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AHLAK FELSEFESİNDE OLGU DEĞER AYRIMI VE NESNELCİ AHLAKİ REALİZM AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Yıl 2015, Sayı: 61, 241 - 268, 15.07.2015

Öz

Bu makalede ahlak felsefesindeki olgu-değer ayrımı problemini
ve bu problemin ahlaki realizm açısından değerlendirmesini yapacağım.
Öncelikle ahlaki realizmi tanımlayıp, türlerini kısaca ifade edecek ve
ahlaki realizmin nasıl anlaşılması gerektiğini bazı felsefi kriterler ile özetleyeceğim.
Sonrasında sırasıyla Hume Yasası ve Moore’un açık soru argümanı,
bu argümana getirilen itirazlar ışığında Hume Yasası ve açık sor
argümanının geçerliliklerini ele alacağım. Bununla beraber Hume Yasası
ve Moore’un açık soru argümanının ahlaki realizm açısından nasıl değerlendirilmesi
gerektiğine ilişkin görüşlerimi ifade edeceğim.

Kaynakça

  • • Black, Max, “The Gap Between “Is” and “Should””, The Philosophical Review, Vol. 73, No: 2, Nisan 1964, s. 165-181.
  • • Fisher, Andrew, Metaethics: An Introduction, Durham: Acumen, 2011.
  • • Frankena, William, “The Naturalistic Fallacy”, Mind, Vol. 48, No: 192, Ekim 1939, s. 464-477.
  • • Graham, Gordon, Theories of Ethics, New York: Routledge, 2011.
  • • Hume, David, A Treatise of Human Nature, 16. bs., Londra, Penguin Books, 1739, 1969.
  • • Hume, David, İnsan Doğası Üzerine Bir İnceleme, Çev. Ergün Baylan, Ankara, BilgeSu Yayıncılık, 2009.
  • • Hunter, Geoffrey, “Hume on Is and Ought”, Philosophy, Vol. 37, No: 140, Nisan 1962, s. 148-152.
  • • James, Scott M., An Introduction to Evolutionary Ethics, Malden: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011.
  • • Jordan, Matthew Carey, “Some Metaethical Desiderata and the Conceptual Resources of Theism”, Sophia, Vol. 50, No. 1, Nisan 2011, s. 39-55.
  • • Joyce, Richard, The Evolution of Morality, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2006.
  • • Kripke, Saul, Naming and Necessity. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1980.
  • • Mackie, J. L., Ethics: Inventing Right and Wrong, New York: Penguin Books, 1977, 1990.
  • • MacIntyre, A. C., “Hume on “Is” and “Ought””, The Philosophical Review, Vol. 68, No: 4, Ekim 1959, s. 451-468.
  • • McLaughlin Brian, Bennett Karen, “Supervenience”, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Haziran 10, 2014, (Çevrimiçi), http:// stanford.library.usyd.edu.au/entries/supervenience/
  • • McMahan, Jeff, “Moral Intuition”, The Blackwell Guide to Ethical Theory, ed. Hugh LaFolette, Oxford: Blackwell, 2006, s. 92-110.
  • • Miller, Alexander, An Introduction to Contemporary Metaethics, Oxford: Polity Press, 2003.
  • • Moore, G. E., Principia Ethica. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1903, 1971.
  • • Nesbitt, Winston, “Performatives and the Gap Between `Is` and `Ought`”, Australasian Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 51, No: 2, Ağustos 1973, s. 165-170.
  • • Perry, Thomas D., “A Refutation of Searle`s Amended `Is-Ought` Argument”, Analysis, Vol. 34, No: 4, Mart 1974, s. 133-139.
  • • Pojman, Louis P., Fieser, James, Ethics: Discovering Right and Wrong, Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing, 2009.
  • • Putnam, Hilary, Reason, Truth and History, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1981.
  • • Rachels, James, “Naturalism”, The Blackwell Guide to Ethical Theory, ed. Hugh LaFolette, Oxford: Blackwell, 2006, s. 74-91.
  • • Searle, John R., Speech acts: an essay in the philosophy of language, 12. bs., Cambridge: Cambridge University, 1969, 1987.
  • • Searle, John R., “How to Derive “Ought” From “Is”, The Philosophical Review, Vol. 73. No: 1, Ocak 1964, s. 43-58.
  • • Shafer-Landau, Russ, Moral Realism: A Defence, New York: Oxford University Press, 2003, 2009.
  • • Sturgeon, Nicholas L., “Moral Naturalism”, The Oxford Handbook of Ethical Theory, ed. David Copp, New York: Oxford University Press, 2006, s. 91-121.
  • • Thomson, James, Thomson Judith, “How not to Derive “Ought” from “Is””, The Philosophical Review, Vol. 73, No: 4, Ekim 1964, s. 512- 516.
  • • Wielenberg, Erik J., “In Defense of Non-Natural, Non-Theistic Moral Realism”, Faith and Philosophy, Vol. 26, No: 1, Ocak 2009, s. 23-41.

Fact-Value Distinction Problem in Ethics and its Interpretation with regards to Moral Realism.

Yıl 2015, Sayı: 61, 241 - 268, 15.07.2015

Öz

In this article, I will discuss fact-value distinction problem in ethics
and its interpretation with regards to moral realism. Firstly, I will define
Moral Realism and types of it and summarize how to be understood it with
some philosophical criteria. After that respectively I will discuss Hume`s
Law and Moore`s open question argument and validity of them in the light
of objections to them. At the same time I will state remarks on how to interpret
Hume`s Law and Moore`s open question argument with regards to
moral realism.

Kaynakça

  • • Black, Max, “The Gap Between “Is” and “Should””, The Philosophical Review, Vol. 73, No: 2, Nisan 1964, s. 165-181.
  • • Fisher, Andrew, Metaethics: An Introduction, Durham: Acumen, 2011.
  • • Frankena, William, “The Naturalistic Fallacy”, Mind, Vol. 48, No: 192, Ekim 1939, s. 464-477.
  • • Graham, Gordon, Theories of Ethics, New York: Routledge, 2011.
  • • Hume, David, A Treatise of Human Nature, 16. bs., Londra, Penguin Books, 1739, 1969.
  • • Hume, David, İnsan Doğası Üzerine Bir İnceleme, Çev. Ergün Baylan, Ankara, BilgeSu Yayıncılık, 2009.
  • • Hunter, Geoffrey, “Hume on Is and Ought”, Philosophy, Vol. 37, No: 140, Nisan 1962, s. 148-152.
  • • James, Scott M., An Introduction to Evolutionary Ethics, Malden: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011.
  • • Jordan, Matthew Carey, “Some Metaethical Desiderata and the Conceptual Resources of Theism”, Sophia, Vol. 50, No. 1, Nisan 2011, s. 39-55.
  • • Joyce, Richard, The Evolution of Morality, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2006.
  • • Kripke, Saul, Naming and Necessity. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1980.
  • • Mackie, J. L., Ethics: Inventing Right and Wrong, New York: Penguin Books, 1977, 1990.
  • • MacIntyre, A. C., “Hume on “Is” and “Ought””, The Philosophical Review, Vol. 68, No: 4, Ekim 1959, s. 451-468.
  • • McLaughlin Brian, Bennett Karen, “Supervenience”, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Haziran 10, 2014, (Çevrimiçi), http:// stanford.library.usyd.edu.au/entries/supervenience/
  • • McMahan, Jeff, “Moral Intuition”, The Blackwell Guide to Ethical Theory, ed. Hugh LaFolette, Oxford: Blackwell, 2006, s. 92-110.
  • • Miller, Alexander, An Introduction to Contemporary Metaethics, Oxford: Polity Press, 2003.
  • • Moore, G. E., Principia Ethica. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1903, 1971.
  • • Nesbitt, Winston, “Performatives and the Gap Between `Is` and `Ought`”, Australasian Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 51, No: 2, Ağustos 1973, s. 165-170.
  • • Perry, Thomas D., “A Refutation of Searle`s Amended `Is-Ought` Argument”, Analysis, Vol. 34, No: 4, Mart 1974, s. 133-139.
  • • Pojman, Louis P., Fieser, James, Ethics: Discovering Right and Wrong, Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing, 2009.
  • • Putnam, Hilary, Reason, Truth and History, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1981.
  • • Rachels, James, “Naturalism”, The Blackwell Guide to Ethical Theory, ed. Hugh LaFolette, Oxford: Blackwell, 2006, s. 74-91.
  • • Searle, John R., Speech acts: an essay in the philosophy of language, 12. bs., Cambridge: Cambridge University, 1969, 1987.
  • • Searle, John R., “How to Derive “Ought” From “Is”, The Philosophical Review, Vol. 73. No: 1, Ocak 1964, s. 43-58.
  • • Shafer-Landau, Russ, Moral Realism: A Defence, New York: Oxford University Press, 2003, 2009.
  • • Sturgeon, Nicholas L., “Moral Naturalism”, The Oxford Handbook of Ethical Theory, ed. David Copp, New York: Oxford University Press, 2006, s. 91-121.
  • • Thomson, James, Thomson Judith, “How not to Derive “Ought” from “Is””, The Philosophical Review, Vol. 73, No: 4, Ekim 1964, s. 512- 516.
  • • Wielenberg, Erik J., “In Defense of Non-Natural, Non-Theistic Moral Realism”, Faith and Philosophy, Vol. 26, No: 1, Ocak 2009, s. 23-41.
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Felsefe
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Ferhat Yöney

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Temmuz 2015
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Nisan 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2015 Sayı: 61

Kaynak Göster

APA Yöney, F. (2015). AHLAK FELSEFESİNDE OLGU DEĞER AYRIMI VE NESNELCİ AHLAKİ REALİZM AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ. Felsefe Dünyası(61), 241-268.


Felsefe Dünyası Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.