BEŞERİ SERMAYE VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLİŞKİSİNİN TEORİK VE AMPİRİK LİTERATÜRÜ

Öz

Ekonomik performansın ve refah şartlarının en belirgin göstergelerinden biri olan iktisadi büyüme, hükümet politikalarına yol veren önemli bir parametredir. Bu nedenle iktisat literatürü tarafından birçok akademik araştırmaya konu olmuştur. Geçmişte büyümenin tamamıyla fiziksel kaynaklar sayesinde elde edildiği düşünülse de günümüzde büyümeye bilgi gibi maddi olmayan unsurlar kaynaklık etmektedir. Bilginin kullanımı ve temini için ise beceri ve tecrübe sahibi kişilerin varlığına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu noktada Schultz (1961), bir ulusun sahip olduğu bilgi, beceri ve tecrübe sahibi insan stokunu beşeri sermaye olarak tanımlamıştır. İçsel büyüme teorileri çerçevesinde literatürde önemli yer tutan beşeri sermaye kavramı ekonomik büyümeyle ilişkilendirilmiştir. Ancak, yapılan çalışmalar çeşitli sonuçlar ortaya çıkarmış ve değişkenler arasındaki ilişki hakkında fikir birliğine ulaşılamamıştır. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada, beşeri sermaye ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisine yönelik yapılan teorik ve ampirik bulguların bir araya getirilmesi hedeflenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Beşeri Sermaye
• Ekonomik Büyüme
• Literatür Çalışması

THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL LITERATURE OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HUMAN CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

Öz

Economic growth, which is prominent indicators of economic performance and welfare conditions, is an important parameter that gives way to government policies. For this reason, it has been the subject of many academic studies by the economics literature. Although in the past it was thought that growth was achieved entirely through physical resources, today growth is based on intangible factors such as knowledge. For the use and supply of information, the presence of people with skills and experience is needed. At this point, Schultz (1961) defined the human stock of a nation with knowledge, skills and experience as human capital. The concept of human capital, which has an important place in the literature within the framework of endogenous growth theories, has been associated with economic growth. However, studies have revealed various results and no consensus has been reached about the relationship between the variables. Therefore, in this study, it is aimed to bring together the theoretical and empirical findings on the relationship between human capital and economic growth.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Human Capital
• Economic Growth
• Literature Study

Kaynakça

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