği
• Ticaret İlişkileri
• Yenilenebilir Enerji
• Yeşil Anlaşma

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