A Qualitative Study on the Businesses Established by Women and Young Entrepreneurs in the City of Ağrı

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 34 Sayı: 1, 149 - 166, 26.01.2024

Ahmet Gümüş

https://doi.org/10.18069/firatsbed.1280669

Öz

In the present study, the objective was to conduct a qualitative study on the businesses established by women and young entrepreneurs in the city of Ağrı. In this context, open-ended questions were asked to investigate the problems, advantages, disadvantages, prominent and distinctive characteristics, and recommendations of the entrepreneurs within the aim of the study, and the qualitative responses of the participants were analyzed. When the answers given by the participants in the study were analyzed, it was found that it is important to increase the amount and variety of incentives and support given by government institutions to increase the number of women and young entrepreneurs in Ağrı, they have goals and plans to be the best in the future and to provide the best services, and the candidates who want to become entrepreneurs are encouraged to perform their entrepreneurial activities, and the authorities advise the entrepreneurs to adopt risk-taking as a way of thinking. It can be argued that the findings of the study can be beneficial in terms of its results, in terms of guiding both the literature and the young and female entrepreneur candidates who want to engage in entrepreneurial activities in the city of Ağrı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

economic growth and development, young entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship, innovation, women’s entrepreneurship

AĞRI İLİNDEKİ KADIN VE GENÇ GİRİŞİMCİLERİN KURDUKLARI İŞLETMELERLE İLGİLİ NİTEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Öz

Bu çalışmada Ağrı ilinde bulunan kadın ve genç girişimcilerin kurdukları işletmelerle ilgili nitel araştırma yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu çerçevede çalışma kapsamındaki girişimcilerin sorunlarını, avantajlarını, dezavantajlarını, öne çıkan ve farklılık yaratan özelliklerini, tavsiyelerini araştırmak amacıyla açık uçlu ilgili sorular sorulmuş; katılımcıların verdikleri nitel yanıtlar betimsel analiz yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmadaki katılımcıların verdiği yanıtlar incelendiğinde Ağrı ilindeki kadın ve genç girişimcilerin sayısının artması için devlet kurumları tarafından verilen teşvik ve destek miktarları ile çeşitlerinin arttırılmasının önemli olduğu, gelecekte en iyisi olmak ve en iyi hizmet vermek yönünde hedeflerinin ve planlarının olduğu, girişimci olmak isteyen adaylara girişimcilik faaliyetlerini yürütmelerinde risk almayı bir düşünce tarzı olarak benimsemeleri yönünde tavsiyede bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın bulguları, sonuçları bakımından hem literatüre hem de gelecekte Ağrı ilinde girişimcilik faaliyetlerinde bulunmak isteyen genç ve kadın girişimci adaylarına yol gösterebilmesi, Ağrı ilinin bölgesel gelişimiyle, toplumun bu girişimcilere ve girişimcilik faaliyetlerine olan bakış açısının değişimine katkı sunabilmesi açsından faydalı olabileceği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

ekonomik büyüme ve gelişme, genç girişimcilik, girişimcilik, inovasyon, kadın girişimciliği

Kaynakça

• Afshan, G., Shahid, S., and Tunio, M. N. (2021). Learning experiences of women entrepreneurs amidst Covid-19. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 13(2), 162-186. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJGE-09-2020-0153.
• Afutu-Kotey, R. L., Gough, K. V., and Yankson, P. W. (2017). Transitions to adulthood among young entrepreneurs in the informal mobile telephony sector in Accra, Ghana. Geoforum, 85, 290-298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2017.08.008.
• Alan, H. (2020). Genç girişimciliği ve sosyal girişimcilik: Üniversite öğrencileri üzerinde bir araştırma. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 16(28), 997-1027. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.679627.
• Al-Atabi, M., and DeBoer, J. (2014). Teaching entrepreneurship using massive open online course (MOOC). Technovation, 34(4), 261-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2014.01.006.
• Başar, E. (2017). Girişimcilik. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
• Baltacı, A. (2019). Nitel araştırma süreci: Nitel bir araştırma nasıl yapılır?. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 5(2), 368-388.
• Bowen, D. D., and Hisrich, R. D. (1986). The female entrepreneur: a career development perspective. Academy of Management Review, 11(2), 393-407. Erişim adresi: https://www.jstor.org.
• Boz, A., ve Ergeneli, A. (2014). Women entrepreneurs’ personality characteristics and parents’ parenting style profile in Turkey. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 109, 92-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.425.
• Böyükaslan, H. D. (2017). Girişimcilik. E. Kaygın (Ed.), Girişimcilik temel kavramlar, girişimcilik türleri, girişimcilikte güncel konular içinde (13-30. ss.). İstanbul: Cinius Yayınları.
• Brixiová, Z., Ncube, M., and Bicaba, Z. (2015). Skills and youth entrepreneurship in Africa: analysis with evidence from Swaziland. World Development, 67, 11-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.09.027.
• Bruhn, M., and Zia, B. (2013). Stimulating managerial capital in emerging markets: the impact of business training for young entrepreneurs. Journal of Development Effectiveness, 5(2), 232-266. https://doi.org/10.1080/19439342.2013.780090.
• Brush, C. G., and Cooper, S. Y. (2012). Female entrepreneurship and economic development: an international perspective. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 24(1-2), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2012.637340.
• Cull, J. (2006). Mentoring young entrepreneurs: What leads to success. International Journal of Evidence Based Coaching and Mentoring, 4(2), 8-18.
• De Vita, L., Mari, M., and Poggesi, S. (2014). Women entrepreneurs in and from developing countries: evidences from the literature. European Management Journal, 32(3), 451-460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2013.07.009.
• Edelman, L. F., Manolova, T., Shirokova, G., and Tsukanova, T. (2016). The impact of family support on young entrepreneurs' start-up activities. Journal of Business Venturing, 31(4), 428-448. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2016.04.003.
• Galindo, M. Á,. and Méndez, M. T. (2014). Entrepreneurship, economic growth, and innovation: are feedback effects at work?. Journal of Business Research, 67(5), 825-829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.11.052.
• Geldhof, G. J., Malin, H., Johnson, S. K., Porter, T., Bronk, K. C., Weiner, M. B. … Damon, W. (2014). Entrepreneurship in young adults: initial findings from the young entrepreneurs study. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 35(5), 410-421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2014.07.003.
• Güney, S. (2015). Girişimcilik temel kavramlar ve bazı güncel konular. Ankara: Siyasal Kitapevi.
• Hancıoğlu, Y., ve Tekin, E. (2018). Genç girişimci adaylarının girişimcilik eğilimlerinin değerlendirilmesi: uygulamalı girişimcilik kampüsü üzerine bir araştırma. Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 8(1), 213-246.
• Hani, U., Rachmania, I. N., Setyaningsih, S. and Putri, R. C. (2012). Patterns of Indonesian women entrepreneurship. Procedia Economics and Finance, 4, 274-285. https://doi: 10.1016/S2212-5671(12)00342-5.
• Holdsworth, C., and Mendonca, M. (2020). Young entrepreneurs and non-teleological temporality in Portugal and the UK. Time & Society, 29(1), 103-123. https://doi.org/10.1177/0961463X19873783.
• Javadian, G., and Singh, R. P. (2012). Examining successful Iranian women entrepreneurs: an exploratory study. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 27(3), 148-164.
• Jennings, P. D., Greenwood, R., Lounsbury, M. D., and Suddaby, R. (2013). Institutions, entrepreneurs, and communities: a special issue on entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing, 28(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2012.07.001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2012.07.001.
• Kang, Y., and Xiong, W. (2021). Is entrepreneurship a remedy for Chinese university graduates’ unemployment under the massification of higher education? a case study of young entrepreneurs in Shenzhen. International Journal of Educational Development, 84, 102406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2021.102406.
• Le, Q. V., and Raven, P. V. (2015). Woman entrepreneurship in rural Vietnam: Success and motivational factors. The Journal of Developing Areas, 49(2), 57-76.
• Lewis, K. V. (2017). Making meaning as well as money: the experience of young female entrepreneurs. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 9(4), 377-391. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJGE-10-2017-0064.
• Lorrain, J., and Laferté, S. (2006). Support needs of the young entrepreneur. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 19(1), 37-48. https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2006.10593357.
• Maden, C. (2015). A gendered lens on entrepreneurship: women entrepreneurship in Turkey. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 30(4), 312-331. https://doi.org/10.1108/GM-11-2013-0131.
• Marangoz, M. (2017). Girişimcilik. İstanbul: Beta Yayınevi.
• Munyuki, T., and Jonah, C. M. P. (2022). The nexus between financial literacy and entrepreneurial success among young entrepreneurs from a low-income community in Cape Town: a mixed-method analysis. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 14(1), 137-157. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-01-2020-0020.
• Nair, S. R. (2020). The link between women entrepreneurship, innovation and stakeholder engagement: A review. Journal of Business Research, 119, 283-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.06.038.
• O'Connor, A. (2013). A conceptual framework for entrepreneurship education policy: meeting government and economic purposes. Journal of Business Venturing, 28(4), 546-563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2012.07.003.
• Ramadani, V. (2015). The woman entrepreneur in Albania: An exploratory study on motivation, problems and success factors. Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies, 17(2), 204-221.
• Rastogi, M., Baral, R., and Banu, J. (2022). What does it take to be a woman entrepreneur? explorations from India. Industrial and Commercial Training, 54(2), 333-356. https://doi.org/10.1108/ICT-03-2021-0022.
• Rey-Martí, A., Porcar, A. T., and Mas-Tur, A. (2015). Linking female entrepreneurs' motivation to business survival. Journal of Business Research, 68(4), 810-814. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2014.11.033.
• Rosca, E., Agarwal, N., and Brem, A. (2020). Women entrepreneurs as agents of change: a comparative analysis of social entrepreneurship processes in emerging markets. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 157, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120067.
• Rubio-Bañón, A., and Esteban-Lloret, N. (2016). Cultural factors and gender role in female entrepreneurship. Suma de Negocios, 7(15), 9-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sumneg.2015.12.002.
• Setini, M., Yasa, N. N. K., Supartha, I. W. G., Giantari, I. G. A. K. and Rajiani, I. (2020). The passway of women entrepreneurship: starting from social capital with open innovation, through to knowledge sharing and innovative performance. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 6(2), 25. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6020025.
• Shaw, K., and Sørensen, A. (2022). Coming of age: watching young entrepreneurs become successful. Labour Economics, 77, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2021.102033.
• Solesvik, M., Iakovleva, T., and Trifilova, A. (2019). Motivation of female entrepreneurs: a cross-national study. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 26(5), 684-705. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-10-2018-0306.
• Soysal, A. (2010). Türkiye'de kadın girişimciler: engeller ve fırsatlar bağlamında bir değerlendirme. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 65(01), 83-114.
• Sternberg, R. J. (2004). Successful intelligence as a basis for entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing, 19(2), 189-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(03)00006-5.
• Stevenson, L. (1990). Some methodological problems associated with researching women entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Ethics, 9(4-5), 439-446. Erişim adresi: https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/BF00380343.pdf.
• Toma, S. G., Grigore, A. M. and Marinescu, P. (2014). Economic development and entrepreneurship. Procedia Economics and Finance, 8, 436-443. https://doi: 10.1016/S2212-5671(14)00111-7.
• Turró, A., Urbano, D., and Peris-Ortiz, M. (2014). Culture and innovation: the moderating effect of cultural values on corporate entrepreneurship. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 88, 360-369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2013.10.004.
• Uygun, M., Mete, S. ve Güner, E. (2012). Genç girişimci adayların girişimcilik eğilimi ve girişimcilik özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler. Organizasyon ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(2), 145-156. Erişim adresi: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/151034.
• Uygun, R. K. (2019). Girişimcilik teori ve yaklaşımları. Bursa: Ekin Basım Yayın Dağıtım.
• Van Stel, A., Storey, D. J. and Thurik, A. R. (2007). The effect of business regulations on nascent and young business entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 28, 171- 186. https://doi.org/186. 10.1007/s11187-006-9014-1.
• Welsh, D. H., Memili, E. and Kaciak, E. (2016). An empirical analysis of the impact of family moral support on Turkish women entrepreneurs. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 1(1), 3-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2016.01.012.
• Yoganandan, G. and Vignesh, T. (2017). Challenges of young entrepreneurs. Asia Pacific Journal of Research, 1(56),112-115.