BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

“Wonder Woman for President!”: 2016 American Presidentıal Elections, Hillary Clinton and Feminist Future

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 80 - 94, 01.06.2017
https://doi.org/10.1501/Fe0001_0000000190

Öz

This study seeks to partake in the female-president debates through the overlapping of the feminist history of the Second Wave and the creation of Wonder Woman, which was presented first as the ideal prototype for a female president. In doing that it will elaborate on the affinity between the turth, which is the super power of Wonder Woman, and the feminist politics with a particular reference on one of the patriarcha’s worst tests on truth-telling, which is the Watergate Scandal. The presidential candidacy that Wonder Woman acquired in a fictional world was earned by Hillary Clinton in real life for the first time in history in 2016. For that reason, this paper will dwell on Hillary Clinton’s career expanding from being a lawyer to becoming the first female presidential candidate of a major party with significant focus on her attitude towards the truth and truth-telling. The reasons why her presidential campaign has failed bear lessons of utmost importance for the feminist future.

Kaynakça

  • Arendt, Hannah. ‘Lying in Politics: Reflections on the Pentagon Papers,’ The New York Review of Books, 18
  • Kasım 1971. http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/1971/nov18/lying-in-politics-reflections-onthepentagon-papers. Erişim tarihi: 17 Haziran 2017.
  • Arendt, Hannah. ‘Truth and Politcs,’ The New Yorker, 25 Şubat 1967.
  • http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1967/02/25/truth-and-politics. Erişim tarihi: 17 Haziran 2017.
  • Baier, Annette. ‘Trust and Antitrust,’ Diana Tietjiens Meyers (der.), Feminist Social Thought: A Reader. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 1997 içinde: 609-629.
  • Baker, Peter ve Chozik, Amy. ‘Hillary Clinton’s History as First Lady: Powerful but not Always Deft,’ New York
  • Times, 5 Aralık 2014. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/06/us/politics/hillary-clintons-history-as- first-lady-powerful-but-not-always-deft.html. Erişim tarihi: 20 Haziran 2017.
  • Beasley, M.H. First Ladies and the Press: The Unfinished Partnership of the Media Age. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 2005.
  • Bernstein, Carl. A Woman in Charge: The Life of Hillary Rodham Clinton. New York: Vintage Books, 2008.
  • Bok, Sissela. Lying: Moral Choice in Public and Private Life. New York: Pantheon Book, 1978.
  • Bok, Sissela. ‘Whistleblowing and Professional Responsibility,’ New York Education Quarterly, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 4, 1980: 2-10.
  • Bordo, Susan. ‘The Destruction of Hillary Clinton: Sexism, Sanders, and the Millennial Feminists,’ The Guardian, 3 Nisan 2017. http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/commentisfree/2017/apr/03/the- destructionof-hillary-clinton-sexism-sanders-and-the-millennial-feminists. Erişim tarihi: 27 Haziran 2017.
  • Bunn, Geoffrey C. ‘The Lie Detector, Wonder Woman and Liberty: The Life and Work of William Moulton Marston,’ History of the Human Sciences, 1997, Vol 10 No:91: 91-119.
  • Chamallas, Martha. ‘The Backlash Against Feminist Legal Theory,’ Superson ve Cudd (der.), Theorizing Backlash içinde: 67-86.
  • Cillizza, Chris. ‘5 Mistakes Hillary Clinton Made in Her Latest E-Mail Press Conference,’ The Washington Post, 19 Ağustos 2015, http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/Wp/2015/08/19/5-things-hillary -clinton-didwrong-in-her-nevada-e-mail-press-conference. Erişim tarihi: 27 Haziran 2017.
  • Cillizza, Chris. ‘Hillary Clinton’s Email Problems Might Be Even Worse Than We Thought,’ The Washington Post, 5 Temmuz 2016, http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/Wp/2016/07/05/hillary-clintons-e mail-problems-might-be-even-worse-than-we-thought/. Erişim tarihi: 27 Haziran 2017.
  • Clinton, Hillary Rodham. ‘Hillary Rodham Clinton: Legislation,’ U.S. Congress, 20 Ekim 2015, https://www.congress.gov/member/hillary-clinton/C001041. Erişim tarihi: 23 Haziran 2017.
  • Filipovic, Jill. ‘Melania and Ivanka’s Plastic Feminism Cover Up Trump’s Misogyny,’ CNN, 23 Şubat 2017. http://edition.cnn.com/2017/02/22/opinions/melania-and-ivankas-feminism-cover-up- opinion/index.html Erişim tarihi: 29 Haziran 2017.
  • Haberman, Maggie ve Chozick, Amy. ‘Hillary Clinton’s Long Road to ‘Sorry’ Over Email Use,’ The New York
  • Times, 15 Eylül 2015. http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/12/us/politics/hillary-clinton-email-secretary-ofstate.html. Erişim tarihi: 24 Haziran 2017.
  • Hartman, Joan E. ve Messer-Davidow, Ellen. ‘ “Who Wants to Know?” The Epistemological Value of Values,’ Naomi Scheman (der.), (En)Genderings: Constructions of Knowledge, Authority and Privilege. New York: Routledge, 1993 içinde: 205-225.
  • Horn Sheeler, Kristina ve Vasty Anderson, Karrin. Woman President: Confronting Postfeminist Political Culture. Texas: Texas A&M University Press, 2013.
  • Kerr, Sarah. ‘Wonder Woman: The Weird, True Story,’ The New York Review of Books, November 20, 2014, http://www.nybooks.com/articles/2014/11/20/wonder-woman-weird-true-story. Erişim tarihi: 14.06.2017
  • Klein, Joe. ‘Hillary’s Moment,’ Time, 16 Kasım 2009: 24-33.
  • Laugton, Rae. ‘Feminism in Epistemology: Exclusion and Objectification,’ Miranda Fricker ve Jennifer Hornsby (der.), Women, Knowledge, and Reality: Explorations in Feminist Philosophy. Cambridge Companion to Feminism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press içinde: 127-145.
  • Lepore, Jill. The Secret History of Wonder Woman. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2014.
  • Oles-Acevedo, Denise. ‘Fixing the Hillary Factor: Examining the Trajectory of Hillary Clinton’s Image Repair from Political Bumbler to Political Powerhouse,’ American Communication Journal 2012, Vol. 14 No: 1: 33- 47.
  • O’Harrow, Robert Jr. ‘How Clinton’s Email Scandal Took Root’ The Washington Post, 27 Mart 2016. https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/how-clintons-email-scandal-took-root/2016/03/27/ee301168- e162-11e5-846c-10191d1fc4ec_story.html?utm_term=.1160285d6162. Erişim tarihi: 12 Temmuz 2017.
  • ‘One Less Woman in Politics: Wonder Woman Loses Job as UN Ambassador,’ The Guardian, 13 Aralık 2016. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/dec/12/wonder-woman-un-ambassador-gender-equality. Erişim tarihi: 12 Temmuz 2017.
  • Overdeep, Meghan. ‘Hillary Clinton Says She Can Relate to Wonder Woman in Surprise Tribute to Elisabeth Banks,’ InStyle, 14 Haziran 2017. http://www.instyle.com/news/hillary-clinton-elizabeth-banks-crystal-lucyawards. Erişim tarihi: 30 Haziran 2017.
  • Parry-Giles, Shawn J. Hillary Clinton in the News: Gender and Authenticity in American Politics. Urbana, Chicago and Springfield: University of Illinois Press, 2014.
  • Pitkethly, Clare. ‘Wonder Woman,’ Duncan, Randy ve Smith, Matthew J. (der.), Icons of the American Comic Book: From Captain America to Wonder Woman. California: ABC-CLIO-LLC, 2013 içinde: 824-835.
  • Rappeport, Alan. ‘Gloria Steinem and Madeleine Albright Scold Young Women Backing Bernie Sanders,’ The New York Times, 7 Şubat 2016 https://mobile.nytimes.com/2016/02/08/us/politics/gloria-steinem-madeleinealbright-hillary-clinton-bernie-snaders.html. Erişim tarihi: 25 Haziran 2017.
  • Safire, William. ‘On Language; Shoulda-Coulda-Woulda,’ The New York Times, 15 Mayıs 1994. http://www.nytimes.com/1994/05/15/magazine/on-langauge-shoulda-coulda-woulda.html. Erişim tarihi: 25 Haziran 2017.
  • Siede, Caroline. ‘To Find Hillary Clinton Likable, We Must Learn to View Women as Complex Beings,’ BoingBoing, 15 Eylül 2016. http://boingboing.net/2016/09/15/to-find-hillary-clinton-likable.html. Erişim tarihi: 27 Haziran 2017.
  • Steinem, Gloria. ‘For Feminism, A Clinton Win Would ‘Be Helpful’ but ‘Only One Step,’ ‘ NPR, 21 Ekim 2016. http://www.npr.org/2016/10/21/498736729/steinem-for-feminism-a-clinton-win-would-be-helpful-but-only-onestep. Erişim tarihi: 12 Temmuz 2017.
  • Stout, David. ‘The Wall Street Bail Out Plan, Explained,’ The New York Times, 21 Eylül 2008. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/21/business/21panda.html. Erişim tarihi: 24 Haziran 2017.
  • Superson, Anita M. ve Cudd, Ann E. Theorizing Backlash: Philosophical Reflections on the Resistance to Feminism. New York and Oxford: Rowman&Littlefield, 2002.
  • Taylor, Adam. ‘Sweden’s ‘feminist’ government criticized for wearing headscarves in Iran,’ The Washington Post, 13 Şubat, 2017. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2017/02/13/swedensfeministgovernment-criticized-for-wearing-headscarves-in-iran/?utm_term=.c6cef2abd66e. Erişimi tarihi: 12 Temmuz 2017.
  • ‘This One Moment Changed Hillary Clinton’s ‘08 Campaign’,’ CNN, 20 Nisan 2015. http://www.cnn.com/2015/04/20/poltics/hillary-clinton-new-hampshire/index.html. Erişim tarihi: 26 Haziran 2017.
  • ‘UN Drops Wonder Woman as an Ambassador,’ New York Times, 14 Aralık 2016 https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/13/world/un-wonder-woman-campaign.html.
  • ‘What Did Hillary Clinton Tell the Families of People Who Lost Their Lives in Benghzi?,’ PolitiFact, 9 Şubat 2016, http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/article/2016/feb/09/what-did-hillary-clinton-tell-familiespeople-who-/. Erişim tarihi: 27 Haziran 2017.
  • ‘Wonder Woman. A Bird, But Not a Plane: strange Roots of an American Icon,’ The Economist, 2014 http://www.Economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21634989-strage-roots-american-icon-bird-not-plane. Erişim tarihi: 29.11.2014

“Başkanlık için Wonder Woman!”: 2016 Amerikan Başkanlık Seçimleri, Hillary Clinton ve Feminist Gelecek

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 80 - 94, 01.06.2017
https://doi.org/10.1501/Fe0001_0000000190

Öz

Bu çalışma, Amerikan siyasetindeki kadın başkan tartışmalarını, ilk ideal kadın başkan prototipi olarak sunulan çizgi roman kahramanı Wonder Woman’ın ortaya çıkış hikayesi ile feminizm tarihinin kesiştiği noktalar ekseninde, özellikle ikinci dalga feminist hareket bağlamında ele almaktır. Bunu yaparken Wonder Woman’ın süper gücü olan hakikat ile feminist siyaset arasındaki ilişkiyi, ikinci dalga sürecinde patriyarkal siyasetin hakikatle verdiği en kötü sınavlardan biri olan Watergate Skandalı’nı da dahil ederek inceleyecektir. Wonder Woman’ın bir çizgi roman kahramanı olarak elde ettiği kurgusal adaylığa gerçek hayatta 2016 seçimlerinde ilk defa Hillary Clinton erişmiştir. Bu nedenle, öncelikle hakikate karşı tutumuna referansla, Clinton’ın avukatlıktan başkanlık adaylığına uzanan kariyeri feminist siyaset bağlamında ele alınacak, başkanlık kampanyasının başarısız olma sebepleri feminist gelecek için siyasal dersler çıkarmak amacıyla tartışılacaktır

Kaynakça

  • Arendt, Hannah. ‘Lying in Politics: Reflections on the Pentagon Papers,’ The New York Review of Books, 18
  • Kasım 1971. http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/1971/nov18/lying-in-politics-reflections-onthepentagon-papers. Erişim tarihi: 17 Haziran 2017.
  • Arendt, Hannah. ‘Truth and Politcs,’ The New Yorker, 25 Şubat 1967.
  • http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1967/02/25/truth-and-politics. Erişim tarihi: 17 Haziran 2017.
  • Baier, Annette. ‘Trust and Antitrust,’ Diana Tietjiens Meyers (der.), Feminist Social Thought: A Reader. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 1997 içinde: 609-629.
  • Baker, Peter ve Chozik, Amy. ‘Hillary Clinton’s History as First Lady: Powerful but not Always Deft,’ New York
  • Times, 5 Aralık 2014. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/06/us/politics/hillary-clintons-history-as- first-lady-powerful-but-not-always-deft.html. Erişim tarihi: 20 Haziran 2017.
  • Beasley, M.H. First Ladies and the Press: The Unfinished Partnership of the Media Age. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 2005.
  • Bernstein, Carl. A Woman in Charge: The Life of Hillary Rodham Clinton. New York: Vintage Books, 2008.
  • Bok, Sissela. Lying: Moral Choice in Public and Private Life. New York: Pantheon Book, 1978.
  • Bok, Sissela. ‘Whistleblowing and Professional Responsibility,’ New York Education Quarterly, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 4, 1980: 2-10.
  • Bordo, Susan. ‘The Destruction of Hillary Clinton: Sexism, Sanders, and the Millennial Feminists,’ The Guardian, 3 Nisan 2017. http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/commentisfree/2017/apr/03/the- destructionof-hillary-clinton-sexism-sanders-and-the-millennial-feminists. Erişim tarihi: 27 Haziran 2017.
  • Bunn, Geoffrey C. ‘The Lie Detector, Wonder Woman and Liberty: The Life and Work of William Moulton Marston,’ History of the Human Sciences, 1997, Vol 10 No:91: 91-119.
  • Chamallas, Martha. ‘The Backlash Against Feminist Legal Theory,’ Superson ve Cudd (der.), Theorizing Backlash içinde: 67-86.
  • Cillizza, Chris. ‘5 Mistakes Hillary Clinton Made in Her Latest E-Mail Press Conference,’ The Washington Post, 19 Ağustos 2015, http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/Wp/2015/08/19/5-things-hillary -clinton-didwrong-in-her-nevada-e-mail-press-conference. Erişim tarihi: 27 Haziran 2017.
  • Cillizza, Chris. ‘Hillary Clinton’s Email Problems Might Be Even Worse Than We Thought,’ The Washington Post, 5 Temmuz 2016, http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/Wp/2016/07/05/hillary-clintons-e mail-problems-might-be-even-worse-than-we-thought/. Erişim tarihi: 27 Haziran 2017.
  • Clinton, Hillary Rodham. ‘Hillary Rodham Clinton: Legislation,’ U.S. Congress, 20 Ekim 2015, https://www.congress.gov/member/hillary-clinton/C001041. Erişim tarihi: 23 Haziran 2017.
  • Filipovic, Jill. ‘Melania and Ivanka’s Plastic Feminism Cover Up Trump’s Misogyny,’ CNN, 23 Şubat 2017. http://edition.cnn.com/2017/02/22/opinions/melania-and-ivankas-feminism-cover-up- opinion/index.html Erişim tarihi: 29 Haziran 2017.
  • Haberman, Maggie ve Chozick, Amy. ‘Hillary Clinton’s Long Road to ‘Sorry’ Over Email Use,’ The New York
  • Times, 15 Eylül 2015. http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/12/us/politics/hillary-clinton-email-secretary-ofstate.html. Erişim tarihi: 24 Haziran 2017.
  • Hartman, Joan E. ve Messer-Davidow, Ellen. ‘ “Who Wants to Know?” The Epistemological Value of Values,’ Naomi Scheman (der.), (En)Genderings: Constructions of Knowledge, Authority and Privilege. New York: Routledge, 1993 içinde: 205-225.
  • Horn Sheeler, Kristina ve Vasty Anderson, Karrin. Woman President: Confronting Postfeminist Political Culture. Texas: Texas A&M University Press, 2013.
  • Kerr, Sarah. ‘Wonder Woman: The Weird, True Story,’ The New York Review of Books, November 20, 2014, http://www.nybooks.com/articles/2014/11/20/wonder-woman-weird-true-story. Erişim tarihi: 14.06.2017
  • Klein, Joe. ‘Hillary’s Moment,’ Time, 16 Kasım 2009: 24-33.
  • Laugton, Rae. ‘Feminism in Epistemology: Exclusion and Objectification,’ Miranda Fricker ve Jennifer Hornsby (der.), Women, Knowledge, and Reality: Explorations in Feminist Philosophy. Cambridge Companion to Feminism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press içinde: 127-145.
  • Lepore, Jill. The Secret History of Wonder Woman. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2014.
  • Oles-Acevedo, Denise. ‘Fixing the Hillary Factor: Examining the Trajectory of Hillary Clinton’s Image Repair from Political Bumbler to Political Powerhouse,’ American Communication Journal 2012, Vol. 14 No: 1: 33- 47.
  • O’Harrow, Robert Jr. ‘How Clinton’s Email Scandal Took Root’ The Washington Post, 27 Mart 2016. https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/how-clintons-email-scandal-took-root/2016/03/27/ee301168- e162-11e5-846c-10191d1fc4ec_story.html?utm_term=.1160285d6162. Erişim tarihi: 12 Temmuz 2017.
  • ‘One Less Woman in Politics: Wonder Woman Loses Job as UN Ambassador,’ The Guardian, 13 Aralık 2016. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/dec/12/wonder-woman-un-ambassador-gender-equality. Erişim tarihi: 12 Temmuz 2017.
  • Overdeep, Meghan. ‘Hillary Clinton Says She Can Relate to Wonder Woman in Surprise Tribute to Elisabeth Banks,’ InStyle, 14 Haziran 2017. http://www.instyle.com/news/hillary-clinton-elizabeth-banks-crystal-lucyawards. Erişim tarihi: 30 Haziran 2017.
  • Parry-Giles, Shawn J. Hillary Clinton in the News: Gender and Authenticity in American Politics. Urbana, Chicago and Springfield: University of Illinois Press, 2014.
  • Pitkethly, Clare. ‘Wonder Woman,’ Duncan, Randy ve Smith, Matthew J. (der.), Icons of the American Comic Book: From Captain America to Wonder Woman. California: ABC-CLIO-LLC, 2013 içinde: 824-835.
  • Rappeport, Alan. ‘Gloria Steinem and Madeleine Albright Scold Young Women Backing Bernie Sanders,’ The New York Times, 7 Şubat 2016 https://mobile.nytimes.com/2016/02/08/us/politics/gloria-steinem-madeleinealbright-hillary-clinton-bernie-snaders.html. Erişim tarihi: 25 Haziran 2017.
  • Safire, William. ‘On Language; Shoulda-Coulda-Woulda,’ The New York Times, 15 Mayıs 1994. http://www.nytimes.com/1994/05/15/magazine/on-langauge-shoulda-coulda-woulda.html. Erişim tarihi: 25 Haziran 2017.
  • Siede, Caroline. ‘To Find Hillary Clinton Likable, We Must Learn to View Women as Complex Beings,’ BoingBoing, 15 Eylül 2016. http://boingboing.net/2016/09/15/to-find-hillary-clinton-likable.html. Erişim tarihi: 27 Haziran 2017.
  • Steinem, Gloria. ‘For Feminism, A Clinton Win Would ‘Be Helpful’ but ‘Only One Step,’ ‘ NPR, 21 Ekim 2016. http://www.npr.org/2016/10/21/498736729/steinem-for-feminism-a-clinton-win-would-be-helpful-but-only-onestep. Erişim tarihi: 12 Temmuz 2017.
  • Stout, David. ‘The Wall Street Bail Out Plan, Explained,’ The New York Times, 21 Eylül 2008. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/21/business/21panda.html. Erişim tarihi: 24 Haziran 2017.
  • Superson, Anita M. ve Cudd, Ann E. Theorizing Backlash: Philosophical Reflections on the Resistance to Feminism. New York and Oxford: Rowman&Littlefield, 2002.
  • Taylor, Adam. ‘Sweden’s ‘feminist’ government criticized for wearing headscarves in Iran,’ The Washington Post, 13 Şubat, 2017. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2017/02/13/swedensfeministgovernment-criticized-for-wearing-headscarves-in-iran/?utm_term=.c6cef2abd66e. Erişimi tarihi: 12 Temmuz 2017.
  • ‘This One Moment Changed Hillary Clinton’s ‘08 Campaign’,’ CNN, 20 Nisan 2015. http://www.cnn.com/2015/04/20/poltics/hillary-clinton-new-hampshire/index.html. Erişim tarihi: 26 Haziran 2017.
  • ‘UN Drops Wonder Woman as an Ambassador,’ New York Times, 14 Aralık 2016 https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/13/world/un-wonder-woman-campaign.html.
  • ‘What Did Hillary Clinton Tell the Families of People Who Lost Their Lives in Benghzi?,’ PolitiFact, 9 Şubat 2016, http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/article/2016/feb/09/what-did-hillary-clinton-tell-familiespeople-who-/. Erişim tarihi: 27 Haziran 2017.
  • ‘Wonder Woman. A Bird, But Not a Plane: strange Roots of an American Icon,’ The Economist, 2014 http://www.Economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21634989-strage-roots-american-icon-bird-not-plane. Erişim tarihi: 29.11.2014
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

C Akça Ataç Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

Chicago Ataç, C Akça. “‘Başkanlık için Wonder Woman!’: 2016 Amerikan Başkanlık Seçimleri, Hillary Clinton Ve Feminist Gelecek”. Fe Dergi 9, sy. 2 (Haziran 2017): 80-94. https://doi.org/10.1501/Fe0001_0000000190.