KANT ON JUSTICE

Öz

In this paper I give a detailed account of Kant’s notion of justice in various respects. First, I discuss how Kant’s conception of the moral law – its form as a categorical imperative, as the synthetic a priori basis of moral reasoning, operates initially as a limiting condition for the moral agent not to violate freedom and rights of one another. In this connection I analyze Kant’s various formulations of categorical imperative and prioritize formula of universal law over its other formulations. Second, I argue that according to Kant justice and virtue make two sides of the same coin and principles of justice is the basis of all moral affairs (embracing not only external rights). Finally, I state that because moral purposiveness of reason demands realization of a system of justice, Kant sets constituting a civil condition and global justice as a duty towards which we all required to work as a moral duty.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kant
• justice
• categorical imperative
• politics
• virtue

Kant'ın Adalet Kavramı Üzerine

Öz

Bu makalede Kant’ın adalet nosyonunu farklı yönleriyle ele alarak detaylı bir analizini sunuyorum. Öncelikle Kant’ın ahlak yasası kavramının ve onun ahlaki akıl yürütmenin sentetik a priori temeli olan kategorik buyruk formunun, ahlak özneleri üzerinde nasıl bir birlerinin özgürlüklerine tecavüze etmelerini engelleyen kısıtlayıcı bir koşul olarak işlev gördüğünü inceliyorum. Bu bağlamda Kant’ın kategorik buyruğunun farklı formülasyonlarını ele alarak evrensel yasa formülünü diğerlerinden öne çıkarıyorum. İkinci olarak Kant’a göre adalet ve erdemin bir paranın iki farklı yüzü olduğunu, ve adaletin prensiplerinin tüm ahlaki ilişkilerin (yalnızca dışsal hakların değil) zeminini oluşturduğunu savunuyorum. Son olarak, ahlaki akıl yürütmenin amaçlılığının bir adalet sisteminin gerçekleştirilmesini gerekli kıldığını, ve bu sebeple Kant’ın sivil toplum ve küresel adaleti gerçekleştirmeye yönelik gayret etmeyi hepimiz üzerine düşen ahlaki bir ödev olarak ele aldığını ifade ediyorum.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kant
• adalet
• kategorik buyruk
• politika
• erdem

Kaynakça

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