Futbolda Proprioseptif Egzersizlerin Şut Performansı ve Seçili Motor Beceriler Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, amatör futbolcularda 8 hafta boyunca uygulanan propriyoseptif antrenmanların şut kalitesi (hız, isabet, teknik) ve seçili performans parametreleri (sürat, çeviklik, dikey sıçrama) üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmaya üniversite futbol takımında aktif oynayan 16 erkek futbolcu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Katılımcılar rastgele yöntemle Deney Grubu (n=8, yaş: 21.37±1.92) ve Kontrol Grubu (n=8, yaş: 22.00±2.13) olarak ikiye ayrılmıştır. Deney grubuna rutin futbol antrenmanlarına ek olarak haftada 3 gün, 45 dakikalık propriyoseptif (denge tahtası, bosu topu, trambolin vb.) egzersiz protokolü uygulanırken; kontrol grubu sadece rutin antrenmanlarına devam etmiştir. Verilerin toplanmasında "356 Futbol Şut Testi", 30 metre sürat testi, Illinois çeviklik testi ve dikey sıçrama testleri kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel analizde gruplar içi değişim Wilcoxon Signed Rank Testi için, gruplar arası farklar için Mann-Whitney U Testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, deney grubunun şut kalitesi, şut hızı, 30m sürat ve çeviklik performanslarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı gelişimler kaydedilmiştir (p<0.05). Kontrol grubunda ise sadece dikey sıçrama ve çeviklik parametrelerinde anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Gruplar arası karşılaştırmada, propriyoseptif antrenman yapan grubun şut hızı ve genel şut kalitesi puanlarının kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı derecede daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, futbol antrenman programlarıyla bütünleştirilen propriyoseptif çalışmaların, sporcuların nöromusküler kontrolünü artırarak teknik beceri (şut) ve atletik performans üzerinde pozitif etkisi olduğu söylenebilir. Araştırma sonucunda, deney grubunun şut kalitesi, şut hızı, 30m sürat ve çeviklik performanslarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı gelişimler kaydedilmiştir (p<0.05). Kontrol grubunda ise sadece dikey sıçrama ve çeviklik parametrelerinde anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Gruplar arası karşılaştırmada, propriyoseptif antrenman yapan grubun şut hızı ve genel şut kalitesi puanlarının kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı derecede daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, futbol antrenman programlarıyla bütünleştirilen propriyoseptif çalışmaların, sporcuların nöromusküler kontrolünü artırarak teknik beceri (şut) ve atletik performans üzerinde pozitif etkisi olduğu söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Futbol
• propriosepsiyon
• Şut Performansı
• denge
• Atletik Performans

Destekleyen Kurum

Hakkari Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Proje Birimi

Proje Numarası

SB23LTP1

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışmanın tüm aşamalarında Helsinki Bildirgesi prensiplerine uygun hareket edilmiştir. Çalışmanın yürütülebilmesi için Hakkari Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etik Kurulu'nun 3 Mart 2023 tarihli, 2023/29 sayılı oturumunun 1 numaralı kararına uygun olarak etik onay alınarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmaya dahil edilen tüm katılımcılara araştırmanın amacı detaylı olarak açıklanmış ve çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katıldıklarına dair 'Aydınlatılmış Onam Formu' alınmıştır."

The Effect of Proprioceptive Exercises on Shooting Performance and Selective Motor Skills in Football.

Öz

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of proprioceptive training, applied for 8 weeks in amateur football players, on shooting quality (speed, accuracy, technique) and selected performance parameters (speed, agility, vertical jump). Sixteen male football players actively playing in a university football team voluntarily participated in the study. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: Experimental Group (n=8, age: 21.37±1.92) and Control Group (n=8, age: 22.00±2.13). The experimental group received a 45-minute proprioceptive exercise protocol (balance board, Bosu ball, trampoline, etc.) 3 days a week in addition to their routine football training; the control group continued only with their routine training. Data were collected using the "356 Football Shooting Test", 30-meter sprint test, Illinois agility test, and vertical jump test. For statistical analysis, the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used for within-group differences, and the Mann-Whitney U Test was used for between-group differences. The study results showed statistically significant improvements in the experimental group's shooting quality, shooting speed, 30m sprint, and agility performance (p<0.05). In the control group, significant differences were found only in vertical jump and agility parameters (p<0.05). In the intergroup comparison, it was determined that the group undergoing proprioceptive training had significantly higher shooting speed and overall shooting quality scores compared to the control group. In conclusion, it can be said that proprioceptive training integrated into football training programs has a positive effect on technical skill (shooting) and athletic performance by increasing the neuromuscular control of athletes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Football
• Proprioception
• Shooting performance
• Athletic performance.
• Balance

Destekleyen Kurum

Hakkari University Scientific Research Project Unit

Proje Numarası

SB23LTP1

Etik Beyan

This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration at all stages. Ethical approval was obtained from the Hakkari University Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee, in accordance with decision number 1 of session number 2023/29, dated March 3, 2023. All participants were informed of the research objectives in detail, and an "Informed Consent Form" was obtained confirming their voluntary participation.

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