Araştırma Makalesi

Flood Discharge Estimation in Ungauged Basins Using Synthetic Unit Hydrographs and GIS

Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2 26 Haziran 2025
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Flood Discharge Estimation in Ungauged Basins Using Synthetic Unit Hydrographs and GIS

Öz

Flooding refers to the adverse effects caused by rivers overflowing their banks due to various reasons, affecting surrounding land, residential areas, and infrastructure. At the watershed scale, particularly in cases where flow monitoring stations are absent, hydrographs must be generated to analyze rainfall-runoff relationships for flood assessments. This study aims to generate synthetic hydrographs, analyze rainfall-runoff relationships, and estimate flood discharges for different return periods in a predominantly forested sub-watershed located in the Sarıyer district of Istanbul. The study analyzed extreme rainfall by calculating 24-hour maximum values for return periods of 2 to 100 years using four common probability distribution functions: Normal, Log-Normal, Log-Pearson Type III, and Gumbel. Among these methods, Log-Pearson Type III yielded higher rainfall values, and given the extreme nature of floods, it was preferred for discharge calculations. In the second stage of the study, flood hydrographs specific to the watershed were generated for different return periods using the DSI, Mockus, and Snyder unit hydrograph methods, incorporating watershed physical characteristics and dimensionless unit hydrograph coordinates. The results indicated that the DSI and Mockus methods produced similar and higher peak discharge values (Qₘₐₓ = 67.44 and 63.76 m³/s, T=100 years), whereas the Snyder method resulted in lower peak discharge (Qₘₐₓ = 32.17 m³/s for T = 100 years) but a longer hydrograph duration. Overall, it was concluded that the DSI and Mockus methods are more suitable for flood analysis in forested and relatively small watersheds (≈10 km²) due to their effectiveness in generating hydrographs for flood assessments. This study contributes to the literature by offering a comparative evaluation of three widely used synthetic unit hydrograph methods, specifically tailored for a forest-dominated ungauged basin in an urbanizing region of Istanbul, providing actionable insights for flood estimation in data-scarce, forested urban catchments.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Etik Beyan

There is no need to obtain ethics committee permission for the prepared article. There is no conflict of interest with any person/institution in the prepared article.

Kaynakça

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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

İnşaat Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

26 Haziran 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

24 Şubat 2025

Kabul Tarihi

22 Nisan 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA
Kesgin, E. (2025). Flood Discharge Estimation in Ungauged Basins Using Synthetic Unit Hydrographs and GIS. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering, 4(2), 375-392. https://doi.org/10.62520/fujece.1645774
AMA
1.Kesgin E. Flood Discharge Estimation in Ungauged Basins Using Synthetic Unit Hydrographs and GIS. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering. 2025;4(2):375-392. doi:10.62520/fujece.1645774
Chicago
Kesgin, Erdal. 2025. “Flood Discharge Estimation in Ungauged Basins Using Synthetic Unit Hydrographs and GIS”. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering 4 (2): 375-92. https://doi.org/10.62520/fujece.1645774.
EndNote
Kesgin E (01 Haziran 2025) Flood Discharge Estimation in Ungauged Basins Using Synthetic Unit Hydrographs and GIS. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering 4 2 375–392.
IEEE
[1]E. Kesgin, “Flood Discharge Estimation in Ungauged Basins Using Synthetic Unit Hydrographs and GIS”, Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering, c. 4, sy 2, ss. 375–392, Haz. 2025, doi: 10.62520/fujece.1645774.
ISNAD
Kesgin, Erdal. “Flood Discharge Estimation in Ungauged Basins Using Synthetic Unit Hydrographs and GIS”. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering 4/2 (01 Haziran 2025): 375-392. https://doi.org/10.62520/fujece.1645774.
JAMA
1.Kesgin E. Flood Discharge Estimation in Ungauged Basins Using Synthetic Unit Hydrographs and GIS. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering. 2025;4:375–392.
MLA
Kesgin, Erdal. “Flood Discharge Estimation in Ungauged Basins Using Synthetic Unit Hydrographs and GIS”. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering, c. 4, sy 2, Haziran 2025, ss. 375-92, doi:10.62520/fujece.1645774.
Vancouver
1.Erdal Kesgin. Flood Discharge Estimation in Ungauged Basins Using Synthetic Unit Hydrographs and GIS. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering. 01 Haziran 2025;4(2):375-92. doi:10.62520/fujece.1645774

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