Kadın Sporcularda Denge Yeteneği ve Denge Antrenmanları

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 66 - 79, 30.06.2017

Bahar Ateş Ebru Çetin İmdat Yarım

Öz

Sportif
performans açısından aktiviteler sırasında denge yeteneğinin korunmasının önemi bilinmektedir. Ayrıca denge performansındaki bozulmalar ile spor sakatlıkları arasında
önemli bir ilişki olduğu da belirtilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalar, denge
antrenmanlarının, geleneksel olarak, spor sakatlıklarını önlemek için,
sakatlıklar sonrası rehabilitasyon programının bir parçası olarak ve sportif
performansı arttırmak için uygulandığını göstermektedir. Hem statik hem de
dinamik dengeyi nicel olarak değerlendirmek için çeşitli denge yöntemleri
kullanılmaktadır. Kadınlarda kas-iskelet yaralanmalarının daha sık görülmesinden
dolayı kadın sporcular arasında dengenin değerlendirilmesi, denge ve
nöromusküler antrenmanlar konusundaki çalışmalar önem taşımaktadır. Bu nedenle
kadın sporcularda denge yeteneğinin değerlendirilmesi ve antrenman uygulamaları
ile ilgili çalışmalara daha fazla gerek duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışma ile kadın
sporcularda yapılmış denge çalışmalarının bir özeti sunulacaktır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Denge antrenmanları, Dinamik denge, Statik denge, Kadın Sporcular

Kaynakça

• Ambegaonkar J.P. Mettinger L.M. Caswell S.V. Burtt A. Cortes N. (2014). Relationships between core endurance, hip strength, and balance in collegiate female athletes. International journal of sports physical therapy. 9(5): 604-616.
• Ateş B. (2016). Düzenli spor yapan ve yapmayan 12-14 yaş grubu kız çocuklarda statik ve dinamik denge performansının incelenmesi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 11(1): 1-8.
• Ateş B. Yıldırım B.D. (2016). Variations in Star Excursion Balance Test Performance in Different Sports. 14th International Sport Science Congress. November, Antalya, Turkey.
• Baghbani F. Woodhouse L.J. Gaeini A.A. (2016). Dynamic postural control in female athletes and nonathletes after a whole-body fatigue protocol. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 30(7): 1942-1947.
• Bressel E. Yonker J.C. Kras J.ve ark. (2007). Comparison of static and dynamic balance in female collegiate soccer, basketball, and gymnastics athletes. J Athl Train. 42(1): 42-6.
• Butler R.J. Southers C. Gorman P.P. Kiesel K.B. Plisky P.J. (2012). Differences in soccer players' dynamic balance across levels of competition. Journal of athletic training. 47(6): 616-620.
• Calavalle AR. Sisti D. Rocchi MBL. Ve ark. (2008). Postural trials: expertise in rhythmic gymnastics increases control in lateral direction. Eur J Appl Physiol. 104(4): 643-9.
• Carpenter M.G. Adkin A.L. Brawley L.R. Frank J.S. (2006). Postural, physiological and psychological reactions to challenging balance: does age make a difference? Age and ageing. 35(3): 298-303.
• Chander H. MacDonald C.J. Dabbs N.C. Allen C.R. Lamont H.S. Garner J.C. (2014). Balance performance in female collegiate athletes. Journal of Sports Science. 2: 13-20.
• Clagg S. Paterno M.V. Hewett T.E. Schmitt L.C. (2015). Performance on the modified star excursion balance test at the time of return to sport following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy. 45(6): 444-452.
• Clark R.A. Bryant A.L. Pua Y. McCrory P. Bennell K. Hunt M. (2010). Validity and reliability of the Nintendo Wii Balance Board for assessment of standing balance. Gait & posture. 31(3): 307-310.
• Cortes N. Porter L.D. Ambegaonkar J.P. Caswell S.V. (2014). Postural stability does not differ among female sports with high risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury. Medical problems of performing artists, 29(4): 216.
• Cuğ M. (2017). Stance foot alignment and hand positioning alter star excursion balance test scores in those with chronic ankle instability: What are we really assessing?. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. 33(4): 316-322.
• Ergen E. Ülkar B. Eraslan A. (2007). Derleme: propriyosepsiyon ve koordinasyon. Spor hekimliği dergisi. 42(2): 057-083.
• Ericksen H. Gribble P.A. (2012). Sex differences, hormone fluctuations, ankle stability, and dynamic postural control. Journal of athletic training. 47(2): 143-148.
• Foss K.D.B. Myer G.D. Hewett T.E. (2014). Epidemiology of basketball, soccer, and volleyball injuries in middle-school female athletes. The Physician and Sportsmedicine. 42(2): 146-153.
• Gorman P.P. Butler R.J. Rauh M.J. Kiesel K. Plisky P.J. (2012). Differences in dynamic balance scores in one sport versus multiple sport high school athletes. International journal of sports physical therapy. 7(2): 148-153.
• Hewett T.E. Lindenfeld T.N. Riccobene J.V. Noyes F.R. (1999). The effect of neuromuscular training on the incidence of knee injury in female athletes a prospective study. The American journal of sports medicine. 27(6): 699-706.
• Hewett T.E. Torg J.S. Boden B.P. (2009). Video analysis of trunk and knee motion during non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury in female athletes: lateral trunk and knee abduction motion are combined components of the injury mechanism. Br J Sports Med. 43(6): 417- 422.
• Holm I. Fosdahl M.A. Friis A. Risberg M.A. Myklebust G. Steen H. (2004). Effect of neuromuscular training on proprioception, balance, muscle strength, and lower limb function in female team handball players. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine. 14(2): 88-94.
• Jamshidi A. Etefagh F. Nickjoo A. (2017). Walking Backwards Improves High School Female Athletes' Balance. Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science. 5(1): 46-48.
• Jonsson E. Seiger Å. Hirschfeld H. (2004). One-leg stance in healthy young and elderly adults: a measure of postural steadiness?. Clinical biomechanics. 19(7): 688-694.
• Kachanathu S.J. Dhamija E. Malhotra M. (2013). A comparative study on static and dynamic balance in male collegiate soccer and basketball athletes. Medicina Sportiva: Journal of Romanian Sports Medicine Society. 9(2): 2087.
• Khuman P.R. Kamlesh T. Surbala L. (2014). Comparison of static and dynamic balance among collegiate cricket, soccer and volleyball male players. International Journal of Health & Allied Sciences. 3(1): 9.
• Matthews M.J. Matthews H. Yusuf M. Doyle C. (2016). Traditional Martial Arts Training Enhances Balance and Neuromuscular Control in Female Modern Martial Artists. J Yoga Phys Ther. 6(228): 2-5.
• Matthews M.J. Matthews H. Yusuf M. Doyle C. (2016). Traditional Martial Arts Training Enhances Balance and Neuromuscular Control in Female Modern Martial Artists. J Yoga Phys Ther. 6(228): 2.
• McCann R.S. Kosik K.B. Beard M.Q. Terada M. Pietrosimone B.G., Gribbl, P.A. (2015). Variations in star excursion balance test performance between high school and collegiate football players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 29(10): 2765-70.
• Ness B.M. Comstock B.A. Schweinle W.E. (2016). Changes in dynamic balance and hip strength after an eight-week conditioning program in ncaa division i female soccer (football) athletes. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy. 11(7): 1054.
• Paillard T. Noe F. Riviere T. ve ark. (2006). Postural performance and strategy in the unipedal stance of soccer players at different levels of competition. J Ath Train. 41(2): 172-6.
• Palmer T.B. Hawkey M.J. Thiele R.M. Conchola E.C. Adam, B.M. Akehi K. Thompson B.J. (2015). The influence of athletic status on maximal and rapid isometric torque characteristics and postural balance performance in Division I female soccer athletes and non‐athlete controls. Clinical physiology and functional imaging. 35(4): 314-322.
• Pappas E. Hagins M. Sheikhzadeh A. Nordin M. Rose D. (2007). Biomechanical differences between unilateral and bilateral landings from a jump: gender differences. Clin J Sport Med. 17(4): 263-268.
• Paterno M.V. Myer G.D. Ford K.R. Hewett T.E. (2004). Neuromuscular training improves single-limb stability in young female athletes. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 34(6): 305-316.
• Pfile K.R. Gribble P.A. Buskirk G.E. Meserth S.M. Pietrosimone B.G. (2016). Sustained Improvements in Dynamic Balance and Landing Mechanics After a 6-Week Neuromuscular Training Program in College Women’s Basketball Players. Journal of sport rehabilitation. 25(3): 233-240.
• Sabin M.J. Ebersole K.T. Martindale A.R. Price J.W. Broglio S.P. (2010). Balance performance in male and female collegiate basketball athletes: influence of testing surface. The Journal of strength & conditioning research. 24(8): 2073-2078.
• Salci Y. Kentel B.B. Heycan C. Akin S. Korkusuz F. (2004). Comparison of landing maneuvers between male and female college volleyball players. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 19(6): 622-628.
• Steffen K. Nilstad A. Krosshaug T. Pasanen K. Killingmo A. Bahr R. (2017). No association between static and dynamic postural control and ACL injury risk among female elite handball and football players: a prospective study of 838 players. Br J Sports Med. 51(4): 253-259.
• Stiffler M.R. Sanfilippo J.L. Brooks M.A. Heiderscheit B.C. (2015). Star Excursion Balance Test performance varies by sport in healthy Division I collegiate athletes. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 45(10): 772-780.
• Watson T. Graning J. McPherson S. Carter E. Edwards J. Melcher I. Burgess T. (2017). Dance, balance and core muscle performance measures are improved following a 9-week core stabilization training program among competitive collegiate dancers. International journal of sports physical therapy. 12(1): 25.
• Woollacott M.H. Shumway-Cook A. Nashner L.M. (1986). Aging and posture control: changes in sensory organization and muscular coordination. Int J Aging Hum Dev. 23(2): 97–114.
• Zemková E. (2011). Assessment of balanc assessment of balance in sport: science e in sport: science e in sport: science and reality and reality and reality. Serbian Journal of Sports Sciences. 5(4): 127-139.