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Techno-Economic Analysis of LED Tube Retrofit Applications in Offices

Yıl 2023, , 837 - 846, 01.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.35234/fumbd.1313724

Öz

In the lighting sector, high energy-efficient LED lighting products are preferred instead of conventional lighting devices to increase energy efficiency. In this study, benefit-cost analyses were conducted by examining retrofit operations both in terms of lighting design and economically by applying different types of T8 LED tubes instead of fluorescent lamps in 4x18W T8 fixtures used in offices. A real office environment was modeled in the DIALux EVO lighting design program, and a total of three different T8 LED tube models with low, medium, and high efficiency were studied in terms of minimum luminance level, average luminance level, uniformity factor, and glare performance. Economically, investment and operating costs, energy savings, and payback periods in retrofit applications of LED tubes with different efficiencies were calculated. As a result, it was observed that medium and high-efficiency LED tubes provided the minimum lighting criteria according to the TS EN 12464-1:2021-09 standard. On the other hand, it was determined that LED tubes with low efficacy factor did not provide the desired lighting performance. Furthermore, high-efficiency LED tubes provided respectively 57% and 24% less energy consumption compared to conventional fluorescent lamps and low-efficiency LED tubes.

Kaynakça

  • International Energy Statistics- World. https://www.eia.gov/international/data/world (Erişim Tarihi: 02.04.2023).
  • IEA, Global electricity consumption by lighting in the Net Zero Scenario, 2010-2030, IEA, Paris. https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-electricity-consumption-by-lighting-in-the-net-zero-scenario-2010-2030 (Erişim Tarihi: 02.04.2023).
  • Soori PK, Vishwas M. Lighting control strategy for energy efficient office lighting system design. Energy and Buildings 2013; 66: 329–337.
  • Khan N, Abas N. Comparative study of energy saving light sources. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2011; 15(1): 296–309.
  • Esteki M, Khajehoddin SA, Safaee A, Li Y. LED Systems Applications and LED Driver Topologies: A Review. IEEE Access 2023; 11: 38324-38358.
  • TS EN 12464-1:2021-09 – Işık ve aydınlatma – Çalışma yerlerinin aydınlatılması – Bölüm 1: Kapalı çalışma alanları. Türk Standartları Enstitüsü, Eylül 2021.
  • De D, Sahana S, Roy B. Performance analysis of fluorescent and led lamp system. In: International Conference on Computer, Electrical & Communication Engineering; 16-17 December 2016; India.
  • Vahl FP, Campos LMS, Filho NC. Sustainability constraints in techno-economic analysis of general lighting retrofits. Energy and Buildings 2013; 67: 500-507.
  • Ma Z, Cooper P, Daly D, Ledo L. Existing building retrofits: methodology and state-of-the-art. Energy and Buildings 2012; 55: 889–902.
  • Ryckaert WR, Smet KAG, Roelandts IAA, Gils MV, Hanselaer P. Linear LED tubes versus fluorescent lamps: An evaluation. Energy and Buildings 2012; 49: 429-436.
  • Myer MA, Paget ML, Lingard RD. CALiPER Benchmark Report–Performance of T12 and T8 Fluorescent Lamps and Troffers and LED Linear Replacement Lamps, Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 2009. https://www.pnnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-18076.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 02.04.2023).
  • Fantozzi F, Bail LL, Leccese F, Rocca M, Salvadori G. General lighting in offices building: Techno-economic considerations on the fluorescent tubes replacement with LED tubes. International Journal of Engineering and Technology Innovation 2017; 7(3): 143–156.
  • Uken E, Bevan G, Smith R. LED tube retrofits for fluorescent lighting in offices. In: Proceedings of the 10th Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy Conference; 20-21 August 2013; South Africa. pp. 1-4.
  • Davidovic M, Kostic M. Comparison of energy efficiency and costs related to conventional and LED road lighting installations. Energy 2022; 254(B): 124299.
  • Ayaz R, Ozcanli AK, Nakir I, Bhusal P, Unal A. Life Cycle Cost Analysis on M1 and M2 Road Class Luminaires Installed In Turkey. Light & Engineering 2019; 27(1): 61-70.
  • Ganandran GSB, Mahlia TMI, Ong HC, Rismanchi B, Chong WT. Cost-Benefit Analysis and Emission Reduction of Energy Efficient Lighting at the Universiti Tenaga Nasional. The Scientific World Journal 2014; 11.
  • Gan, CK, Sapar AF, Mun YC, Chong KE. Techno-Economic Analysis of LED Lighting: A Case Study in UTeM's Faculty Building. Procedia Engineering 2013; 53: 208-216.
  • Lusijarto TT, Subekti RA, Susanti V. In: Economic analysis and energy consumption approaches for lighting improvement of government building facilities. International Conference on Sustainable Energy Engineering and Application; 23-24 October 2017; Indonesia. pp. 106-112.
  • Pereira LS, Pontes Y, da Costa FMPR. Energy efficiency in the replacement of fluorescent lamps by led: Application in a store. In: Brazilian Power Electronics Conference; 19-22 November 2017; Brazil. pp. 1-4.
  • Hung L, Anderson SJ, Pipkin A, Fristrup K. Changes in night sky brightness after a countywide LED retrofit. Journal of Environmental Management 2021; 292: 112776.
  • Atılgan LE, Enarun D. A case study of lighting Turkish historic mosques using LEDs: Semsi Ahmet Pasha Mosque. Lighting Research & Technology 2017; 50(6): 894-910.
  • Dubnička R, Lipnický L, Barčík M, Gašparovský D. Comprehensive view of LED products in luminaires. In: Diagnostic of Electrical Machines and Insulating Systems in Electrical Engineering; 20-22 June 2016; Slovakia. pp. 66-70.
  • RAB Lighting, LED T8 Tube Series – Ballast Compatible & Ballast Bypass, 2019. https://www.rablighting.com/sites/default/files/features/instructions/hybrid_led_tubes_0.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 02.04.2023).
  • LEDISON Lighting, “Wiring Instructions T8/T5 Dimmable LED Tubes – 3 in 1 Dimming Function”, Ver. 4.0. https://ledison-led-lights.co.uk/mpattachments/file/download/id/102/product_id/733/ (Erişim Tarihi: 02.04.2023).

Ofislerde LED Tüp Retrofit Uygulamalarının Tekno-Ekonomik Analizi

Yıl 2023, , 837 - 846, 01.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.35234/fumbd.1313724

Öz

Aydınlatma sektöründe enerji verimliliğini arttırmak için konvansiyonel aydınlatma aygıtlarının yerine yüksek enerji verimliliğine sahip LED aydınlatma ürünleri tercih edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, ofislerde kullanılan 4x18W T8 armatürlerdeki floresan lambalarının yerine, farklı tiplerdeki T8 LED tüpler uygulanarak, retrofit işlemleri hem aydınlatma tasarımı hem de ekonomik açıdan incelenerek fayda–maliyet analizleri yapılmıştır. Gerçek bir ofis ortamı DIALux EVO aydınlatma tasarım programında modellenmiş olup; düşük, orta ve yüksek verimli olmak üzere toplam üç farklı T8 LED tüp modelinin minimum aydınlık düzeyi, ortalama aydınlık düzeyi, düzgünlük faktörü ve kamaşma performansları incelenmiştir. Ekonomik açıdan ise farklı verime sahip LED tüplerin retrofit uygulamalarındaki yatırım ve işletme maliyetleri, enerji tasarrufu ve geri ödeme süreleri hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak; TS EN 12464-1:2021-09 standardına göre minimum aydınlatma kriterlerini orta ve yüksek verimli LED tüplerin sağladığı görülmüştür. Diğer taraftan düşük etkinlik faktörüne sahip LED tüplerin istenilen aydınlatma performansını sağlamadığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca yüksek verimli LED tüpler konvansiyonel floresan lambalara ve düşük verimli LED tüplere göre sırasıyla %57 ve %24 daha az enerji tüketimi sağlanmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • International Energy Statistics- World. https://www.eia.gov/international/data/world (Erişim Tarihi: 02.04.2023).
  • IEA, Global electricity consumption by lighting in the Net Zero Scenario, 2010-2030, IEA, Paris. https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-electricity-consumption-by-lighting-in-the-net-zero-scenario-2010-2030 (Erişim Tarihi: 02.04.2023).
  • Soori PK, Vishwas M. Lighting control strategy for energy efficient office lighting system design. Energy and Buildings 2013; 66: 329–337.
  • Khan N, Abas N. Comparative study of energy saving light sources. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2011; 15(1): 296–309.
  • Esteki M, Khajehoddin SA, Safaee A, Li Y. LED Systems Applications and LED Driver Topologies: A Review. IEEE Access 2023; 11: 38324-38358.
  • TS EN 12464-1:2021-09 – Işık ve aydınlatma – Çalışma yerlerinin aydınlatılması – Bölüm 1: Kapalı çalışma alanları. Türk Standartları Enstitüsü, Eylül 2021.
  • De D, Sahana S, Roy B. Performance analysis of fluorescent and led lamp system. In: International Conference on Computer, Electrical & Communication Engineering; 16-17 December 2016; India.
  • Vahl FP, Campos LMS, Filho NC. Sustainability constraints in techno-economic analysis of general lighting retrofits. Energy and Buildings 2013; 67: 500-507.
  • Ma Z, Cooper P, Daly D, Ledo L. Existing building retrofits: methodology and state-of-the-art. Energy and Buildings 2012; 55: 889–902.
  • Ryckaert WR, Smet KAG, Roelandts IAA, Gils MV, Hanselaer P. Linear LED tubes versus fluorescent lamps: An evaluation. Energy and Buildings 2012; 49: 429-436.
  • Myer MA, Paget ML, Lingard RD. CALiPER Benchmark Report–Performance of T12 and T8 Fluorescent Lamps and Troffers and LED Linear Replacement Lamps, Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 2009. https://www.pnnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-18076.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 02.04.2023).
  • Fantozzi F, Bail LL, Leccese F, Rocca M, Salvadori G. General lighting in offices building: Techno-economic considerations on the fluorescent tubes replacement with LED tubes. International Journal of Engineering and Technology Innovation 2017; 7(3): 143–156.
  • Uken E, Bevan G, Smith R. LED tube retrofits for fluorescent lighting in offices. In: Proceedings of the 10th Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy Conference; 20-21 August 2013; South Africa. pp. 1-4.
  • Davidovic M, Kostic M. Comparison of energy efficiency and costs related to conventional and LED road lighting installations. Energy 2022; 254(B): 124299.
  • Ayaz R, Ozcanli AK, Nakir I, Bhusal P, Unal A. Life Cycle Cost Analysis on M1 and M2 Road Class Luminaires Installed In Turkey. Light & Engineering 2019; 27(1): 61-70.
  • Ganandran GSB, Mahlia TMI, Ong HC, Rismanchi B, Chong WT. Cost-Benefit Analysis and Emission Reduction of Energy Efficient Lighting at the Universiti Tenaga Nasional. The Scientific World Journal 2014; 11.
  • Gan, CK, Sapar AF, Mun YC, Chong KE. Techno-Economic Analysis of LED Lighting: A Case Study in UTeM's Faculty Building. Procedia Engineering 2013; 53: 208-216.
  • Lusijarto TT, Subekti RA, Susanti V. In: Economic analysis and energy consumption approaches for lighting improvement of government building facilities. International Conference on Sustainable Energy Engineering and Application; 23-24 October 2017; Indonesia. pp. 106-112.
  • Pereira LS, Pontes Y, da Costa FMPR. Energy efficiency in the replacement of fluorescent lamps by led: Application in a store. In: Brazilian Power Electronics Conference; 19-22 November 2017; Brazil. pp. 1-4.
  • Hung L, Anderson SJ, Pipkin A, Fristrup K. Changes in night sky brightness after a countywide LED retrofit. Journal of Environmental Management 2021; 292: 112776.
  • Atılgan LE, Enarun D. A case study of lighting Turkish historic mosques using LEDs: Semsi Ahmet Pasha Mosque. Lighting Research & Technology 2017; 50(6): 894-910.
  • Dubnička R, Lipnický L, Barčík M, Gašparovský D. Comprehensive view of LED products in luminaires. In: Diagnostic of Electrical Machines and Insulating Systems in Electrical Engineering; 20-22 June 2016; Slovakia. pp. 66-70.
  • RAB Lighting, LED T8 Tube Series – Ballast Compatible & Ballast Bypass, 2019. https://www.rablighting.com/sites/default/files/features/instructions/hybrid_led_tubes_0.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 02.04.2023).
  • LEDISON Lighting, “Wiring Instructions T8/T5 Dimmable LED Tubes – 3 in 1 Dimming Function”, Ver. 4.0. https://ledison-led-lights.co.uk/mpattachments/file/download/id/102/product_id/733/ (Erişim Tarihi: 02.04.2023).
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Aydınlatma
Bölüm MBD
Yazarlar

Bilal Canol 0000-0001-5618-9787

Alpaslan Demirci 0000-0002-1038-7224

Ramazan Ayaz 0000-0002-6201-1181

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Eylül 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 13 Haziran 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023

Kaynak Göster

APA Canol, B., Demirci, A., & Ayaz, R. (2023). Ofislerde LED Tüp Retrofit Uygulamalarının Tekno-Ekonomik Analizi. Fırat Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 35(2), 837-846. https://doi.org/10.35234/fumbd.1313724
AMA Canol B, Demirci A, Ayaz R. Ofislerde LED Tüp Retrofit Uygulamalarının Tekno-Ekonomik Analizi. Fırat Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. Eylül 2023;35(2):837-846. doi:10.35234/fumbd.1313724
Chicago Canol, Bilal, Alpaslan Demirci, ve Ramazan Ayaz. “Ofislerde LED Tüp Retrofit Uygulamalarının Tekno-Ekonomik Analizi”. Fırat Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 35, sy. 2 (Eylül 2023): 837-46. https://doi.org/10.35234/fumbd.1313724.
EndNote Canol B, Demirci A, Ayaz R (01 Eylül 2023) Ofislerde LED Tüp Retrofit Uygulamalarının Tekno-Ekonomik Analizi. Fırat Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 35 2 837–846.
IEEE B. Canol, A. Demirci, ve R. Ayaz, “Ofislerde LED Tüp Retrofit Uygulamalarının Tekno-Ekonomik Analizi”, Fırat Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 35, sy. 2, ss. 837–846, 2023, doi: 10.35234/fumbd.1313724.
ISNAD Canol, Bilal vd. “Ofislerde LED Tüp Retrofit Uygulamalarının Tekno-Ekonomik Analizi”. Fırat Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 35/2 (Eylül 2023), 837-846. https://doi.org/10.35234/fumbd.1313724.
JAMA Canol B, Demirci A, Ayaz R. Ofislerde LED Tüp Retrofit Uygulamalarının Tekno-Ekonomik Analizi. Fırat Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2023;35:837–846.
MLA Canol, Bilal vd. “Ofislerde LED Tüp Retrofit Uygulamalarının Tekno-Ekonomik Analizi”. Fırat Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 35, sy. 2, 2023, ss. 837-46, doi:10.35234/fumbd.1313724.
Vancouver Canol B, Demirci A, Ayaz R. Ofislerde LED Tüp Retrofit Uygulamalarının Tekno-Ekonomik Analizi. Fırat Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2023;35(2):837-46.