Kuzey Kıbrıs’ta Süregelen Cinsiyetlendirilmiş Ebeveynlik

Öz

Bu çalışma, erken ve okulöncesi yaşta çocuğu bulunan ana babaların çocuk yetiştirme ile ilgili olarak geniş aileden aldıkları destek, babanın ücretsiz bakım emeği, annenin çalışma statüsü, sosyal bağlar, kültürel değerler, sosyoekonomik durum ve akrabalık ilişkilerinin rolünü feminist bakış açısıyla incelemektedir. Veri toplama aracı olarak Demografik Bilgiler Formu, Baba Katılım Ölçeği, Geniş Aile Desteği Ölçeği, Çocuk Günlüğü Testi ve Sürekli Kaygı Envanterinden oluşan bir soru kâğıdı kullanılmıştır. Araştırma grubu, yaşları 12 ile 60 ay arasında değişen toplam 397 çocuğun annelerinden oluşmaktadır. Annelerin 318’i ücret karşılığı bir işte çalışmakta, 79’u ise ücret karşılığı herhangi bir işte çalışmamaktadır. Çocukların ortalama yaşı 36.0 aydır. Ailelerin tamamı çekirdek aile olarak yaşamlarını sürdürmekte, %17.9’u amalgam aile yapısı içerisinde anne ve babalarının yaşadığı bir binada ve %3.8’i ise geniş aile yapısı içerisinde aynı evde oturmaktadırlar. Araştırmaya katılan annelerin %71.9’u geniş aileden destek aldıklarını ifade etmişlerdir. Ücret karşılığı çalışan anneler grubuna dahil çocukların yarısında (%51.6), çocuklar en az iki yaşına gelene kadar, gün içi bakımlarının büyükanneleri tarafından yapıldığı görülmüştür. Öte yandan, babaların ücretsiz ev emeği paylaşımlarının ve çocuk bakımı sorumluluklarının sınırlı olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Araştırma bulguları Kuzey Kıbrıs’ta sosyal çevrenin çocuk bakım yöntemi olarak aile içi bakımı desteklediğini göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, Kuzey Kıbrıs örnekleminde, kadına yüklenen çocuk yetiştirme rolü, büyükanneler aracılıyla da devam etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• cinsiyetlendirilmiş ebeveynlik
• ücretsiz bakım emeği
• çocuk gelişimi
• baba katılımı
• geniş aile desteği

The ongoing gendered parenting in North Cyprus

Öz

This study examines the role of extended family support for parents with
children in early and pre-school age, father’s unpaid care work, mother’s
employment status, social ties, cultural values, socioeconomic status, and
kinship relations from a feminist perspective. A questionnaire composed of a
Demographic Information Form, Father Involvement Scale, Extended Family
Support Scale, Child’s Day Test, and Trait Anxiety Inventory was used for
data collection. The research sample consisted of mothers of 397 children who
were aged between 12 and 60 months. A total of 318 mothers were employed
in a paid job while 79 were not employed in a paid job. The average age of
the children was 36.0 months. It was observed that while all the families live
as nuclear families, 17.9% of them lived in a building where their mothers
and fathers live as an amalgam family structure (nuclear family living very
close to the extended family, for example in the same building but in separate
flats), and 3.8% lived in the same house as an extended family structure. The
overall percentage of mothers who stated that they receive extended family
support was 71.9%. The study also showed that half of the children (51.6%)
of the employed mothers were cared for by their grandmothers during the
day at least until the children reached two years of age. Furthermore, it was
found that fathers’ involvement was limited both in housework and childcare
responsibilities. Research findings showed that the social environment in
North Cyprus supports familial care as a childcare method. In conclusion, in
the North Cyprus sample, the gendered child-rearing role attributed to women
continues in the status of grandmothers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• gendered parenting
• unpaid care work
• extended family support
• father involvement
• child development

Kaynakça

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