Orhan Pamuk’un Hafızasında Bir Melankoli Kaynağı: İstanbul

Öz

The focus of the article is the construction of the city image in Orhan Pamuk’s

memory. The essence of the image of İstanbul in İstanbul Memories and the

City appears to be a profound sense of melancholy, which gives way to an

equally deep sense of happiness that, Pamuk opines, few other cities could

possess. The article then investigates Pamuk’s sources of inspiration in creating

İstanbul’s image which is loaded with melancholy. It is obvious that Pamuk’s

memories concerning İstanbul have been mainly but not exclusively- shaped

by four poets\writers to whom the author sincere expresses his gratitude in

the work. The first two are the Turkish authors, Yahya Kemal Beyatlı and

Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar, who themselves had been influenced by the other

two, Gerard de Nerval and Theophile Gautier. Gautier’s travel w r i t i n g s ,

which he later published under the title of Constantinople had a considerable

impact on Yahya Kemal Beyatlı and Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar, both of whom

developed a different and indigenous İstanbul image for its inhabitants. What

makes this city image different and original is the combination of the beautiful with the bizarre, the miserable and the sordid which brings about a sense

of prevailing melancholy rising over the ruins of a collapsed empire. While

following the footsteps of his literary predecessors, Pamuk also renders an

early autobiography which is interwoven into the cultural, socio-political, and

environmental, changes that took place in Istanbul in the twentieth century.

The theoretical framework of the article is based on the views of Freud,

Kristeva, and Peter Schwenger.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Orhan Pamuk,Istanbul,the city,memory

Kaynakça

1. Chevalier, J. and A. Gheerbrant (1996) The penguin dictionary of symbols. Trans. J. B. Brown. London: Penguin.
2. Ebersolt, J. (1996) Bizans İstanbulu ve doğu seyyahları (Constantinople Byzantine et les voyageurs du levant). Trans. İ. Arda. İstanbul: Pera.
3. Işın, E. (2001) Everyday life in İstanbul. Trans. Virginia Taylor Saçlıoğlu. İstanbul: Yapı Kredi.
4. Kristeva, J. (1989) Black Sun: Depression and melancholia. Trans. Leon S. Roudiz. New York: Columbia University.
5. Michael, L. (2005) Black Dog: The history of an expression. 25 July 2013 Blackdoginstitute. org. 1-13., January. Web.
6. Nerval, G. de. (1974) Muhteşem İstanbul (Voyage en Orient). Trans. R. Özdek. İstanbul: Boğaziçi.
7. Pamuk, O. (2006) İstanbul memories and the city. Trans. M. Freely. London: Faber and Faber.
8. Schwenger, P. (2006) The tears of things: Melancholy and physical objects. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota.

9. Stokes, M. (2010) Three versions of beloved İstanbul. The Republic of love cultural intimacy in Turkish popular music. Chicago: The University of Chicago, 147-189.
10. Strachey, J., ed. (1957) On Transience. The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud: On the History of the Psycho-Analytic Movement, Papers on Metapsychology and Other Works. XIV (1914-1916): 303-309. London: The Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psychology.
11. Strachey, J., (1957) Mourning and Melancholia. The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud: On the History of the Psycho-Analytic Movement, Papers on Metapsychology and Other Works. XIV (1914-1916): 237-239. London: The Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psychology.