Mildiyö Hastalığına Karşı Farklı Tolerans Derecelerindeki Bazı Ayçiçeği Genotiplerinde Tohum Kökenli Fungusların Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 51 Sayı: 1, 1 - 10, 29.04.2022

Mustafa Arap Nuray Özer , Harun Bayraktar

Öz

Bu çalışmada ayçiçeği mildiyösü hastalığına karşı hassas ve yüksek derecede tolerant olan genotiplerin perikarp ve tohumlarında bulunan fungus türlerinin tanılanması ve patojenisitelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada Alternaria alternata hassas genotiplerin tümünün tohum ve perikarplarında tespit edilmiştir. Alternaria infectoria, Bipolaris cynodondis, Cladosporium cladosporioides ve Fusarium oxysporum’un varlığı genotiplere, perikarp ve tohum kısımlarına göre farklılık göstermiştir. Funguslarla bulaşık en yüksek perikarp ve tohum oranı sırasıyla 2517-A (%19) ve 9728-A (%16) genotiplerinde olmuştur. Ayçiçeği mildiyösüne yüksek derecede tolerant genotiplerin perikarp ve tohumlarının yaygın olarak Fusarium culmorum ile bulaşık olduğu ayrıca az sayıda genotipte A. alternata ve A. infectoria’nın da bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. Yüksek derecede tolerant genotipler arasında 13-TR-001 ve TTAE-13-19’un sırasıyla perikarp ve tohumlarının fungal organizmalarla en yüksek oranda bulaşık olduğu belirlenmiştir. İzole edilen fungus türlerinin tohum içeren perikarba inokulasyonu şeklinde gerçekleştirilen patojenisite testlerinde A. alternata, A. infectoria, B. cynodondis, C. cladosporioides, F. culmorum ve F. oxysporum fidelerde sırasıyla %33.03, %22.7, %30.7, %26.47, %52.03 ve %38.7’ye ulaşan oranlarda hastalık şiddeti oluşturmuşlardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.), ayçiçeği genotipleri, tohum kökenli funguslar, patojenisite

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok

Proje Numarası

Yok

Teşekkür

Çalışmada kullanılan ayçiçeği tohum örneklerinin temini için Trakya Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü (Edirne)'ne teşekkür ederiz.

Determination of Seed-borne Fungi in Some Sunflower Genotypes Showing Different Tolerance Degree Against Downy Mildew Disease

Öz

Identification of fungi species on pericarps and seeds of sunflower genotypes, which were sensitive and highly tolerant against downy mildew, and determination of their pathogenicities were aimed in this study. Alternaria alternata was determined in seeds and perikarps of all sensitive genotypes. The presence of Alternaria infectoria, Bipolaris cynodondis, Cladosporium cladosporioides and Fusarium oxysporum differed to genotypes, pericarps and seeds. The highest pericarp and seed rate contaminated with fungi was recorded on 2517-A (19%) and 9728-A (16%), respectively. It was determined that pericarp and seeds of genotypes highly tolerant to downy mildew were commonly contaminated with Fusarium culmorum, and also A. alternata and A. infectoria were found in a few genotypes. Among the highly tolerant genotypes, pericarps and seeds of 13-TR-001 and TTAE-13-19, respectively, were contaminated with fungi at the highest rate. In pathogenicity tests by inoculation of pericarps with seeds with fungi species, A. alternata, A. infectoria, B. cynodontis, C. cladosporioides, F. culmorum and F. oxysporum caused disease severity in seedlings at the rates reaching to 33.03%, 22.7%, 30.7%, 26.47%, 52.03% and 38.7%, respectively.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), sunflower genotypes, seed-borne fungi, pathogenicity

Proje Numarası

Yok

Kaynakça

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