Stability and Performance Analysis of Automatic Voltage Regulator Systems Using WGC-Based PID Controllers

Öz

Variations in active and reactive power in electrical power systems can induce fluctuations in the terminal voltage, thereby adversely affecting system stability. This phenomenon primarily arises from the high sensitivity of synchronous generators to load variations and fault conditions, making voltage stability a fundamental performance metric for the reliable, efficient, and sustainable operation of power systems. In this study, the impact of controller parameters on the stability regions of automatic voltage regulation systems equipped with a Proportional–Integral–Derivative (PID) controller is investigated, and the effects of these regions on output voltage stability are comprehensively analyzed. Within this framework, a method based on stability boundary curves and the weighted geometric center approach is employed to determine the stability limits of the system for different derivative gain values, and the influence of variations in PID parameters on system behavior is investigated. The simulation results clearly demonstrate that changes in PID parameters significantly affect both the stability boundaries and the transient response characteristics of the system.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Automatic voltage regulation
• PID controller
• Stability limit curve
• Weighted geometric center

Destekleyen Kurum

There are no institutions or organizations supporting the article.

Etik Beyan

Ethics committee approval was not required for this study. There is no conflict of interest with any person/institution in the prepared article.

WGC Tabanlı PID Kontrolörlü Otomatik Gerilim Regülasyon Sistemlerinde Kararlılık ve Performans Analizi

Öz

Elektrik güç sistemlerinde aktif ve reaktif güçte meydana gelen değişimler, şebeke uç geriliminde dalgalanmalara neden olarak sistem kararlılığını olumsuz yönde etkileyebilmektedir. Bu durum, senkron jeneratörlerin şebeke yükündeki değişimlere ve arıza koşullarına karşı yüksek duyarlılığından kaynaklanmakta olup, gerilim kararlılığını güç sistemlerinin güvenilir, verimli ve sürdürülebilir işletimi açısından temel bir performans ölçütü konumuna getirmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Oransal–İntegral–Türev (PID) denetleyiciye sahip otomatik gerilim regülasyon sistemlerinde kontrol parametrelerinin sistem kararlılık bölgeleri üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiş ve söz konusu bölgelerin çıkış gerilimi kararlılığına yansımaları ayrıntılı olarak analiz edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda, kararlılık sınır eğrilerine dayalı ve ağırlıklı geometrik merkez yaklaşımını esas alan bir yöntem kullanılarak, farklı türev kazancı değerleri için sistemin kararlılık sınırları belirlenmiş ve PID parametrelerindeki değişimlerin sistem davranışı üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Elde edilen simülasyon bulguları, PID parametrelerindeki değişimlerin sistem kararlılık sınırlarını ve geçici rejim davranışını önemli ölçüde etkilediğini açıkça ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Otomatik gerilim regülasyonu
• PID kontrolör
• Kararlılık sınır eğrisi
• Ağırlıklı geometrik merkez

Destekleyen Kurum

Makaleyi destekleyen kurum veya kuruluş yoktur.

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma için etik kurul onayı gerekmemiştir. Hazırlanan makalede herhangi bir kişi/kurumla çıkar çatışması bulunmamaktadır.

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