Araştırma Makalesi

Time Frame Adaptive Arbitrage: Optimizing Pairs Trading Performance with Dynamic Signal Delays

Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1 28 Şubat 2026
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Time Frame Adaptive Arbitrage: Optimizing Pairs Trading Performance with Dynamic Signal Delays

Öz

This study enhances the classical z-score-based pairs trading strategy by introducing dynamic signal delay mechanisms to develop a time-adaptive approach to statistical arbitrage. Using Apple Inc. (AAPL) as a benchmark, 29 stock pairs from the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) index were analyzed to assess the impact of execution delays ranging from t+1 to t+5 on trading performance. Positions were opened and closed based on z-score signals derived from daily closing prices, where delayed execution aimed to reduce short-term market noise and optimize trade timing. Empirical results demonstrate that the proposed strategy achieved favorable performance, with 93.8% of the pairs generating positive returns and 89.7% attaining a Sharpe Ratio greater than 1.0. On average, the t+3 delay window yielded the most effective balance between risk and return, achieving a Sharpe Ratio of 2.371 and a cumulative return of 192.98%. Only 24.1% of the pairs performed best under immediate execution (t+0), highlighting the advantages of adaptive timing in arbitrage. Overall, the findings confirm that optimizing trade timing significantly enhances the profitability and stability of arbitrage models. The results provide empirical evidence supporting the potential of time-adaptive execution as a valuable improvement to traditional pairs trading frameworks.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destekleyen Kurum

TÜBİTAK tarafından 7230972 numaralı hibe kapsamında desteklenmiştir.

Proje Numarası

121E733

Etik Beyan

Hazırlanan makale için etik kurul onayı gerekmemektedir. Hazırlanan makalede herhangi bir kişi/kurumla çıkar çatışması bulunmamaktadır.

Kaynakça

  1. T. A. Hanson and J. Hall, “Statistical arbitrage trading strategies and high frequency trading,” SSRN, Art. no. 2147012, 2012.
  2. B. Zhan, S. Zhang, H. S. Du and X. Yang, “Exploring statistical arbitrage opportunities using machine learning strategy,” Comput. Econ., vol. 60, no. 3, pp. 861–882, 2022.
  3. E. Gatev, W. N. Goetzmann and K. G. Rouwenhorst, “Pairs trading: Performance of a relative-value arbitrage rule,” Rev. Financ. Stud., vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 797–827, 2006.
  4. [4] C. Krauss, “Statistical arbitrage pairs trading strategies: Review and outlook,” J. Econ. Surv., vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 513–545, 2017.
  5. Y. W. Ti, T. S. Dai, K. L. Wang, H. H. Chang and Y. J. Sun, “Improving cointegration-based pairs trading strategy with asymptotic analyses and convergence rate filters,” Comput. Econ., vol. 64, no. 5, pp. 2717–2745, 2024.
  6. G. J. Miao, “High frequency and dynamic pairs trading based on statistical arbitrage using a two-stage correlation and cointegration approach,” Int. J. Econ. Finance, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 96–110, 2014.
  7. S. M. Sarmento and N. Horta, A Machine Learning Based Pairs Trading Investment Strategy. Berlin, Germany: Springer, 2020.
  8. X. Zhu, “Examining pairs trading profitability,” Yale Univ., New Haven, CT, USA, Senior Essay, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://economics.yale.edu/sites/default/files/2024-05/Zhu_Pairs_Trading.pdf. [Accessed: Aug. 26, 2025].

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Bilgisayar Yazılımı

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

28 Şubat 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

8 Temmuz 2025

Kabul Tarihi

10 Eylül 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA
Kanber, M., & Santur, Y. (2026). Time Frame Adaptive Arbitrage: Optimizing Pairs Trading Performance with Dynamic Signal Delays. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering, 5(1), 69-82. https://doi.org/10.62520/fujece.1737324
AMA
1.Kanber M, Santur Y. Time Frame Adaptive Arbitrage: Optimizing Pairs Trading Performance with Dynamic Signal Delays. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering. 2026;5(1):69-82. doi:10.62520/fujece.1737324
Chicago
Kanber, Mustafa, ve Yunus Santur. 2026. “Time Frame Adaptive Arbitrage: Optimizing Pairs Trading Performance with Dynamic Signal Delays”. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering 5 (1): 69-82. https://doi.org/10.62520/fujece.1737324.
EndNote
Kanber M, Santur Y (01 Şubat 2026) Time Frame Adaptive Arbitrage: Optimizing Pairs Trading Performance with Dynamic Signal Delays. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering 5 1 69–82.
IEEE
[1]M. Kanber ve Y. Santur, “Time Frame Adaptive Arbitrage: Optimizing Pairs Trading Performance with Dynamic Signal Delays”, Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering, c. 5, sy 1, ss. 69–82, Şub. 2026, doi: 10.62520/fujece.1737324.
ISNAD
Kanber, Mustafa - Santur, Yunus. “Time Frame Adaptive Arbitrage: Optimizing Pairs Trading Performance with Dynamic Signal Delays”. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering 5/1 (01 Şubat 2026): 69-82. https://doi.org/10.62520/fujece.1737324.
JAMA
1.Kanber M, Santur Y. Time Frame Adaptive Arbitrage: Optimizing Pairs Trading Performance with Dynamic Signal Delays. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering. 2026;5:69–82.
MLA
Kanber, Mustafa, ve Yunus Santur. “Time Frame Adaptive Arbitrage: Optimizing Pairs Trading Performance with Dynamic Signal Delays”. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering, c. 5, sy 1, Şubat 2026, ss. 69-82, doi:10.62520/fujece.1737324.
Vancouver
1.Mustafa Kanber, Yunus Santur. Time Frame Adaptive Arbitrage: Optimizing Pairs Trading Performance with Dynamic Signal Delays. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering. 01 Şubat 2026;5(1):69-82. doi:10.62520/fujece.1737324