KOVİD-19 KÜRESEL SALGINININ İŞGÜCÜ PİYASALARI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİNİN ANALİZİ: KURUMSAL VERİLER IŞIĞINDA TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ

Öz

Çalışmanın temel amacı; Kovid-19 salgınının Türkiye işgücü piyasası üzerindeki etkilerini derinlemesine incelemektir. Dünya ekonomisini ve işgücü piyasalarını olumsuz etkileyen koronavirüs salgını, sağlığa yönelik endişelerle birlikte ekonomik aktiviteleri de şekillendirmesi yönüyle büyük bir tehdide dönüşmüştür. Salgın, bir bakıma bireyleri sağlık ve/veya iktisadi refah arasında tercih yapmak zorunda bırakmaktadır. Bu durum herkes için büyük bir çelişki oluşturmaktadır. Dolayısıyla bahse konu küresel salgın, bir taraftan sağlık açısından hastalığın hızlı bir biçimde bulaşmasına ve ölümlere neden olurken diğer taraftan ekonomik anlamda işyerlerinin kapanmasını, işsizlik artışlarını ve iş kayıplarını beraberinde getirmektedir. Ayrıca salgın, psikolojik sorunlara da yol açmakta ve endüstri ilişkiler sistemlerini ve çalışma biçimlerini değişime uğratmaktadır. Doğrusunu söylemek gerekirse; Kovid-19’un her şeyde köklü bir değişime işaret ettiği belirtilmekte ve bu yeni durum “yeni normal” olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Çalışmada “işsizlik”, “işgücüne katılım”, “sağlık sigortası” “işsizlik sigortası”, “istihdam”, “sosyal koruma” ve “uzaktan çalışma” parametreleri temelinde Kovid-19 salgınının gelişmekte olan bir ülke konumundaki Türkiye işgücü piyasası üzerindeki etkileri incelenmektedir. Bahse konu kriterler, pandemi sonrası yazın dikkate alınarak geliştirilmiştir. İşgücü piyasası analizi yapılırken araştırmacı, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, İŞKUR, OECD ve Dünya Bankası gibi yerel ve global veri merkezleri tarafından açıklanan geleneksel ve geleneksel olmayan verileri kullanmıştır. Adı geçen veri seti, Kovid-19 sonrası Türkiye işgücü piyasalarının değerlendirilmesine ilişkin nihai bir çerçeve sunmaktadır. Bu krizin olumsuz etkilerini azaltmak ve dersler çıkarmak adına ayrıca çalışmada araştırmacılara, politika yapıcılara ve yöneticilere tavsiyelerde de bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kovid-19
• İşgücü Piyasası
• Çalışma İlişkileri
• İşsizlik

SNAPSHOT of COVID-19 GLOBAL PANDEMIC and ITS INFLUENCE on LABOR MARKETS: EVIDENCE from ADMINISTRATIVE DATA in TURKEY

Öz

The main objective of the paper is to take the snapshot of Covid-19 infection and its dramatic influence on labor markets in Turkey as a whole. Coronavirus pandemic, which hit the world economy and labor markets in a devastating manner, has turned into a significant threat that shapes health concerns and economic activities at the same time. In a way, it forces people to make choices between their health and economic welfare, which is a big dilemma for all. It brings about quick infections as well as deaths pharmaceutically, and business lockdowns, unemployment growth, and job loses financially. It results in psychological disorders and it also changes industrial relations systems and the way of work. Frankly speaking, it is to be noted that it connotates a radical modification in everything and so this new case is called “new normal”. This paper attempts to uncover Covid-19 and its direct impact on labor markets for an emerging economy like Turkey on the basis of some certain criteria such as “unemployment”, “labor force participation”, “health insurance claims”, “employment outlooks”, “unemployment insurance coverages”, “social protection”, “telecommuting”, and so forth. These criteria were developed in parallel to the academic literature written following the pandemic. While making an analysis, the researcher used traditional and non-traditional data from local and global data centers including Turkstat (Turkish Statistical Institute), Iskur (Turkish Employment Agency), OECD, and World Bank. These dataset give an ultimate framework for the assessment of Turkish labor markets (TLMs) following Covid-19. To minimize the shocks of this crisis and to derive some lessons, implications for managers, economy officials, and the policy makers are available in the research.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Covid-19
• Labor Market
• Labor Relations
• Unemployment

Kaynakça

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