PV Panel ve PEM Yakıt Pilinden Oluşan Küçük Ölçekli Hibrid Sistemin Matematiksel Modeli

Öz

Günümüzde, giderek artan enerji talebinin fosil yakıtlarla karşılanması sera gaz emisyonlarını yükseltmektedir. Bu yükseliş dünyamızı küresel iklim krizine doğru sürüklemektedir. Bundan dolayı, küresel ısınma geri dönüşü olmayan noktaya ulaşmadan önce ülkelerin yenilenebilir ve yeşil enerjiye geçiş yapması zorunluluk halini almaktadır. Yenilenebilir kaynaklar arasında önde gelen güneş ve hidrojen enerjisi son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar ve yatırımlarla giderek popülerliğini artırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, 200 W fotovoltaik (PV) panel ve 100 W Proton Değişim Membranlı (PEM) yakıt pilinin MATLAB/Simulink'te matematiksel modellerinin oluşturulmasıyla güneş ve hidrojen enerjisini birleştiren hibrid sistem incelenmiştir. PV panelin ve PEM yakıt pilinin tanım denklemlerini kullanarak adım adım elde edilen alt modeller birleştirilerek yakıt pilinin polarizasyon ve güç grafiği elde edilmiştir. Modeller detaylı ve tekrarlanabilir bir şekilde anlatılmış ve tüm model parametreleri paylaşılmıştır. Her iki kaynak için DC-DC yükseltici dönüştürücü modelleri oluşturulup panel ve yakıt pili paralel bağlanarak tipik rezistif yük beslenmiştir. 3,795 A ve 6,205 A sırasıyla yakıt pili ve PV panelden elde edilerek 300 W güç sağlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• PV panel
• PEM yakıt pili
• hibrid sistem
• matematiksel model
• MATLAB/Simulink

Mathematical Model of Small-Scale Hybrid System Consisting of PV Panel and PEM Fuel Cell

Öz

Today, meeting the ever-increasing energy demand with fossil fuels increases greenhouse gas emissions. This rise is dragging our world towards a global climate crisis. Therefore, it becomes imperative for countries to switch to renewable and green energy before global warming reaches the point of no return. Solar and hydrogen energy, which are the leading renewable sources, are increasing in popularity with the studies and investments made in recent years. This study examined a hybrid system combining solar and hydrogen energy by creating mathematical models of a 200 W photovoltaic (PV) panel and a 100 W Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell in MATLAB/Simulink. Combining the submodels obtained step by step using the definition equations of the PV panel and PEM fuel cell, the polarization and power graph of the fuel cell was obtained. The models are explained in detail and reproducibly, and all model parameters are shared. DC-DC boost converter models were developed for both sources, and the panel and fuel cell were connected in parallel to feed a typical resistive load. 3.795 A ve 6.205 A were obtained from the PEM fuel cell and PV panel, respectively, providing 300 W power.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• PV panel
• PEM fuel cell
• hybrid system
• mathematical model
• MATLAB/Simulink.

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