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Theories and Concepts of Environmental Sociology in the Framework of Social Sciences Paradigms

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1, 159 - 174, 15.01.2017
https://doi.org/10.18069/firatsbed.346440

Öz

Environmental Sociology, which was established
as a separate area examining environment-society relations as environmental
problems came into question in 1970s, is not accepted in sociology tradition
enough. This paper aims to show theoretical diversity and sociological essence
of Environmental Sociology. Hence, leading theories and concepts of
Environmental Sociology developed in last forty years are classified according
to social science paradigms that are ideal types. As a result, Socio-economic
Metabolism, Human Ecology, POEM Model, Competing Functions of Environment,
Ecological Modernization and World Society approaches aiming to solve
environmental problems while preserving social order fit into Positive Social
Science Paradigm. Actor-Network Theory and Constructionism focusing on the
perception of environment falls into Interpretative Social Science Paradigm.
Second Contradiction of Capitalism, World System, Environmental Justice, Social
Ecology, Ecofeminism, Deep Ecology, Treadmill of Production and Risk Society
theories approaching environmental problems through social justice frameworks
are part of Critical Social Science Paradigm

Kaynakça

  • Adak, Nurşen (2010). “Geçmişten Geleceğe Çevreye Sosyolojik Yaklaşım”, Ege Akademik Bakış, 10(1): 371-382.
  • Barbosa, Luiz C. (2009). “Theories in Environmental Sociology”, Sy. 25-46. Ed. Kenneth A. Gould ve Tammy L. Lewis. Twenty Lessons in Environmental Sociology. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Beck, Ulrich (2011). Risk Toplumu: Başka Bir Modernliğe Doğru. İstanbul: İthaki.
  • Bookchin, Murray (1994). Özgürlüğün Ekolojisi. İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Bookchin, Murray (1996). Ekolojik Bir Topluma Doğru. İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Brewster, Bradley H. (2011). Environmental Reconstruction in Microsociological Theory for Microsociological Reconstruction in Environmental Sociology. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Wisconsin-Madison Üniversitesi, ABD.
  • Buttel, Frederick H. (1978). “Environmental Sociology: A New Paradigm?” The American Sociologist, 13(4): 252-256.
  • Buttel, Frederick H. (1987). “New Directions in Environmental Sociology” Annual Review of Sociology, 13: 465-488.
  • Buttel, Frederick H. ve Craig R. Humphrey (2002). “Sociological Theory and Natural Environment”, Sy. 33-69. Ed. Riley E. Dunlap ve William Michelson. Handbook of Environmental Sociology. London: Greenwood Press.
  • Byrne, John; Cecilia Martinez ve Leigh Glover (2002). “A Brief on Environmental Justice”, Sy. 3-17. Ed. John Byrne, Leigh Glover ve Cecilia Martinez. Discourses in International Political Economy. Catton, William R. ve Riley E. Dunlap (1978). “Environmental Sociology: A New Paradigm”, The American Sociologist, 13: 41-49.
  • Clark, Brett (2006). Metabolic Rift: Toward a Sociology of Ecological Crisis” Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Oregon Üniversitesi, Sosyoloji Bölümü, ABD.
  • Çımrın, Füsun Kökalan (2014). “Sosyoloji ve Çevre”, International Periodical For The Languages and History of Turkish or Turkic, 9(2): 1007-1020.
  • Dunlap, Riley (2016). “Sociology’s Engagement with the Environment (Part I)”. “Immersion Distinguished Scholar Workshop: Sociology” toplantısında (11-14.01.2016, Annapolis/ABD) sunuldu. http://www.sesync.org/sites/default/files/education/sociology-5.pdf (21.09.2106).
  • Dunlap, Riley E.; William Michelson ve Glem Stalker (2002). “Environmental Sociology: An Introduction”, Sy. 1-32. Ed. Riley E. Dunlap ve William Michelson. Handbook of Environmental Sociology. Londra: Greenwood Press. Eckersley, Robyn (2003). Environmentalism and Political Theory, Toward an Ecocentric Approach. New York: UCL Press.
  • Fischer-Kowalski, Marina and Weisz, Helga (2005). “Society as Hybrid Between Material and Symbolic Realms.Toward a Theoretical Framework of Society-Nature Interrelation”, Sy. 113-149. Ed. Michael R. Redclift ve Graham Woodgate. New Developments in Environmental Sociology. Northampton: Edward Elgar.
  • Fisher, Dana (2016). “Sociology’s Engagement with the Environment (Part II)”. “Immersion Distinguished Scholar Workshop: Sociology” toplantısında (11-14.01.2016, Annapolis/ABD) sunuldu. http://www.sesync.org/sites/default/files/education/sociology-6.pdf (21.09.2106).
  • Frank, John; Ann Hironaka ve Evan Schofer (2000). “The Nation-State and the Natural Environment over the Twentieth Century”, American Socilogical Review, 65(1): 96-116.
  • Gould Kenneth A., David N. Pellow ve Allan Schnaiberg (2003). “Interrogating The Treadmill Of Production: Everything You Wanted to Know About The Treadmill, But Were Afraid to Ask.” “Çevre ve Koşu Bandı Üretimi” Sempozyumunda (31.10-01.11 2003, Wisconsin/ABD) sunuldu.
  • Gould, Kenneth A., Allan Schnaiberg ve Adam S. Weinberg (1996). Local Environmental Struggles: Citizen Activism in the Treadmill of Production, New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Hannigan, John (2006), Environmental Sociology. Londra: Routledge.
  • Jakku, E.; D. Burch & R. Rickson (2009), “Constructing an Environmental Problem: Claims-making in the Brisbane River Dredging Dispute”, Australasian Journal of Environmental Management, 16(1): 25-35.
  • Jones, Samantha (2002). “Social Constructionism and The Environment: Through The Quagmire”, Global Environmental Change, 12: 247-251.
  • Kayır, Gülser Öztunalı (2005). “Sosyoloji’den Ekososyoloji’ye Doğru Değişen Kuramsal Temeller”, Akdeniz İ. İ. B. F. Dergisi, 9: 154-176.
  • Konak, Nahide (2008), “Ecological Modernization and Eco-Marxist Perspectives: Globalization and Gold Mining Development in Turkey”, Capitalism Nature Socialism, 19(4): 107-130.
  • Konak, Nahide (2010). “Çevre Sosyolojisi: Kavramsal ve Teorik Gelişmeler”, Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 24: 271-283.
  • Latour, Bruno (2005). Reassemblling the Social, An Introduction to Actor-Network Theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Lave, Rebecca (2015). “Reassembling the Structural: Political Ecology and Actor-Network Theory” Sy. 213-223. Ed. Tom Perreault, Gavin Bridge and James McCarthy. The Routledge Handbook of Political Ecology. New York: Routledge. Martinez-Alier, Juan (1997). “Environmental Justice (Local and Global)”, Capitalism Nature Socialism, 8(1): 91-107. Merchant, Carolyn (2005). Radical Ecology. Oxon: Routledge.
  • Naess, Arne (1973), “The Shallow and The Deep, Long-Range Ecology Movement. A Summary”, Inquiry, 16(1): 95-100.
  • Neuman, W. Lawrence (2010). Toplumsal Araştırma Yöntemleri-I. İstanbul: Yayınodası. O’Connor, James (1998). “Capitalism, Nature, Socialism: A Theoretical Introduction”, Capitalism, Nature, Socialism, 1(1): 11-38.
  • Odabaş, Zuhal Yonca (2010). Sürdürülebilir Afet Yönetimi ve Kadın. Ankara Üniversitesi Rektörlüğü Yayınları.
  • Richter, Rudolf (2013). Sosyolojik Paradigmalar. İstanbul: Küre Yayınları.
  • Ritzer, George (2011). Sociological Theory. New York: Mc Graw Hill.
  • Staggenborg, Suzanne (2012). Social Movements. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Tuna, Muammer (2012). (Ed.) Çevre Sosyolojisi. Eskişehir: T.C. Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayını.

SOSYAL BİLİM PARADİGMALARI ÇERÇEVESİNDE ÇEVRE SOSYOLOJİSİ’NİN KURAMLARI VE KAVRAMLARI

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1, 159 - 174, 15.01.2017
https://doi.org/10.18069/firatsbed.346440

Öz

1970’lerde çevre
sorunlarının gündeme gelmesi nedeniyle çevre-toplum etkileşimini inceleyen ayrı
bir alan olarak ortaya çıkan Çevre Sosyolojisi henüz sosyoloji disiplini içinde
kendini yeterince kabul ettirememiştir. Bu makalenin amacı, Çevre
Sosyolojisi’nin kuramsal ve kavramsal çeşitliliği ile sosyolojik niteliğini
ortaya koymaktır. Buna göre ideal tip biçimindeki sosyal bilim paradigmaları
çerçevesinde, son kırk yıl içinde gelişen Çevre Sosyolojisi’nin kuramları ve
kavramları sınıflandırılarak açıklanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, toplumsal düzeni koruyarak
çevre sorunlarını çözme amacındaki Sosyo-ekonomik Metabolizma, İnsan Ekolojisi,
ÇÖNT Modeli, Çevrenin Rekabet Eden İşlevleri, Ekolojik Modernleşme ve Dünya
Devleti Yaklaşımları Pozitif Sosyal Bilim Paradigmasına girmekteyken bireyin ve
toplumun çevre algısını öne çıkaran Aktör-İlişkiler Ağı Kuramı ve Yeniden
İnşacılık yaklaşımı Yorumlayıcı Sosyal Bilim paradigmasına yakın durmaktadır. Çevre
sorunlarına toplumsal eşitsizlik perspektifinden yaklaşan Kapitalizmin İkinci
Çelişkisi, Dünya Sistemi, Çevresel Adalet, Toplumsal Ekoloji, Ekofeminizm,
Derin Ekoloji, Koşu Bandı Üretimi ve Risk Toplumu kuramları ise Eleştirel
Sosyal Bilim paradigmasına girmektedirler.

Kaynakça

  • Adak, Nurşen (2010). “Geçmişten Geleceğe Çevreye Sosyolojik Yaklaşım”, Ege Akademik Bakış, 10(1): 371-382.
  • Barbosa, Luiz C. (2009). “Theories in Environmental Sociology”, Sy. 25-46. Ed. Kenneth A. Gould ve Tammy L. Lewis. Twenty Lessons in Environmental Sociology. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Beck, Ulrich (2011). Risk Toplumu: Başka Bir Modernliğe Doğru. İstanbul: İthaki.
  • Bookchin, Murray (1994). Özgürlüğün Ekolojisi. İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Bookchin, Murray (1996). Ekolojik Bir Topluma Doğru. İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Brewster, Bradley H. (2011). Environmental Reconstruction in Microsociological Theory for Microsociological Reconstruction in Environmental Sociology. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Wisconsin-Madison Üniversitesi, ABD.
  • Buttel, Frederick H. (1978). “Environmental Sociology: A New Paradigm?” The American Sociologist, 13(4): 252-256.
  • Buttel, Frederick H. (1987). “New Directions in Environmental Sociology” Annual Review of Sociology, 13: 465-488.
  • Buttel, Frederick H. ve Craig R. Humphrey (2002). “Sociological Theory and Natural Environment”, Sy. 33-69. Ed. Riley E. Dunlap ve William Michelson. Handbook of Environmental Sociology. London: Greenwood Press.
  • Byrne, John; Cecilia Martinez ve Leigh Glover (2002). “A Brief on Environmental Justice”, Sy. 3-17. Ed. John Byrne, Leigh Glover ve Cecilia Martinez. Discourses in International Political Economy. Catton, William R. ve Riley E. Dunlap (1978). “Environmental Sociology: A New Paradigm”, The American Sociologist, 13: 41-49.
  • Clark, Brett (2006). Metabolic Rift: Toward a Sociology of Ecological Crisis” Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Oregon Üniversitesi, Sosyoloji Bölümü, ABD.
  • Çımrın, Füsun Kökalan (2014). “Sosyoloji ve Çevre”, International Periodical For The Languages and History of Turkish or Turkic, 9(2): 1007-1020.
  • Dunlap, Riley (2016). “Sociology’s Engagement with the Environment (Part I)”. “Immersion Distinguished Scholar Workshop: Sociology” toplantısında (11-14.01.2016, Annapolis/ABD) sunuldu. http://www.sesync.org/sites/default/files/education/sociology-5.pdf (21.09.2106).
  • Dunlap, Riley E.; William Michelson ve Glem Stalker (2002). “Environmental Sociology: An Introduction”, Sy. 1-32. Ed. Riley E. Dunlap ve William Michelson. Handbook of Environmental Sociology. Londra: Greenwood Press. Eckersley, Robyn (2003). Environmentalism and Political Theory, Toward an Ecocentric Approach. New York: UCL Press.
  • Fischer-Kowalski, Marina and Weisz, Helga (2005). “Society as Hybrid Between Material and Symbolic Realms.Toward a Theoretical Framework of Society-Nature Interrelation”, Sy. 113-149. Ed. Michael R. Redclift ve Graham Woodgate. New Developments in Environmental Sociology. Northampton: Edward Elgar.
  • Fisher, Dana (2016). “Sociology’s Engagement with the Environment (Part II)”. “Immersion Distinguished Scholar Workshop: Sociology” toplantısında (11-14.01.2016, Annapolis/ABD) sunuldu. http://www.sesync.org/sites/default/files/education/sociology-6.pdf (21.09.2106).
  • Frank, John; Ann Hironaka ve Evan Schofer (2000). “The Nation-State and the Natural Environment over the Twentieth Century”, American Socilogical Review, 65(1): 96-116.
  • Gould Kenneth A., David N. Pellow ve Allan Schnaiberg (2003). “Interrogating The Treadmill Of Production: Everything You Wanted to Know About The Treadmill, But Were Afraid to Ask.” “Çevre ve Koşu Bandı Üretimi” Sempozyumunda (31.10-01.11 2003, Wisconsin/ABD) sunuldu.
  • Gould, Kenneth A., Allan Schnaiberg ve Adam S. Weinberg (1996). Local Environmental Struggles: Citizen Activism in the Treadmill of Production, New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Hannigan, John (2006), Environmental Sociology. Londra: Routledge.
  • Jakku, E.; D. Burch & R. Rickson (2009), “Constructing an Environmental Problem: Claims-making in the Brisbane River Dredging Dispute”, Australasian Journal of Environmental Management, 16(1): 25-35.
  • Jones, Samantha (2002). “Social Constructionism and The Environment: Through The Quagmire”, Global Environmental Change, 12: 247-251.
  • Kayır, Gülser Öztunalı (2005). “Sosyoloji’den Ekososyoloji’ye Doğru Değişen Kuramsal Temeller”, Akdeniz İ. İ. B. F. Dergisi, 9: 154-176.
  • Konak, Nahide (2008), “Ecological Modernization and Eco-Marxist Perspectives: Globalization and Gold Mining Development in Turkey”, Capitalism Nature Socialism, 19(4): 107-130.
  • Konak, Nahide (2010). “Çevre Sosyolojisi: Kavramsal ve Teorik Gelişmeler”, Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 24: 271-283.
  • Latour, Bruno (2005). Reassemblling the Social, An Introduction to Actor-Network Theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Lave, Rebecca (2015). “Reassembling the Structural: Political Ecology and Actor-Network Theory” Sy. 213-223. Ed. Tom Perreault, Gavin Bridge and James McCarthy. The Routledge Handbook of Political Ecology. New York: Routledge. Martinez-Alier, Juan (1997). “Environmental Justice (Local and Global)”, Capitalism Nature Socialism, 8(1): 91-107. Merchant, Carolyn (2005). Radical Ecology. Oxon: Routledge.
  • Naess, Arne (1973), “The Shallow and The Deep, Long-Range Ecology Movement. A Summary”, Inquiry, 16(1): 95-100.
  • Neuman, W. Lawrence (2010). Toplumsal Araştırma Yöntemleri-I. İstanbul: Yayınodası. O’Connor, James (1998). “Capitalism, Nature, Socialism: A Theoretical Introduction”, Capitalism, Nature, Socialism, 1(1): 11-38.
  • Odabaş, Zuhal Yonca (2010). Sürdürülebilir Afet Yönetimi ve Kadın. Ankara Üniversitesi Rektörlüğü Yayınları.
  • Richter, Rudolf (2013). Sosyolojik Paradigmalar. İstanbul: Küre Yayınları.
  • Ritzer, George (2011). Sociological Theory. New York: Mc Graw Hill.
  • Staggenborg, Suzanne (2012). Social Movements. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Tuna, Muammer (2012). (Ed.) Çevre Sosyolojisi. Eskişehir: T.C. Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayını.
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Sosyoloji
Yazarlar

Çağrı Eryılmaz Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Ocak 2017
Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Ekim 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Eryılmaz, Ç. (2017). Theories and Concepts of Environmental Sociology in the Framework of Social Sciences Paradigms. Firat University Journal of Social Sciences, 27(1), 159-174. https://doi.org/10.18069/firatsbed.346440