Türkiye’de Düzensiz Göçmen İşçileri ‘Yönetmek

Yıl 2015, Sayı: 1, 80 - 107, 01.01.2015

Helga Rittersberger Tılıç

Öz

Bu makalenin amacı düzensizliğin sosyo-politik inşasını dikkate almak ve bunun ‘göç yönetimi’ ve emek göçü politika ve stratejilerinin geliştirilmesine nasıl hizmet edebileceğini tartışmaktır. Makale, öncelikle Türkiye’nin hızla bir göç ülkesine dönüşümüne genel bir bakış getirecek, buna paralel olarak da konuyla ilgili önemli yasal değişiklikleri ele alacaktır. Bu çerçevede, düzensiz yabancı emek göçü ile ‘mücadele’ için geliştirilen yöntemlere özel bir vurgu yapılacaktır. Yasadışılık ve düzensizliğin karşılıklı bağımlılığının irdelenmesi, düzensiz yabancı emek kavramının yapı sökümüne (deconstruction) izin verecektir. Makale aynı zamanda göçmenlerin kendileri için toplumsal aktör (agency) olabilme boyutunun ve bir toplumsal harekete dönüşme ve/veya başka toplumsal hareketlerle, mülteci dernekleri, STK’lar ve sendikalarla ittifaklar kurma potansiyelinin dikkate alınması çabasıdır. Göçmenlerin toplumsal aktör olma potansiyellerine işaret etmek ve onların suçlular değil de emek pazarının bir parçası olduklarına dikkat çekmek, ‘düzensizliğe’ ve onun işçi ve insan haklarıyla ilişkisine bakmak için önemli bir başlangıç noktası olacaktır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Düzensiz göçmen işçiler, göç yönetimi, düzensizliğin toplumsal inşası, göçmen otonomisi, Türkiye

‘Managing’ Irregular Labor Migrants in Turkey

Öz

The aim of this article is to consider the socio-political construction of irregularity and to discuss how this serves the development of policies and strategies for ‘the management of migration’ and migrant labor. This paper will first provide a short overview of Turkey’s rapid transformation into a country of immigration. Parallel to this, a discussion of the important legal amendments that have been enacted regarding the subject will be introduced. A specific emphasis will be given to measures introduced ‘to combat’ irregular foreign labor migration. An elaboration of the interconnectedness of illegality and irregularity will permit a deconstruction of the concept of irregular foreign labor. The article will attempt to reconsider the dimensions of agency for the migrants themselves and their potential for turning into social movements and/or forming alliances with other social movements, migrant associations, NGOs and labor unions. Addressing the potential of migrants as holders of agency and noting the fact that they are not criminals but part of the labor market, provides an important starting point to reconsider ‘irregularity’ and its relation to labor and human rights

Anahtar Kelimeler

Irregular labor migrants, migration management, social construction of irregularity, autonomy of migrants, Turkey

Kaynakça

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