Araştırma Makalesi
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İŞLETMELERİN BİLGİ VE İLETİŞİM TEKNOLOJİSİ DÜZEYİNİN VERİMLİLİĞE ETKİSİ: İŞLETME GRUBUNA BAĞLI OLMA VE ULUSLARARASILAŞMANIN ROLÜ

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 1, 157 - 171, 18.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.18069/firatsbed.994066

Öz

Bu çalışmada bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri düzeyinin işletme verimliliği üzerindeki olumlu etkisi bilgi temelli yaklaşım perspektifi ile araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca işletme grubuna bağlı olan ve uluslararasılaşma düzeyi daha yüksek olan işletmelerde bu olumlu ilişkinin daha yüksek düzeyde gerçekleşip gerçekleşmediği belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada World Bank Enterprise Survey veri tabanında yer alan ve 2015 yılında Türkiye’de gerçekleştirilen anket verilerine yer verilmiştir. Araştırma hipotezleri en küçük kareler yöntemi ile regresyon analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Yapılan regresyon analizleri sonucunda beklenenin tersine işletmelerin bilgi ve iletişim teknolojisi düzeyi ile verimlilikleri arasında anlamlı ve negatif bir ilişki olduğu görülmüştür. İşletme grubuna bağlı olma ve uluslararasılaşma düzeyi değişkenlerinin beklenen yönde düzenleyici etkisi tespit edilememiştir. Öte yandan işletme grubuna bağlı işletmelerde bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri ile verimlilik arasındaki olumsuz ilişki daha kuvvetlidir. Bu araştırma benzer araştırmalardan farklı olarak Türkiye genelinde oldukça geniş bir veri tabanından elde edilen veriler ışığında, ilgili yazında öngörülen bilişim teknolojilerinin işletme verimliliğine olumlu etkisinin her ülke bağlamında geçerli olacağı varsayımının mümkün olmadığını göstermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Aiken, L. S. & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions. Sage Publications.
  • Barney, J. (1991). Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
  • Beheshti, H. M. & Beheshti, C. M. (2010). Improving productivity and firm performance with enterprise resource planning. Enterprise Information Systems, 4(4), 445–472. https://doi.org/10.1080/17517575.2010.511276
  • Bharadwaj, A. S. (2000). A resource-based perspective on information technology capability and firm performance: An empirical investigation. MIS Quarterly: Management Information Systems, 24(1), 169–193. https://doi.org/10.2307/3250983
  • Bharadwaj, A. S., Bharadwaj, S. G. & Konsynski, B. R. (1999). Information Technology Effects on Firm Performance as Measured by Tobin’s q. Management Science, 45(7), 1008–1024. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.45.7.1008
  • Bresnahan, T. F., Brynjolfsson, E. & Hitt, L. M. (2002). Information Technology, Workplace Organization, and the Demand for Skilled Labor: Firm-Level Evidence*. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 117(1), 339–376. https://doi.org/10.1162/003355302753399526
  • Carney, M., Estrin, S., Liang, Z. & Shapiro, D. (2019). National institutional systems, foreign ownership and firm performance: The case of understudied countries. Journal of World Business, 54(4), 244–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2018.03.003
  • Carney, M., Van Essen, M., Estrin, S. & Shapiro, D. (2017). Business group prevalence and impact across countries and over time. Multinational Business Review, 25(1), 52–76. https://doi.org/10.1108/MBR-10-2016-0037
  • Castellacci, F. (2015). Institutional Voids or Organizational Resilience? Business Groups, Innovation, and Market Development in Latin America. World Development, 70, 43–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.12.014
  • Chang, S. J. & Hong, J. (2000). Economic performance of group-affiliated companies in Korea : Intragroup Resource Sharing and Internal Business Transactions. Academy of Management Journal, 43(3), 429–448.
  • Chari, M. D. R., Devaraj, S. & David, P. (2007). International diversification and firm performance: Role of information technology investments. Journal of World Business, 42(2), 184–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JWB.2007.02.004
  • Chou, C.-C., Lin, W. T., Lee, C., Tao, X. & Qian, Z. (2021). The impacts of information technology and E-commerce on operational performances: A two-stage dynamic partial adjustment approach. Journal of Industrial and Production Engineering, 38(4), 291–322. https://doi.org/10.1080/21681015.2021.1887381
  • Colpan, A. M. (2010). Business Groups in Turkey. In A. M. Colpan, T. Hikino & J. R. Lincoln (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Business Groups (pp. 486–525). Oxford University Press.
  • Colpan, A. M. & Hikino, T. (2010). Foundations of Business Groups: Towards an Integrated Framework. In A. M. Colpan, T. Hikino, & J. R. Lincoln (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Business Groups (pp. 15–66). New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Dedrick, J., Kraemer, K. L. & Shih, E. (2013). Information Technology and Productivity in Developed and Developing Countries. Journal of Management Information Systems, 30(1), 97–122. https://doi.org/10.2753/MIS0742-1222300103
  • Dobbs, R., Manyika, J. & Woetzel, J. (2015). The four global forces breaking all the trends.
  • Ernst, D., Mytelka, L. & Ganiatsos, T. (2003). Technological capabilities in the context of export-led growth: a conceptual framework. In Technological capabilities and export success in Asia (pp. 21–61). Routledge.
  • Grant, R. M. (1996). Toward a knowledge-based theory of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 17(S2), 109–122. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250171110
  • Guillen, M. F. (2000). Business Groups in Emerging Economies: a Resource-Based View. Academy of Management Journal, 43(3), 362–380. https://doi.org/10.2307/1556400
  • Hitt, L. M. & Brynjolfsson, E. (1996). Productivity, business profitability, and consumer surplus: Three different measures of information technology value. MIS Quarterly: Management Information Systems, 20(2), 121–142. https://doi.org/10.2307/249475
  • Hoskisson, R. E., Lau, C.-M., Eden, L. & Wright, M. (2000). Strategy in Emerging Economies. The Academy of Management Journal, 43(3), 249–267. https://doi.org/10.2307/1556394
  • ITU. (2020). Information Technology Union. Retrieved from https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/stat/default.aspx
  • Johanson, J. & Vahlne, J.-E. (1977). The Internationalization Process of the Firm—A Model of Knowledge Development and Increasing Foreign Market Commitments. Journal of International Business Studies, 8(1), 23–32. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490676
  • Khanna, T., & Palepu, K. (2000). Is Group Affiliation Profitable in Emerging Markets? An Analysis of Diversified Indian Business Groups. The Journal of Finance, 55(2), 867–891.
  • Klein, M. (2020). İŞLETMELERİN DİJİTAL DÖNÜŞÜM SENARYOLARI - KAVRAMSAL BİR MODEL ÖNERİSİ. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19(74), 997–1019. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.676984
  • Kogut, B. & Zander, U. (1992). Knowledge of the Firm.,Combinative Capabilities, and the Replication of Technology. Organization Science, 3(3), 383–397. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.3.3.383
  • Kogut, B. & Zander, U. (1993). Knowledge of the Firm and the Evolutionary Theory of the Multinational Corporation. Journal of International Business Studies, 24(4), 625–645. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490248
  • Krutova, O., Koistinen, P., Turja, T., Melin, H. & Särkikoski, T. (2021). Two sides, but not of the same coin: digitalization, productivity and unemployment. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, (ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-05-2020-0233
  • Liang, Z. & Carney, M. (2020). Business group persistence and institutional maturity: the role of management practices. Industrial and Corporate Change.
  • Luo, Y. & Bu, J. (2016). How valuable is information and communication technology? A study of emerging economy enterprises. Journal of World Business, 51(2), 200–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2015.06.001
  • Mahmood, I. P. & Mitchell, W. (2004). Two faces: Effects of business groups on innovation in emerging economies. Management Science, 50(10), 1348–1365. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1040.0259
  • Mahmood, I. P., Zhu, H. & Zajac, E. J. (2011). Where can capabilities come from? network ties and capability acquisition in business groups. Strategic Management Journal, 32(8), 820–848. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.911
  • Mata, F. J., Fuerst, W. L. & Barney, J. B. (1995). Information Technology and Sustained Competitive Advantage: A Resource-Based Analysis. MIS Quarterly, 19(4), 487–505. https://doi.org/10.2307/249630
  • Penrose, E. (2009). Theory of the Growth of the Firm. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Rai, A., Patnayakuni, R. & Seth, N. (2006). Firm Performance Impacts of Digitally Enabled Supply Chain Integration Capabilities. MIS Quarterly, 30(2), 225–246. https://doi.org/10.2307/25148729
  • Rangan, S., & Sengul, M. (2009). Information technology and transnational integration: Theory and evidence on the evolution of the modern multinational enterprise. Journal of International Business Studies, 40(9), 1496–1514. https://doi.org/10.1057/jibs.2009.55
  • Ray, G., Muhanna, W. A. & Barney, J. B. (2005). Information Technology and the Performance of the Customer Service Process: A Resource-Based Analysis. MIS Quarterly, 29(4), 625–652. https://doi.org/10.2307/25148703
  • Schweikl, S. & Obermaier, R. (2020). Lessons from three decades of IT productivity research: towards a better understanding of IT-induced productivity effects. Management Review Quarterly, 70(4), 461–507. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-019-00173-6
  • Shapiro, D. M., Liang, Z., Estrin, S. & Carney, M. (2018). Initiating internationalization: business group affiliation, export intensity and institutional quality. 6th Copenhagen Conference on “Emergıng Multınatıonals”: Outward Investment from Emergıng Economıes, 11-12 October.
  • Sircar, S., Turnbow, J. L. & Bordoloi, B. (2000). A Framework for Assessing the Relationship between Information Technology Investments and Firm Performance. Journal of Management Information Systems, 16(4), 69–97. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2000.11518266
  • Tajeddin, M. & Carney, M. (2019). African Business Groups: How Does Group Affiliation Improve SMEs’ Export Intensity? Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 43(6), 1194–1222. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718779586
  • Vadana, I.-I., Torkkeli, L., Kuivalainen, O. & Saarenketo, S. (2020). Digitalization of companies in international entrepreneurship and marketing. International Marketing Review, 37(3), 471–492. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMR-04-2018-0129
  • von Krogh, G. (2012). How does social software change knowledge management? Toward a strategic research agenda. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 21(2), 154–164. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2012.04.003
  • WorldBank. (2021). Enterprise Survey Indicator Descriptions. Retrieved from https://www.enterprisesurveys.org/content/dam/enterprisesurveys/documents/Indicator-Description.pdf

The Impact of Information and Communication Technology Level of Firms on Productivity: The Role of Business Group Affiliation And Internationalization

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 1, 157 - 171, 18.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.18069/firatsbed.994066

Öz

In this study, the positive effect of information and communication technologies on firm productivity has been investigated through knowledge-based view. Moreover, it has been tried to find if this positive relationship is higher for firms that are affiliated to business groups and have higher internationalization level. This study has used the data of Turkey for the year of 2015 from World Bank Enterprise Survey database. Research hypotheses were tested through ordinary least squares regression method. According to results of regression analyses, there has been a significant and negative relationship between information and communication technologies level of the firm and firm productivity contrary to our expectations. The moderating influence of business group affiliation and internationalization level were not be determined in expected directions. However, the negative relationship between information and communication technologies and firm productivity is stronger for business group affiliated firms. This study has shown that the proposition of positive impact of information technologies on firm productivity cannot be applicable for all country contexts in the light of a diverse dataset derived from Turkey and that makes it distinct from similar studies.

Kaynakça

  • Aiken, L. S. & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions. Sage Publications.
  • Barney, J. (1991). Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
  • Beheshti, H. M. & Beheshti, C. M. (2010). Improving productivity and firm performance with enterprise resource planning. Enterprise Information Systems, 4(4), 445–472. https://doi.org/10.1080/17517575.2010.511276
  • Bharadwaj, A. S. (2000). A resource-based perspective on information technology capability and firm performance: An empirical investigation. MIS Quarterly: Management Information Systems, 24(1), 169–193. https://doi.org/10.2307/3250983
  • Bharadwaj, A. S., Bharadwaj, S. G. & Konsynski, B. R. (1999). Information Technology Effects on Firm Performance as Measured by Tobin’s q. Management Science, 45(7), 1008–1024. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.45.7.1008
  • Bresnahan, T. F., Brynjolfsson, E. & Hitt, L. M. (2002). Information Technology, Workplace Organization, and the Demand for Skilled Labor: Firm-Level Evidence*. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 117(1), 339–376. https://doi.org/10.1162/003355302753399526
  • Carney, M., Estrin, S., Liang, Z. & Shapiro, D. (2019). National institutional systems, foreign ownership and firm performance: The case of understudied countries. Journal of World Business, 54(4), 244–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2018.03.003
  • Carney, M., Van Essen, M., Estrin, S. & Shapiro, D. (2017). Business group prevalence and impact across countries and over time. Multinational Business Review, 25(1), 52–76. https://doi.org/10.1108/MBR-10-2016-0037
  • Castellacci, F. (2015). Institutional Voids or Organizational Resilience? Business Groups, Innovation, and Market Development in Latin America. World Development, 70, 43–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.12.014
  • Chang, S. J. & Hong, J. (2000). Economic performance of group-affiliated companies in Korea : Intragroup Resource Sharing and Internal Business Transactions. Academy of Management Journal, 43(3), 429–448.
  • Chari, M. D. R., Devaraj, S. & David, P. (2007). International diversification and firm performance: Role of information technology investments. Journal of World Business, 42(2), 184–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JWB.2007.02.004
  • Chou, C.-C., Lin, W. T., Lee, C., Tao, X. & Qian, Z. (2021). The impacts of information technology and E-commerce on operational performances: A two-stage dynamic partial adjustment approach. Journal of Industrial and Production Engineering, 38(4), 291–322. https://doi.org/10.1080/21681015.2021.1887381
  • Colpan, A. M. (2010). Business Groups in Turkey. In A. M. Colpan, T. Hikino & J. R. Lincoln (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Business Groups (pp. 486–525). Oxford University Press.
  • Colpan, A. M. & Hikino, T. (2010). Foundations of Business Groups: Towards an Integrated Framework. In A. M. Colpan, T. Hikino, & J. R. Lincoln (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Business Groups (pp. 15–66). New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Dedrick, J., Kraemer, K. L. & Shih, E. (2013). Information Technology and Productivity in Developed and Developing Countries. Journal of Management Information Systems, 30(1), 97–122. https://doi.org/10.2753/MIS0742-1222300103
  • Dobbs, R., Manyika, J. & Woetzel, J. (2015). The four global forces breaking all the trends.
  • Ernst, D., Mytelka, L. & Ganiatsos, T. (2003). Technological capabilities in the context of export-led growth: a conceptual framework. In Technological capabilities and export success in Asia (pp. 21–61). Routledge.
  • Grant, R. M. (1996). Toward a knowledge-based theory of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 17(S2), 109–122. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250171110
  • Guillen, M. F. (2000). Business Groups in Emerging Economies: a Resource-Based View. Academy of Management Journal, 43(3), 362–380. https://doi.org/10.2307/1556400
  • Hitt, L. M. & Brynjolfsson, E. (1996). Productivity, business profitability, and consumer surplus: Three different measures of information technology value. MIS Quarterly: Management Information Systems, 20(2), 121–142. https://doi.org/10.2307/249475
  • Hoskisson, R. E., Lau, C.-M., Eden, L. & Wright, M. (2000). Strategy in Emerging Economies. The Academy of Management Journal, 43(3), 249–267. https://doi.org/10.2307/1556394
  • ITU. (2020). Information Technology Union. Retrieved from https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/stat/default.aspx
  • Johanson, J. & Vahlne, J.-E. (1977). The Internationalization Process of the Firm—A Model of Knowledge Development and Increasing Foreign Market Commitments. Journal of International Business Studies, 8(1), 23–32. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490676
  • Khanna, T., & Palepu, K. (2000). Is Group Affiliation Profitable in Emerging Markets? An Analysis of Diversified Indian Business Groups. The Journal of Finance, 55(2), 867–891.
  • Klein, M. (2020). İŞLETMELERİN DİJİTAL DÖNÜŞÜM SENARYOLARI - KAVRAMSAL BİR MODEL ÖNERİSİ. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19(74), 997–1019. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.676984
  • Kogut, B. & Zander, U. (1992). Knowledge of the Firm.,Combinative Capabilities, and the Replication of Technology. Organization Science, 3(3), 383–397. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.3.3.383
  • Kogut, B. & Zander, U. (1993). Knowledge of the Firm and the Evolutionary Theory of the Multinational Corporation. Journal of International Business Studies, 24(4), 625–645. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490248
  • Krutova, O., Koistinen, P., Turja, T., Melin, H. & Särkikoski, T. (2021). Two sides, but not of the same coin: digitalization, productivity and unemployment. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, (ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-05-2020-0233
  • Liang, Z. & Carney, M. (2020). Business group persistence and institutional maturity: the role of management practices. Industrial and Corporate Change.
  • Luo, Y. & Bu, J. (2016). How valuable is information and communication technology? A study of emerging economy enterprises. Journal of World Business, 51(2), 200–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2015.06.001
  • Mahmood, I. P. & Mitchell, W. (2004). Two faces: Effects of business groups on innovation in emerging economies. Management Science, 50(10), 1348–1365. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1040.0259
  • Mahmood, I. P., Zhu, H. & Zajac, E. J. (2011). Where can capabilities come from? network ties and capability acquisition in business groups. Strategic Management Journal, 32(8), 820–848. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.911
  • Mata, F. J., Fuerst, W. L. & Barney, J. B. (1995). Information Technology and Sustained Competitive Advantage: A Resource-Based Analysis. MIS Quarterly, 19(4), 487–505. https://doi.org/10.2307/249630
  • Penrose, E. (2009). Theory of the Growth of the Firm. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Rai, A., Patnayakuni, R. & Seth, N. (2006). Firm Performance Impacts of Digitally Enabled Supply Chain Integration Capabilities. MIS Quarterly, 30(2), 225–246. https://doi.org/10.2307/25148729
  • Rangan, S., & Sengul, M. (2009). Information technology and transnational integration: Theory and evidence on the evolution of the modern multinational enterprise. Journal of International Business Studies, 40(9), 1496–1514. https://doi.org/10.1057/jibs.2009.55
  • Ray, G., Muhanna, W. A. & Barney, J. B. (2005). Information Technology and the Performance of the Customer Service Process: A Resource-Based Analysis. MIS Quarterly, 29(4), 625–652. https://doi.org/10.2307/25148703
  • Schweikl, S. & Obermaier, R. (2020). Lessons from three decades of IT productivity research: towards a better understanding of IT-induced productivity effects. Management Review Quarterly, 70(4), 461–507. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-019-00173-6
  • Shapiro, D. M., Liang, Z., Estrin, S. & Carney, M. (2018). Initiating internationalization: business group affiliation, export intensity and institutional quality. 6th Copenhagen Conference on “Emergıng Multınatıonals”: Outward Investment from Emergıng Economıes, 11-12 October.
  • Sircar, S., Turnbow, J. L. & Bordoloi, B. (2000). A Framework for Assessing the Relationship between Information Technology Investments and Firm Performance. Journal of Management Information Systems, 16(4), 69–97. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2000.11518266
  • Tajeddin, M. & Carney, M. (2019). African Business Groups: How Does Group Affiliation Improve SMEs’ Export Intensity? Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 43(6), 1194–1222. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718779586
  • Vadana, I.-I., Torkkeli, L., Kuivalainen, O. & Saarenketo, S. (2020). Digitalization of companies in international entrepreneurship and marketing. International Marketing Review, 37(3), 471–492. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMR-04-2018-0129
  • von Krogh, G. (2012). How does social software change knowledge management? Toward a strategic research agenda. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 21(2), 154–164. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2012.04.003
  • WorldBank. (2021). Enterprise Survey Indicator Descriptions. Retrieved from https://www.enterprisesurveys.org/content/dam/enterprisesurveys/documents/Indicator-Description.pdf
Toplam 44 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler
Yazarlar

Ayşe Kayacı 0000-0001-5242-7805

Yayımlanma Tarihi 18 Ocak 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 12 Eylül 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 32 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Kayacı, A. (2022). İŞLETMELERİN BİLGİ VE İLETİŞİM TEKNOLOJİSİ DÜZEYİNİN VERİMLİLİĞE ETKİSİ: İŞLETME GRUBUNA BAĞLI OLMA VE ULUSLARARASILAŞMANIN ROLÜ. Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 32(1), 157-171. https://doi.org/10.18069/firatsbed.994066