BITCOIN'İN YAPISI VE YASA DIŞI KULLANIMI

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 4, 165 - 190, 30.12.2018

Mahmut Yardımcıoğlu , Gamze Şerbetçi

Öz

Bitcoin'i icat
eden kişi önceleri Satoshi Nakamoto takma ismi ile bilinirken, 2016 yılında
Avustralyalı iş adamı Craig Wright'ın Bitcoin'i bulan kişi olduğunu açıklaması
sonucu mucidinin gerçek kimliği ortaya çıkmıştır.

Bitcoin, eşler
arası teknoloji kullanılarak merkez otorite ya da banka olmadan diğer
banknotlar gibi günlük hayatta yapılan parasal işlemlerde kullanılan dijital
para birimidir. Yapılan işlemler Bitcoin ağının kontrolünde olup tasarımı halka
açıktır ve hiç kimse tarafından kontrol edilememektedir. Bitcoin'le yapılan
harcamalar Bitcoin cüzdanı sağlayan mobil uygulama, bilgisayar yazılımı veya
hizmet sağlayıcı kullanılarak yapılmaktadır.

Bitcoin'in
herhangi bir merkezi otoriteye ya da bankaya bağlı olmamasıyla birlikte
yapılacak olan alışverişlerde aracı sitelerden satın alınan Bitcoin'lerin direk
Bitcoin cüzdanına gönderilmesi ve buradan doğrudan satıcının cüzdanına
aktarılması sebebiyle alıcı ve satıcının takip edilememesinden Bitcoin deep web,
kara para aklama ve kayıt dışı ekonomi gibi yasa dışı kullanıma müsaittir.

Ayrıca Bitcoin
arzının 21 milyonu geçemeyecek olması ve yasal yollarda kullanılmamasından
dolayı çökme riski ile karşı karşıyadır. Bu sebeple İsviçre'nin en büyük
bankaları UBS ve Deutsche Bank, Santander ve Bank of New York Mellon yeni bir
dijital para üzerinde çalışmaktadır ve 2018 yılında kullanıma sunmayı
planlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bitcoin, Deep Web, Kara Para Aklama, Kayıt Dışı Ekonomi

Kaynakça

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