Argentinean Indigenous Culture in Animal Folktales

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 109, 169 - 182, 01.02.2022

Maria Ines Palleıro

https://doi.org/10.22559/folklor.2091

Öz

The history of Argentina as an independent nation began in 1816, although its
foundation by the Hispanic conquerors took place in the XVIth century. This
multicultural Latin American nation, located in the very south of the world,
combines ancient vernacular indigenous roots with European cultural heritage,
which arrived for the first time with the Hispanic conquest. The first foundation of
Buenos Aires, the capital of Argentina, by the Spanish conqueror Pedro de Mendoza
Argentina, took place in 1536. Nevertheless, indigenous people have been living in
the Argentinean territory since ancient times. When the Spanish conquerors settled
down in the country, they also bought African slaves, who obtained their freedom
in 1813. Since the late XIXth, Century Argentina received new waves of European
migration, mainly from Spain and Italy, but also from Asia, Africa, and from other
South American countries. All this blend of cultures contributed to tracing a multi-

ethnicalprofile of Argentina, mirrored in folk narrative texts and collections.

Animal tales are highly relevant expressions of Argentinian folk narrative since
they reflect such a blend of indigenous and European cultures.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Argentina folk tales, local culture, interculturality, acculturation, fairy tale and culture

Hayvan Halk Masallarında Arjantin Yerli Kültürü

Öz

Bağımsız bir ulus olarak Arjantin’in tarihi, 1816’da başlatılmaktaysa da İspanyol
fatihler tarafından kuruluşu XVI. Yüzyıla kadar uzanır. Dünyanın en güneyinde
yer alan bu çok kültürlü Latin Amerika ulusu, ilk kez Hispanik fethi ile gelen
Avrupa kültürel mirası ile eski yerel yerli köklerin birleştiği bir ülkedir. Arjantin'in
başkenti Buenos Aires'in ilk kuruluşu, İspanyol fatih Pedro de Mendoza Arjantin
tarafından 1536 yılında gerçekleşti. Bununla birlikte, yerli halk eski çağlardan
beri Arjantin topraklarında yaşamaktaydı. İspanyol fatihler ülkeye yerleştiğinde,
1813›te özgürlüklerini elde eden Afrikalı köleleri de satın aldılar. XIX. yüzyılın
sonlarından bu yana Arjantin, başta İspanya ve İtalya’dan, ayrıca Asya ve Afrika
ve Avrupa’dan ve diğer Güney Amerika ülkelerinden yeni göç dalgaları aldı.
Tüm bu kültür karışımı, halk anlatı metinlerinde ve koleksiyonlarında yansıtılan
Arjantin’in çok ırklı bir profilinin izini sürmeye katkıda bulunmuştur.
Arjantin halk anlatısı içindeki hayvan masalları, yerli ve Avrupa kültürlerinin
karışımını yansıttıkları için son derece ilginç veriler yansıtmaktadır. Makalede bu
anlatılardaki karma kültürel yapı, metin analiz yöntemleriyle saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

kültürleşme

Kaynakça

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