Evaluating the Rise of the People’s Republic of China in the International Economic Order and the Global Objectives of the Belt and Road Initiative

Öz

With its economic development programs and implemented projects, the People’s Republic of China has emerged as the country with the most influences and shapes the global system of the 21st century. Its most significant initiative in terms of economic scale has been the Belt and Road Initiative, which possesses a geopolitical network. Implemented within the framework of the international economic system established after the Second World War and China’s economic reforms, the Belt and Road Initiative has demonstrated the People’s Republic of China’s capacity to shape the global economy. For this reason, the Belt and Road Initiative, announced in 2013, has resonated throughout the entire global system over the past thirteen years. Considered to align with the global objectives of the People’s Republic of China, the Initiative has found stakeholders across all continents over the years. The increase in partnerships provided by the Initiative’s geopolitical connections has contributed to the growth of its economic scale. This study aims to identify the global objectives of the Belt and Road Initiative, a global development project. In doing so, it first seeks to contextualize the international economic system that emerged after the Second World War and to understand China’s position within this system. This is important because determining the global objectives of the Belt and Road Initiative is essential for understanding the long-term goals of the People’s Republic of China. The study concludes that the contributions provided by the Belt and Road Initiative play a significant role in realizing the long-term economic objectives of the People’s Republic of China.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Belt and Road Initiative
• People’s Republic of China
• Global Objectives
• International Economic Order
• International System
• Geopolitics

Uluslararası Ekonomik Düzende Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin Yükselişini ve Kuşak ve Yol Projesi’nin Küresel Hedeflerini Değerlendirmek

Öz

Ekonomik kalkınma programları ve hayata geçirdiği projeleriyle Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti, 21. Yüzyılın küresel sistemi en çok etkileyen ve şekillendiren ülkesi olarak belirmiştir. Ekonomik büyüklük bakımından hayata geçirdiği en önemli girişimi ise jeopolitik ağı bulunan Kuşak ve Yol Projesi olmuştur. İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrası yerleşen uluslararası ekonomik sistemin dahilinde ve Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin ekonomi reformları kapsamında hayata geçirilen Kuşak ve Yol Projesi, Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin küresel ekonomiyi şekillendirmeye muktedir olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu nedenle 2013 yılında ilan edilen Kuşak ve Yol Projesi, üzerinden geçen on üç senede tüm küresel sistemde yankı uyandırmıştır. Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin küresel hedefleriyle örtüştüğü kabul edilen Kuşak ve Yol Projesi, yıllar içerisinde dünyanın tüm kıtalarında paydaş bulmuştur. Jeopolitik bağlantılar sunan Proje’nin yıllar içerisinde ortaklıklarının artması ekonomik büyüklüğünün artmasını sağlamıştır. Çalışma, küresel bir kalkınma projesi olan Kuşak ve Yol Projesi’nin küresel hedeflerini belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bunu yaparken öncelikle İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrası ortaya çıkan uluslararası ekonomik sistemi ve Çin’in söz konusu sistem içerisindeki yerini anlamlandırmayı hedeflemektedir. Çünkü Kuşak ve Yol Projesi’nin küresel hedeflerinin belirlenmesi Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin uzun vadeli hedeflerinin anlamlandırılması bakımından önem arz etmektedir. Çalışma sonucunda Kuşak ve Yol Projesi’nin sağladığı katkıların Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin uzun vadeli ekonomik hedeflerini gerçekleştirmede büyük bir paya sahip olduğu anlaşılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kuşak ve Yol Projesi
• Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti
• Küresel Hedefler
• Uluslararası Ekonomik Düzen
• Uluslararası Sistem
• Jeopolitik

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