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КЫРГЫЗСКИЙ ГЕРОИЧЕСКИЙ ЭПОС «МАНАС» В БИЛОВОЙ АКАДЕМИЧЕСКОЙ СЕРИИ «ЭПОС НАРОДОВ СССР»

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 35 - 52, 25.04.2018

Öz

В статье кратко охарактеризована история
фиксации, публикации, исследования фольклора разных народов, входивших в состав
Российской империи, не только славянских, но и тюркоязычных, монголоязычных,
финно-угорских, многочисленных народов Кавказа, Сибири, Крайнего Севера и
Дальнего Востока. Эта традиция была продолжена в первой половине ХХ века, после
того, как в разных республиках Советского Союза в начале 30-х годов были
созданы научно-исследовательские институты, щедро финансировавшиеся
государством. Сотрудники этих институтов систематически проводили фольклорные
экспедиции для сбора произведений разных жанров фольклора — они составили
бесценные фольклорные архивы. Этот тезис в статье наглядно иллюстрирует краткая
характеристика истории собирания, хранения, публикации и изучения героического
эпоса, созданного гением киргизского народа — эпоса «Манас».

В 40–50-е гг. в Советском Союзе ряд
эпических памятников — прежде всего киргизский эпос «Манас» — стал получать в
научной среде и в периодической печати вульгарно-социологическое толкование.

В 60-е годы ХХ века началась
«реабилитация» таких памятников — был проведен ряд научных конференций,
организованных Академией наук СССР, давших этим памятникам объективную научную
оценку.







Одним из первых в эпическое наследие
народов СССР вернулся киргизский эпос «Манас». Ему была посвящена первая
научная конференция фольклористов страны, проходившая в 1952 г. в столице Киргизии
городе Фрунзе (ныне — Бишкек). Вскоре была создана научная двуязычная
академическая серия «Эпос народов СССР», в рамках которой и было опубликовано
издание эпоса «Манас» в четырех томах.

Kaynakça

  • Botojarov K. Anglijskoje izdanije eposa “Manas” (Tekstologicheskije aspekty) // Folklor. Poetyka i tradicija. M.: Nauka, 1982. S. 128-142.
  • Botojarov K. English edition of the epic "Manas" (Textual aspects) // Folklore. Poetry and tradition. M.: Science, 1982. P. 128-142.
  • Manas. M.: Gl. red. vost. lit-ry, 1984-1995. Kn. 1-4.
  • Manas. M.: Chief ed. of east. lit. 1984-1995. Book 1-4.
  • Manas. Kirgizskij geroicheskij epos. Sost. i podgot. teksta A.S. Sadykov i dr. Per. Mirdabaleevoj i dr. Redkol. A.S. Sadykov i dr. M.: Gl. red. vost. lit-ry, 1984. Kn. 1. 543 s.
  • Manas. Kyrgyz heroic epic. Comp. a. prep. of text B.M. Unusaliev a. other. Transl. A.S. Mirbadaleeva a.o. Eitorial board A.S. Sadykov a.o. M.: Ch. ed. of east. liter., 1984. Book 1. 543 s.
  • Manas. Kirgizskij geroicheskij epos. Tekst podg. B.M. Unusalijev i dr. Per. i komm. A.S. Mirbadaleevoj i dr. Redkol. A. Sadykov i dr. M.: Gl. red. vost. lit-ry, 1988. Kn. 2. 686 s.
  • Manas. Kyrgyz heroic epic. Prep. of text B.M. Unusalijev a.o. Transl. a. comment A.S. Mirbadaleeva a.o. Eitorial board A.S. Sadykov a.o. M.: Ch. ed. of east. liter., 1988. Book 2. 686 s.
  • Manas. Kirgizskij geroicheskij epos. Sost. i podgot. teksta B.M. Unusalieva i dr. Per. A.S. Mirbadaleevoj i dr. Komm. i pojasn. slovar’ A.S. Mirbadaleevoj i dr. M.: Nasledije, 1990. Kn. 3. 510 s.
  • Manas. Kyrgyz heroic epic. Comp. a. prep. of text B.M. Unusaliev a.o. Transl. A.S. Mirbadaleeva a.o. M.: Heritage, 1990. Book 3. 510 s.
  • Manas. Kirgizskij geroicheskij epos. Sost. i podgot. teksta B.M. Unusalijeva i dr. Per. A.S. Mirbadaleevoj i dr. Redkol. A.A. Akmatalijev i dr. M.: Nasledije, 1995. 766 s.
  • Manas. Kyrgyz heroic epic. Comp. a. prep. of text B.M. Unusaliev a.o. Transl. A.S. Mirbadaleeva a.o. Edit. board A.A. Akmataliev a.o. M.: Heritage, 1995. 766 s.
  • Musajev S.M. Problemy nauchnoj publikaciji tekstov “Manasa” // Folklor. Izdanije eposa. M.: 1974. S. 220-231.
  • Musajev S.M. Problems of scientific publication of “Manas” ’s texts // Folklore. Publication of epos. M., 1974. S. 220-231.
  • Petrosjan A.A. Izuchenije problem natsionalnoj literatury i fol’klora narodov SSSR. // Izvestija AN SSSR. Otdelenije literatury i jazyka. M.: Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1958. T. XVIII. Is. 2. S. 168-178.
  • Petrosjan A.A. The investigation of national literature’s and folklore problems of people in USSR // News of Academy of Sciences of SSSR. The branch of literature and language. M.: Publish. house of Acad. of science SSSR, 1958. V. XVIII. Is. 2. S. 168-178.
  • Unusaliev B.M. Ob opyte sozdanija svodnogo varianta eposa “Manas” // Voprosy izuchenija eposa narodov SSSR. Kirgizskij geroicheskij epos “Manas”. M.: Izd. AN SSSR, 1961. S. 282-298.
  • Unusaliev B.M. About the experience of creation of summary variant of the epos "Manas" // Questions of study the USSR people’s epic. Kyrgyz heroic epic "Manas". M.: Publ. house of AN SSSR, 1961. S. 282-298.
  • Bowra C.M. Heroic poetry. London, 1953.
  • Chadwick H.M. & Chadwick N.K. The Growth of Literature. Cambridge, 1940. Vol. III.
  • Hatto A.T. Almambet, Er Kökçö and Ak Erkeš. An Episode from the Kirgiz heroic cycle of Manas // Central Asiatic Journal. Wiesbaden, 1969. XIII.
  • Hatto A.T. The Birth of Manas. A confrontation of two branches of heroic epic poetry in Kirgiz // Asia Maior. London, 1969. Vol. XIV. Part 2.
  • Hatto A.T. The Kirgiz original of Kökötay found // Bull of the Oriental and African Studies University of London. 1971. Vol. 34. P. 2.
  • Hatto A.T. Köz-Kaman // Central Asiatic Journal. 1971. Part I (XIV); 1972. Part II (XV).
  • Hatto A.T. Semetéy // Asia Major. 1973. Part I (XVIII); 1974. Part II (XIX).
  • Hatto A. The memorial feast for Kökötöydün aši). A Kirgiz Epic poem. Edited for first time from a photocopy of the unique manuscript with translation and commentary by A.T. Hatto. Oxford University Press. London, 1974.
  • Proben der Volksliteratur der Türkischen Stämme Süd-Sibiriens und Übersetzt von Dr. V. Radloff. Spb., 1886. T. 1.
  • Reichl K. Turkic oral epic poetry. Traditions, Forms, Poetic, Structure. New-York — London, 1992.

KYRGYZ HEROIC EPIC "MANAS" IN A BILINGUAL ACADEMIC SERIES "THE EPIC OF THE PEOPLES OF THE USSR"

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 35 - 52, 25.04.2018

Öz

The article
briefly describes the history of fixation, publication and research of folklore
of different peoples who were part of the Russian Empire, not only Slavic, but
also Turkic, Mongolian, Finno-Ugric, numerous peoples of the Caucasus, Siberia,
the Far North and the Far East. This tradition was continued in the first half
of the twentieth century, after the establishment of research institutes in
various republics of the Soviet Union in the early 1930s, generously financed
by the state. Employees of these institutions systematically conducted folklore
expeditions to collect works of different genres of folklore — they made
invaluable folklore archives. This thesis in the article clearly illustrates
the brief characteristics of the history of collecting, storing, publishing and
studying the heroic epic created by the genius of the Kyrgyz people — the epic
"Manas".

In 40-50-ies in
the Soviet Union a series of epic monuments — first of all, the Kyrgyz epic
"Manas" — began to get in the scientific community and in the
periodicals of the vulgar-sociological interpretation.

In the 60s of the
twentieth century began the "rehabilitation" of such monuments — was
held a number of scientific conferences organized by the Academy of Sciences of
the USSR, giving these monuments an objective scientific assessment.

One of the first
in the epic heritage of the peoples of the USSR returned Kyrgyz epic "Manas".
It was dedicated to the first scientific conference of the country's folklore,
held in 1952 in
the Kyrgyz capital city of Frunze (now Bishkek).









Soon a bilingual
academic scientific series "the Epic of the peoples of the USSR" was
created, in which the publication of the epic "Manas" in four volumes
was published.

Kaynakça

  • Botojarov K. Anglijskoje izdanije eposa “Manas” (Tekstologicheskije aspekty) // Folklor. Poetyka i tradicija. M.: Nauka, 1982. S. 128-142.
  • Botojarov K. English edition of the epic "Manas" (Textual aspects) // Folklore. Poetry and tradition. M.: Science, 1982. P. 128-142.
  • Manas. M.: Gl. red. vost. lit-ry, 1984-1995. Kn. 1-4.
  • Manas. M.: Chief ed. of east. lit. 1984-1995. Book 1-4.
  • Manas. Kirgizskij geroicheskij epos. Sost. i podgot. teksta A.S. Sadykov i dr. Per. Mirdabaleevoj i dr. Redkol. A.S. Sadykov i dr. M.: Gl. red. vost. lit-ry, 1984. Kn. 1. 543 s.
  • Manas. Kyrgyz heroic epic. Comp. a. prep. of text B.M. Unusaliev a. other. Transl. A.S. Mirbadaleeva a.o. Eitorial board A.S. Sadykov a.o. M.: Ch. ed. of east. liter., 1984. Book 1. 543 s.
  • Manas. Kirgizskij geroicheskij epos. Tekst podg. B.M. Unusalijev i dr. Per. i komm. A.S. Mirbadaleevoj i dr. Redkol. A. Sadykov i dr. M.: Gl. red. vost. lit-ry, 1988. Kn. 2. 686 s.
  • Manas. Kyrgyz heroic epic. Prep. of text B.M. Unusalijev a.o. Transl. a. comment A.S. Mirbadaleeva a.o. Eitorial board A.S. Sadykov a.o. M.: Ch. ed. of east. liter., 1988. Book 2. 686 s.
  • Manas. Kirgizskij geroicheskij epos. Sost. i podgot. teksta B.M. Unusalieva i dr. Per. A.S. Mirbadaleevoj i dr. Komm. i pojasn. slovar’ A.S. Mirbadaleevoj i dr. M.: Nasledije, 1990. Kn. 3. 510 s.
  • Manas. Kyrgyz heroic epic. Comp. a. prep. of text B.M. Unusaliev a.o. Transl. A.S. Mirbadaleeva a.o. M.: Heritage, 1990. Book 3. 510 s.
  • Manas. Kirgizskij geroicheskij epos. Sost. i podgot. teksta B.M. Unusalijeva i dr. Per. A.S. Mirbadaleevoj i dr. Redkol. A.A. Akmatalijev i dr. M.: Nasledije, 1995. 766 s.
  • Manas. Kyrgyz heroic epic. Comp. a. prep. of text B.M. Unusaliev a.o. Transl. A.S. Mirbadaleeva a.o. Edit. board A.A. Akmataliev a.o. M.: Heritage, 1995. 766 s.
  • Musajev S.M. Problemy nauchnoj publikaciji tekstov “Manasa” // Folklor. Izdanije eposa. M.: 1974. S. 220-231.
  • Musajev S.M. Problems of scientific publication of “Manas” ’s texts // Folklore. Publication of epos. M., 1974. S. 220-231.
  • Petrosjan A.A. Izuchenije problem natsionalnoj literatury i fol’klora narodov SSSR. // Izvestija AN SSSR. Otdelenije literatury i jazyka. M.: Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1958. T. XVIII. Is. 2. S. 168-178.
  • Petrosjan A.A. The investigation of national literature’s and folklore problems of people in USSR // News of Academy of Sciences of SSSR. The branch of literature and language. M.: Publish. house of Acad. of science SSSR, 1958. V. XVIII. Is. 2. S. 168-178.
  • Unusaliev B.M. Ob opyte sozdanija svodnogo varianta eposa “Manas” // Voprosy izuchenija eposa narodov SSSR. Kirgizskij geroicheskij epos “Manas”. M.: Izd. AN SSSR, 1961. S. 282-298.
  • Unusaliev B.M. About the experience of creation of summary variant of the epos "Manas" // Questions of study the USSR people’s epic. Kyrgyz heroic epic "Manas". M.: Publ. house of AN SSSR, 1961. S. 282-298.
  • Bowra C.M. Heroic poetry. London, 1953.
  • Chadwick H.M. & Chadwick N.K. The Growth of Literature. Cambridge, 1940. Vol. III.
  • Hatto A.T. Almambet, Er Kökçö and Ak Erkeš. An Episode from the Kirgiz heroic cycle of Manas // Central Asiatic Journal. Wiesbaden, 1969. XIII.
  • Hatto A.T. The Birth of Manas. A confrontation of two branches of heroic epic poetry in Kirgiz // Asia Maior. London, 1969. Vol. XIV. Part 2.
  • Hatto A.T. The Kirgiz original of Kökötay found // Bull of the Oriental and African Studies University of London. 1971. Vol. 34. P. 2.
  • Hatto A.T. Köz-Kaman // Central Asiatic Journal. 1971. Part I (XIV); 1972. Part II (XV).
  • Hatto A.T. Semetéy // Asia Major. 1973. Part I (XVIII); 1974. Part II (XIX).
  • Hatto A. The memorial feast for Kökötöydün aši). A Kirgiz Epic poem. Edited for first time from a photocopy of the unique manuscript with translation and commentary by A.T. Hatto. Oxford University Press. London, 1974.
  • Proben der Volksliteratur der Türkischen Stämme Süd-Sibiriens und Übersetzt von Dr. V. Radloff. Spb., 1886. T. 1.
  • Reichl K. Turkic oral epic poetry. Traditions, Forms, Poetic, Structure. New-York — London, 1992.

KIRGIZ KAHRAMANLIK DESTANI “MANAS”IN İKİDİLLİ AKADEMİK SERİSİ “SSCB HALKLARININ DESTANLARI

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 35 - 52, 25.04.2018

Öz

Makale, sadece Slavları değil, aynı zamanda Türk, Moğol, Fin

Sibirya, Uzak Kuzey, Uzak Doğu’nun ve Rus İmparatorluğu'nun bir parçası olan farklı

halkların folklorunun tespiti, yayın ve araştırma tarihini kıs

yirminci yüzyılın ilk yarısında, Sovyetler Birliği'nin çeşitli cumhuriyetlerinde 1930'ların

başlarında devlet tarafından cömertçe finanse edilen araştırma enstitülerinin

kurulmasından sonra devam etti. Bu kurumların çalışanla

eserleri toplamak için folklor keşiflerini sistemli bir şekilde yürüttüler ve paha biçilemez

folklor arşivleri yaptılar. Makaledeki bu tez, Kırgız halkının dâhice yazmış olduğu Manas

Destanı’nın toplanması, saklanması, yayınlanması ve okunmasının tarihini kısa özellikleri

ile açıkça göstermektedir.

Sovyetler Birliği'ndeki 40-50'li yıllarda bir dizi destanın derlenmesi ile her şeyden

önce Kırgız destanı “Manas”ın bilimsel olarak ele alınması ve sosyolojik yorumların

periyodik olarak incelenmesine başlandı.

60’lı yıllarda “bu tür anıtsal eserlerin rehabilitasyonu” başlamış, SSCB Bilimler

Akademisi tarafından düzenlenen bir dizi bilimsel konferans gerçekleştirilmiş ve bu eserlere

nesnel bir bilimsel değerlendirme yapılmıştır.

SSCB halklarının epik mirasındaki ilklerden biri Kırgız destanı “Manas”ın geri

getirilmesidir. Manas destanı 1952'de Kırgızistan'ın başkenti Frunze'de (şimdi Bişkek)

düzenlenen ülke folklorunun ilk bilimsel konferansına adanmıştı.

Sonrasında dört ciltlik Manas Destanı’nın yayınlandığı iki dilli bir akademik

bilimsel dizi “SSCB halklarının Destanı” olarak yaratıldı.

Kaynakça

  • Botojarov K. Anglijskoje izdanije eposa “Manas” (Tekstologicheskije aspekty) // Folklor. Poetyka i tradicija. M.: Nauka, 1982. S. 128-142.
  • Botojarov K. English edition of the epic "Manas" (Textual aspects) // Folklore. Poetry and tradition. M.: Science, 1982. P. 128-142.
  • Manas. M.: Gl. red. vost. lit-ry, 1984-1995. Kn. 1-4.
  • Manas. M.: Chief ed. of east. lit. 1984-1995. Book 1-4.
  • Manas. Kirgizskij geroicheskij epos. Sost. i podgot. teksta A.S. Sadykov i dr. Per. Mirdabaleevoj i dr. Redkol. A.S. Sadykov i dr. M.: Gl. red. vost. lit-ry, 1984. Kn. 1. 543 s.
  • Manas. Kyrgyz heroic epic. Comp. a. prep. of text B.M. Unusaliev a. other. Transl. A.S. Mirbadaleeva a.o. Eitorial board A.S. Sadykov a.o. M.: Ch. ed. of east. liter., 1984. Book 1. 543 s.
  • Manas. Kirgizskij geroicheskij epos. Tekst podg. B.M. Unusalijev i dr. Per. i komm. A.S. Mirbadaleevoj i dr. Redkol. A. Sadykov i dr. M.: Gl. red. vost. lit-ry, 1988. Kn. 2. 686 s.
  • Manas. Kyrgyz heroic epic. Prep. of text B.M. Unusalijev a.o. Transl. a. comment A.S. Mirbadaleeva a.o. Eitorial board A.S. Sadykov a.o. M.: Ch. ed. of east. liter., 1988. Book 2. 686 s.
  • Manas. Kirgizskij geroicheskij epos. Sost. i podgot. teksta B.M. Unusalieva i dr. Per. A.S. Mirbadaleevoj i dr. Komm. i pojasn. slovar’ A.S. Mirbadaleevoj i dr. M.: Nasledije, 1990. Kn. 3. 510 s.
  • Manas. Kyrgyz heroic epic. Comp. a. prep. of text B.M. Unusaliev a.o. Transl. A.S. Mirbadaleeva a.o. M.: Heritage, 1990. Book 3. 510 s.
  • Manas. Kirgizskij geroicheskij epos. Sost. i podgot. teksta B.M. Unusalijeva i dr. Per. A.S. Mirbadaleevoj i dr. Redkol. A.A. Akmatalijev i dr. M.: Nasledije, 1995. 766 s.
  • Manas. Kyrgyz heroic epic. Comp. a. prep. of text B.M. Unusaliev a.o. Transl. A.S. Mirbadaleeva a.o. Edit. board A.A. Akmataliev a.o. M.: Heritage, 1995. 766 s.
  • Musajev S.M. Problemy nauchnoj publikaciji tekstov “Manasa” // Folklor. Izdanije eposa. M.: 1974. S. 220-231.
  • Musajev S.M. Problems of scientific publication of “Manas” ’s texts // Folklore. Publication of epos. M., 1974. S. 220-231.
  • Petrosjan A.A. Izuchenije problem natsionalnoj literatury i fol’klora narodov SSSR. // Izvestija AN SSSR. Otdelenije literatury i jazyka. M.: Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1958. T. XVIII. Is. 2. S. 168-178.
  • Petrosjan A.A. The investigation of national literature’s and folklore problems of people in USSR // News of Academy of Sciences of SSSR. The branch of literature and language. M.: Publish. house of Acad. of science SSSR, 1958. V. XVIII. Is. 2. S. 168-178.
  • Unusaliev B.M. Ob opyte sozdanija svodnogo varianta eposa “Manas” // Voprosy izuchenija eposa narodov SSSR. Kirgizskij geroicheskij epos “Manas”. M.: Izd. AN SSSR, 1961. S. 282-298.
  • Unusaliev B.M. About the experience of creation of summary variant of the epos "Manas" // Questions of study the USSR people’s epic. Kyrgyz heroic epic "Manas". M.: Publ. house of AN SSSR, 1961. S. 282-298.
  • Bowra C.M. Heroic poetry. London, 1953.
  • Chadwick H.M. & Chadwick N.K. The Growth of Literature. Cambridge, 1940. Vol. III.
  • Hatto A.T. Almambet, Er Kökçö and Ak Erkeš. An Episode from the Kirgiz heroic cycle of Manas // Central Asiatic Journal. Wiesbaden, 1969. XIII.
  • Hatto A.T. The Birth of Manas. A confrontation of two branches of heroic epic poetry in Kirgiz // Asia Maior. London, 1969. Vol. XIV. Part 2.
  • Hatto A.T. The Kirgiz original of Kökötay found // Bull of the Oriental and African Studies University of London. 1971. Vol. 34. P. 2.
  • Hatto A.T. Köz-Kaman // Central Asiatic Journal. 1971. Part I (XIV); 1972. Part II (XV).
  • Hatto A.T. Semetéy // Asia Major. 1973. Part I (XVIII); 1974. Part II (XIX).
  • Hatto A. The memorial feast for Kökötöydün aši). A Kirgiz Epic poem. Edited for first time from a photocopy of the unique manuscript with translation and commentary by A.T. Hatto. Oxford University Press. London, 1974.
  • Proben der Volksliteratur der Türkischen Stämme Süd-Sibiriens und Übersetzt von Dr. V. Radloff. Spb., 1886. T. 1.
  • Reichl K. Turkic oral epic poetry. Traditions, Forms, Poetic, Structure. New-York — London, 1992.
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Rusça
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Alla Alieva

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Nisan 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Alieva, A. (2018). КЫРГЫЗСКИЙ ГЕРОИЧЕСКИЙ ЭПОС «МАНАС» В БИЛОВОЙ АКАДЕМИЧЕСКОЙ СЕРИИ «ЭПОС НАРОДОВ СССР». Folklor Akademi Dergisi, 1(1), 35-52.