COĞRAFİ VE JEOPOLİTİK AÇIDAN GOLAN TEPELERİ

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 1, 19 - 36, 18.01.2022

Murat Çınar

https://doi.org/10.18069/firatsbed.974706

Öz

Golan Tepeleri, tarih boyunca Ortadoğu ile Akdeniz arasında önemli geçiş noktalarından birisi olmuştur. Bölge, sahip olduğu kaynaklar ve konumu itibariyle stratejik öneme sahiptir. İsrail, 1967’den önce Golan Tepeleri’nden Suriye ordusu tarafından yapılan saldırılara maruz kalmaktaydı. Golan’ın, İsrail’in önemli şehirlerine yakınlığı ciddi bir risk oluşturmaktaydı. Golan Tepeleri, 1967 yılında Altı Gün Savaşı sırasında İsrail ordusu tarafından işgal edilmiştir. İsrail Meclisi 1981 yılında Golan’ı ilhak etme kararı almıştır. Uluslararası kamuoyu ve BM tarafından mevcut durum işgal olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bölgenin, jeostratejik konumunun yanında zengin su kaynaklarına da sahip olması İsrail'e önemli avantajlar sağlamaktadır. Golan Tepeleri’ni kontrolü altında tutan İsrail önemli bir askeri üstünlüğe sahiptir. Ayrıca Golan Tepeleri, Yahudilerin dini açıdan kutsal saydığı bir bölgedir. Araştırma betimsel tarama modelinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada, İsrail-Arap Savaşları’nın yaşandığı önemli cephelerden birisi olan Golan Tepeleri’nin coğrafyası incelenmiş ve jeopolitiği hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Çalışmada; Golan Tepeleri’nin sahip olduğu coğrafi özellikler çerçevesinde stratejik önemini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Türkiye’de, Golan Tepeleri hakkında yapılan çalışma sayısı çok azdır. Bu çalışma ile ayrıca bölge hakkında yapılacak çalışmalara ve literatüre katkıda bulunmak amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İsrail, Suriye, Golan, Jeopolitik, Coğrafya

The Golan Heights in Geographical and Geopolitical Personality

Öz

The Golan Heights has been one of the important transit points between the Middle East and the Mediterranean throughout history. The region has strategic importance due to its resources and location. Before 1967, Israel was subject to attacks by the Syrian army from the Golan Heights. The proximity of the Golan to Israel's major cities posed a serious risk. The Golan Heights was occupied by the Israeli army during the Six-Day War in 1967. The Israeli Assembly decided to annex the Golan in 1981. The current situation is accepted as an occupation by the international community and the UN. The fact that the region has rich water resources besides its geostrategic location provides significant advantages to Israel. Israel, which controls the Golan Heights, has a significant military advantage. In addition, the Golan Heights is a region that Jews consider religiously sacred. The research was carried out in the descriptive survey model. In the study, the geography of the Golan Heights, one of the important fronts of the Israeli-Arab Wars, was examined and information was given about its geopolitics. In the study; It is aimed to reveal the strategic importance of the Golan Heights within the framework of its geographical features. There are very few studies on the Golan Heights in Turkey. With this study, it is also aimed to contribute to the studies and literature about the region.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İsrael, Syria, Golan, Geopolitic, Geography

Kaynakça

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