THE POLITICS OF BEING, THE BEING OF POLITICS: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF POLITICAL ONTOLOGY AND NEW ONTOLOGIES OF BECOMING

Abstract

This study aims to clarify the complex and multi-layered relationship between the concepts of "political ontology" and "new ontology" within the context of the "ontological turn" in twenty-first-century thought. Using an analytical and comparative method, the article first examines the definition, main concerns, and intellectual genealogy of political ontology. It then distinguishes between two different meanings of the term "new ontology": the historical school of Nicolai Hartmann and contemporary currents such as speculative realism and new materialism. The main thesis of the study is that the most productive and fruitful intersection with political ontology is established with these contemporary "new ontologies" rather than with Hartmann's. In conclusion, it is argued that contemporary problems such as climate change, artificial intelligence, and ecological crises cannot be adequately understood through the anthropocentric concepts of traditional political theory. In this context, it is emphasised that the dialogue between political ontology and new ontologies provides a fundamental basis for the "re-politicisation of being" and is a condition for imagining a more just and sustainable political future that includes the non-human world.

Keywords

• Political Ontology
• New Ontologies
• Ontological Turn
• Speculative Realism
• New Materialism

VARLIĞIN POLİTİKASI, POLİTİKANIN VARLIĞI: POLİTİK ONTOLOJİ VE YENİ OLUŞ ONTOLOJİLERİN ELEŞTİREL BİR ANALİZİ

Öz

Bu çalışma, yirmi birinci yüzyıl düşüncesindeki "ontolojik dönüş" bağlamında , "politik ontoloji" ve "yeni ontoloji" kavramları arasındaki karmaşık ve çok katmanlı ilişkiyi aydınlatmayı amaçlamaktadır. Makale, analitik ve karşılaştırmalı bir yöntemle öncelikle politik ontolojinin tanımını, temel kaygılarını ve entelektüel soykütüğünü inceler. Ardından, "yeni ontoloji" teriminin Nicolai Hartmann'ın tarihsel okulu ile spekülatif gerçekçilik ve yeni materyalizm gibi güncel akımları ifade eden iki farklı anlamını ayrıştırır. Çalışmanın temel tezi, politik ontoloji ile en verimli ve üretken kesişimin, Hartmann'dan ziyade bu çağdaş "yeni ontolojiler" ile kurulduğudur. Sonuç olarak, iklim değişikliği, yapay zekâ ve ekolojik krizler gibi güncel sorunların geleneksel siyaset teorisinin antroposentrik kavramlarıyla yeterince anlaşılamayacağı savunulmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, politik ontoloji ve yeni ontolojiler arasındaki diyalogun, "varlığın yeniden siyasallaştırılması" için temel bir zemin sunduğu ve insan olmayan dünyayı da kapsayan daha adil ve sürdürülebilir bir siyasi gelecek düşünmenin bir koşulu olduğu vurgulanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Politik Ontoloji
• Yeni Ontolojiler
• Ontolojik Dönüş
• Spekülatif Gerçekçilik
• Yeni Materyalizm

Kaynakça

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