Sociocultural Adaptation in Immigrant University Students and Its Association with Health-Promoting and Risk Behaviors: A Public Health Perspective

Öz

Migration can be defined as the movement of people from one place to another for various reasons, including economic, social, political, educational, or security-related factors. The causes of migration have taken many different forms throughout history. Over the past 15 years, migrants and migration have become increasingly significant issues for Turkey. Although Turkey has long been a home to diverse cultures, it has faced greater challenges in recent years due to the new cultural dynamics that migration brings with it. Migration leads to various changes both in the host country and in the migrants themselves. Being able to adapt to the culture of the host country can ease economic, social, and psychological burdens, ultimately improving the quality of life for migrants. At the same time, greater adaptation to the host country may also facilitate access to risk-taking behaviors. The aim of this review is to examine the relationship between sociocultural adaptation and health-promoting versus risk behaviors among immigrant university students from a public health perspective. To this end, current national and international literature was reviewed in detail using Google Scholar, Medline, and PubMed databases, and several evidence-based recommendations are offered to support the sociocultural adaptation of migrants.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Health promotion behaviors
• international students
• migrant students
• risk-taking behaviours
• sociocultural adaptation

Göçmen Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Sosyokültürel Uyumun Sağlığı Geliştirici ve Riskli Davranışlarla İlişkisi: Halk Sağlığı Perspektifinden Bir Değerlendirme

Öz

Göç, çeşitli ekonomik, sosyal, siyasal, eğitimsel veya güvenlik gibi nedenlerle insanların yaşadıkları yerden başka bir yere geçiş yapması olarak tanımlanabilir. Göçün sebepleri yüzyıllardır farklı olgular olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Göçmenler ve göç meselesi son 15 yılda Türkiye için büyük önem arz etmektedir. Türkiye, tarih boyunca farklı kültürlere ev sahipliği yapmış olsa da, son zamanlarda göçün getirdiği yeni kültürel dinamiklerle karşılaşması sebebiyle daha fazla etkilenmiştir. Göç hem göç edilen ülke üzerinde hem de göçmen bireyler üzerinde çeşitli değişimlere neden olur. Göç edilen ülkenin kültürüne uyum sağlayabilme, ekonomik, sosyal ve psikolojik yüklerin azalmasına sebep olabilir, bu durum göçmenin hayat kalitesini artırır. Ama aynı zamanda göç edilen ülkeye olan uyum arttıkça riskli davranış etmenlerine ulaşım konusunda daha kolaylaşabilir. Bu derlemenin amacı göçmen üniversite öğrencilerinde sosyokültürel uyumun sağlığı geliştirici ve riskli davranışlarla ilişkisini halk sağlığı perspektifinden incelemektir. Bu kapsamda Google Scholar, Medline ve PubMed veri tabanları kullanılarak güncel ulusal ve uluslararası literatür ayrıntılı biçimde değerlendirilmiş; göçmenlerin sosyokültürel uyum süreçlerinin desteklenmesine yönelik literatür temelli çeşitli öneriler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Göçmen öğrenciler
• riskli davranışlar
• sağlığı geliştirme davranışları
• sosyokültürel uyum
• uluslararası öğrenciler

Kaynakça

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