Hesaplamalı Akışkanlar Dinamiği Yöntemi Kullanarak Üç Kanatlı Helisel Savonius Rüzgâr Türbinlerinin Aerodinamik Performansına Faz Açısı Etkisinin Araştırılması

Öz

Bu çalışmada dikey eksenli rüzgâr türbinlerinden üç kanatlı çift kademeli helisel Savonius rüzgâr türbinlerinin (HSRT) kademeler arasındaki yarı dairesel kanatların birbirlerine olan faz açısının aerodinamik performansına olan etkisi hesaplamalı akışkanlar dinamiği (HAD) yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Savonius rüzgâr türbini sisteminde aerodinamik performansa en ciddi katkıyı sürüklenme kuvveti etkisi sağlar. Sürüklenme kuvvetine etki edebilecek performans iyileştirmeleri önemli avantajlar sağlayabilir. Bu amaç için merkezden kaçıklığı L/H=1/2 olan ve kademeler arasındaki yarı dairesel kanatların faz açıları Ɵ=0°, 45° ve 90° olan üç kanatlı çift kademeli helisel Savonius rotorları tasarlanmıştır. Tasarımlar için Solidworks R2018, analizler için ANSYS-Fluent 18.1 programları kullanılmıştır. L/H=1/2 ve Ɵ=90° olan türbin 3B yazıcıda üretilmiş ve deneysel olarak test edilmiştir. Deneyler T-490 hava tünelinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar sayısal analizlere referans olarak kullanılmış ve en ideal türbin modeli belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Sayısal analizde 3,83-20,35 m/s arasında değişen 10 farklı hava hızı kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak HSRT 1/2’lerde; faz açısının 0°’den, 45°’ye değiştirilmesi ile sürüklenme kuvvetinde %11,64 oranında artış görülmüştür. HSRT 1/2’lerde; faz açısının 0°’den, 45°’ye değiştirilmesi ile sürüklenme katsayısında %10,77 oranında düşüş olduğu görülmüştür. Sürüklenme kuvvetinde meydana gelen iyileşme ile HSRT veriminde gelişme olacağı değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aerodinamik özellikler
• Faz açısı
• Rüzgâr türbini
• Hesaplamalı akışkanlar dinamiği
• Sürüklenme kuvveti

Investigation of The Effect of Phase Angle on The Aerodynamic Performance of Three-Bladed Helical Savonius Wind Turbines Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Method

Abstract

In this study, the effect of the phase angle of the semicircular blades between the stages on the aerodynamic performance of the three-blade, double-stage helical Savonius wind turbines (HSWT), which are vertical axis wind turbines, was examined by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. In the Savonius wind turbine system, the drag force effect provides the most significant contribution to aerodynamic performance. Performance improvements that can affect drag force can provide significant advantages. For this purpose, three-bladed double-stage helical Savonius rotors with eccentricity L/H=1/2 and phase angles of the semicircular blades between the stages Ɵ=0°, 45° and 90° were designed. Solidworks R2018 is used for designs and ANSYS-Fluent 18.1 programs are used for analysis. The turbine with L/H=1/2 and Ɵ=90° was produced on a 3D printer and tested experimentally. Experiments were carried out in the T-490 air tunnel. The results obtained were used as a reference for numerical analysis and the ideal turbine model was tried to be determined. 10 different air velocities ranging between 3.83-20.35 m/s were used in the numerical analysis. As a result, an 11.64% increase in the drag force was observed by changing the phase angle from 0° to 45° in HSWT 1/2s. By changing the phase angle from 0° to 45° in HSWT 1/2s, a 10.77% rise in the drag coefficient was observed. It has been evaluated that the HSWT efficiency improved with the increment in drag force.

Keywords

• Aerodynamic properties
• Computational fluids Dynamics
• Drag force
• Numerical analysis
• Phase angle
• Wind turbine

Kaynakça

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