Türkiye’de Yaratıcı Sınıfın Coğrafi Durumunu Etkileyen Faktörler Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Yıl 2017, Sayı: 623, 35 - 50, 01.01.2017

Habibe Günsel Doğrul Mediha Mine Çelikkol

Öz

Birçok ülkede bölgeler arasındaki gelişmişlik farkları, ülkenin kalkınmasına engel teşkil etmektedir. Bölgenin ya da ilin sahip olduğu beşeri sermaye, gelişmişlik farklılığını yaratan kaynaklardan biri olarak görülmektedir. Beşeri sermaye kavramı içinde yerini bulan yaratıcı sınıfın etkisi de günümüzün tartışma konularından biri haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de sözleşmeli çalışanlar arasında yer alan ve mesleğe göre gruplandırılmış yaratıcı sınıfın, ülke genelindeki coğrafi dağılımı incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, iller arasında yaratıcı sınıfın coğrafi dağılımını etkilediği düşünülen birincil öneme sahip faktörlerin etkisi sınanmıştır. Bulgular, yaratıcı sınıfın istihdamdaki payının büyük illerde yüksek iken küçük illerde önemli ölçüde düşük kaldığını göstermektedir. İldeki istihdam fırsatlarının yaratıcı sınıfın coğrafi dağılımını açıklamada diğer faktörlere göre daha büyük bir öneme sahip olduğu sonucuna varılabilir. Bununla birlikte, ilin hoşgörü düzeyini temsil ettiği düşünülen bohemlerin varlığı, kamu sağlığı hizmetlerine ulaşılabilirliğin ve sivil katılımın yüksekliğinin de yaratıcı sınıfın coğrafi dağılımını açıklayan diğer önemli faktörler olduğu söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Beşeri Sermaye, Yaratıcı Sınıf, Bölgesel Ekonomik Gelişmişlik, İstihdam

A Study on the Factors Affecting the Geographical Situation of the Creative Class in Turkey

Öz

Regional disparities in many countries constitute barriers to the development of the countries. The region’s human capital is seen as one of the sources that creates regional disparities. Today, the impact of the creative class which is considered within the concept of human capital has become one of the topics of discussion. In this study, the geographical distribution of people in creative occupations in Turkey are investigated. In addition, the effects of primary factors which are thought to affect the geographic distribution of creative class are tested. The findings show that the employment share of creative class as well as employed bohemians is considerably high in larger cities, but low in smaller places and underdeveloped regions. We have reached the conclusion that regional employment opportunities seem to play an important role in geographical distribution of creative people. However, it can be argued that high presence of employed bohemians (which is a representative of the tolerance level of the city) and high availability of health as well as civil engagement are other important factors explaining the distribution of creative class.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Human Capital, Creative Class, Regional Economic Development, Employment

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