Granada’da Yaşayan Roman (Gitanolar) Nüfusu Üzerine Sosyolojik Bir Araştırma

Öz

GranadaÖzBu çalışma, Roman (Gitano) kimliğinin gelenekler aracılığıyla nasıl inşa edildiğini ve sürdürüldüğünü ve toplumsal dönüşümlerin etkisi altında nasıl evrildiğini incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden etnografik yaklaşım kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen bu çalışma, İspanya’nın Granada kentinde yaşayan Roman (Gitano) topluluğunun ortak kültürel unsurları, toplumsal örgütlenme modelleri ve inanç sistemleri gibi etnografik özellikleri üzerine odaklanmıştır. On beş katılımcı, Roman (Gitano) kimliğine ve İspanyol vatandaşlığına sahip olup Granada ’da en az bir yıl ikamet eden bireyler arasından, kartopu örnekleme tekniği kullanılarak veri doygunluğuna ulaşılıncaya kadar seçilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi tekniği kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda, Kültürel Nitelikler ve Gelenekler, Kimlik ve Kültürel Özsaygı, Ayrımcılık ve Önyargılar ile Gelecek Algısı ve Beklentiler olmak üzere dört ana tema ortaya çıkmıştır. Bulgularda, güçlü aile bağlarının, büyüklere saygı göstermenin, iç evlilik (endogami) veya yas tutma gelenekleri gibi farklı kültürel uygulamaların halen varlığını sürdürdüğü; ayrıca cinsiyet rollerinin dönüştüğü ve eğitime katılımın arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra, sosyal etkileşimlerde ve kimlik ifadelerinde ayrımcılık deneyimlerinin de yaşandığı görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada, Roman (Gitano) kimliğinin, gelenek ile uyum süreçlerini dengeleyen kültürel uygulamalar aracılığıyla sürdürüldüğü sonucuna ulaşılmış; ayrıca, Romanların (Gitano) desteklenmesi amacıyla kamuoyunun farkındalığının artırılması ve önyargıların giderilmesinin gerektiği vurgulanmıştır. Bu araştırma, Granada kentindeki Roman (Gitano) nüfusunu derinlemesine inceleyerek çalışmanın önemini artırmış ve etnografi ile kültürel çalışmalar alanlarına önemli bir katkı sunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Roman
• Gitano
• kimlik
• kültür
• Granada

A Sociological Study of the Roma (Gitano) Population Living in Granada

Öz

This study aims to explore how Roma (Gitano) identity is constructed and maintained through traditions and how it evolves under social changes. By employing an ethnographic approach, the research focuses on the ethnographic characteristics of the Roma (Gitano) community living in Granada, Spain, including common cultural elements, social organization models, and belief systems. Participants were selected using snowball sampling based on predefined inclusion criteria requiring Roma (Gitano) identity, Spanish citizenship, and a minimum of one year of residence in Granada. Data collection continued until saturation was reached, resulting in a final sample consisted of fifteen participants. Upon using content analysis techniques, four central themes emerged: Cultural Characteristics and Traditions, Identity and Cultural Pride, Discrimination and Stereotypes, and Perception of the Future and Expectations. The findings reveal that strong family bonds, respect for elders, and other cultural practices such as endogamy or mourning traditions continue to persist. At the same time, gender roles evolve, and educational participation increases. Participants also reported widespread experiences of discrimination that influence their social interactions and identity expressions. This study concludes that Roma (Gitano) identity is maintained through dynamic cultural practices that balance tradition with adaptation. Research findings underscore the need for increased public awareness to dismantle stereotypes and support the Roma (Gitano) identity. This study makes a considerable contribution to the fields of ethnography and cultural studies through an in-depth analysis of the Roma (Gitano) community residing in Granada.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Roma
• Gitano
• identity
• culture
• Granada

Etik Beyan

Research and publication ethics statement: The authors affirm that this article has not been submitted to, nor published in, any other journal before, and ethical standards were adhered to throughout the research. Authors’ contributions: First Author (60%), Second Author (40%). Ethics committee approval: Ethics approval for this study was obtained from the Akdeniz University Rectorate, Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee for Social and Human Sciences (Approval No: 1158678, Decision No. 115, dated 06/03/2025). Financial support: No funding was received for this study. Conflict of interest: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest associated with the research, authorship, or publication of this manuscript. Declaration of AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process: No artificial intelligence-based tools or applications were used in the preparation of this study. All content of the study was produced by the author(s) in accordance with scientific research methods and academic ethical principles.

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