Araştırma Makalesi

Investigation of Local Scour at Classical Contracted Rectangular Weir Downstream using CFD

Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1 28 Şubat 2026
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Investigation of Local Scour at Classical Contracted Rectangular Weir Downstream using CFD

Öz

The safety of hydraulic structures has social, economic, and environmental significance. To eliminate the damage induced by local scouring, either the scouring should be prevented entirely or the scouring depth should be minimized. This study numerically investigated the local scour that develops in the plunge pool downstream of high-head, classical contracted rectangular weirs operating under free overfall conditions. In the numerical analysis, a three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) model with a standard k–ε turbulence closure was implemented in Flow-3D®. The analyses were conducted for three unit flow rates (q=0.15, 0.30, and 0.60 m3/s m) and three drop heights (H=0.25, 0.50, and 1.00 m) to determine the maximum scouring depth. Furthermore, the water jet velocity and impingement angle were analyzed. The experimental results were utilized to test the accuracy of the numerical model. For all cases, about 90 % of the equilibrium scour depth was reached within the first 15–20 min, consistent with previous studies. According to the results, the equilibrium scour depth increased from approximately 0.16 m to 0.23 m when the unit discharge was raised. However, after a specific value of the head height, the effect on the depth of scouring is slightly reduced due to the increased air entrainment entering the downstream pool. Computed jet impact velocities ranged from about 2.0 to 4.9 m/s, with impact angles increasing up to ~82° as the drop height increased. The results of the numerical model are generally compatible with experimental studies. This study is original in that it provides a three-dimensional CFD-based assessment of local scour downstream of high-head weirs under free overfall conditions and proposes a practical approach to estimate long-term equilibrium scour depth and jet impact characteristics.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destekleyen Kurum

TÜBİTAK

Proje Numarası

TÜBİTAK 115M478

Etik Beyan

"Hazırlanan makalede herhangi bir kişi/kurumla çıkar çatışması bulunmamaktadır. Ayrıca, bu çalışma için etik kurul onayı gerekmemektedir."

Teşekkür

Bu araştırma, Erdinç İkincioğulları'nın doktora tezine [40] dayanmaktadır. Erdinç İkincioğulları'nın burslu öğrenci olarak katıldığı TÜBİTAK MAG115M478 projesi [30], bu çalışmada kullanılan Flow-3D yazılımını sağlamıştır. Katkılarından dolayı TÜBİTAK'a ve deneysel verilere katkılarından dolayı Dr. Mustafa TUNC'a teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

  1. O. R. Stein and P. Y. Julien, “Sediment concentration below free overfall,” J. Hydraul. Eng., vol. 120, no. 9, pp. 1043–1059, 1994.
  2. M. Ghodsian, B. Melville and D. Tajkarimi, “Local scour due to free overfall jet,” Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng. Water Manag., vol. 159, no. 4, pp. 253–260, 2006.
  3. S. Dey and R. V. Raikar, “Scour below a high vertical drop,” J. Hydraul. Eng., vol. 133, no. 5, pp. 564–568, 2007.
  4. M. Ghodsian, M. Mehraein and H. R. Ranjbar, “Local scour due to free fall jets in non-uniform sediment,” Sci. Iran., vol. 19, pp. 1437–1444, 2012.
  5. N. R. B. Olsen and M. C. Melaaen, “Three-dimensional calculation of scour around cylinders,” J. Hydraul. Eng., vol. 119, no. 9, pp. 1048–1054, 1993.
  6. B. Lin and R. A. Falconer, “Numerical modelling of three-dimensional suspended sediment for estuarine and coastal waters,” J. Hydraul. Res., vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 435–456, 1996.
  7. J. E. Richardson and V. G. Panchang, “Three-dimensional simulation of scour-inducing flow at bridge piers,” J. Hydraul. Eng., vol. 124, no. 5, pp. 530–540, 1998.
  8. W. Wu, W. Rodi and T. Wenka, “3D numerical modeling of flow and sediment transport in open channels,” J. Hydraul. Eng., vol. 126, no. 1, pp. 4–15, 2000.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

İnşaat Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

28 Şubat 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

16 Ekim 2025

Kabul Tarihi

1 Aralık 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA
İkincioğulları, E., Emiroğlu, M. E., & Aydın, M. C. (2026). Investigation of Local Scour at Classical Contracted Rectangular Weir Downstream using CFD. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering, 5(1), 231-249. https://doi.org/10.62520/fujece.1804990
AMA
1.İkincioğulları E, Emiroğlu ME, Aydın MC. Investigation of Local Scour at Classical Contracted Rectangular Weir Downstream using CFD. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering. 2026;5(1):231-249. doi:10.62520/fujece.1804990
Chicago
İkincioğulları, Erdinç, M. Emin Emiroğlu, ve Mehmet Cihan Aydın. 2026. “Investigation of Local Scour at Classical Contracted Rectangular Weir Downstream using CFD”. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering 5 (1): 231-49. https://doi.org/10.62520/fujece.1804990.
EndNote
İkincioğulları E, Emiroğlu ME, Aydın MC (01 Şubat 2026) Investigation of Local Scour at Classical Contracted Rectangular Weir Downstream using CFD. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering 5 1 231–249.
IEEE
[1]E. İkincioğulları, M. E. Emiroğlu, ve M. C. Aydın, “Investigation of Local Scour at Classical Contracted Rectangular Weir Downstream using CFD”, Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering, c. 5, sy 1, ss. 231–249, Şub. 2026, doi: 10.62520/fujece.1804990.
ISNAD
İkincioğulları, Erdinç - Emiroğlu, M. Emin - Aydın, Mehmet Cihan. “Investigation of Local Scour at Classical Contracted Rectangular Weir Downstream using CFD”. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering 5/1 (01 Şubat 2026): 231-249. https://doi.org/10.62520/fujece.1804990.
JAMA
1.İkincioğulları E, Emiroğlu ME, Aydın MC. Investigation of Local Scour at Classical Contracted Rectangular Weir Downstream using CFD. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering. 2026;5:231–249.
MLA
İkincioğulları, Erdinç, vd. “Investigation of Local Scour at Classical Contracted Rectangular Weir Downstream using CFD”. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering, c. 5, sy 1, Şubat 2026, ss. 231-49, doi:10.62520/fujece.1804990.
Vancouver
1.Erdinç İkincioğulları, M. Emin Emiroğlu, Mehmet Cihan Aydın. Investigation of Local Scour at Classical Contracted Rectangular Weir Downstream using CFD. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering. 01 Şubat 2026;5(1):231-49. doi:10.62520/fujece.1804990