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Miscalculation in Proxy War: The United States and Russia in Syrian Civil War from the Neoclassical Realist Perspective

Cilt: 14 Sayı: 27 10 Aralık 2020
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Miscalculation in Proxy War: The United States and Russia in Syrian Civil War from the Neoclassical Realist Perspective

Öz

This article aims to puzzle why the leading military power of the world, namely the United States, was pushed back from the negotiating table in the Syrian Civil War, and conversely, how and why the world’s declining power, namely Russia, became the sole actor in that conflict. The article will try to answer this question from the neoclassical realist perspective. In this perspective, states do not always act rationally. Instead, they can fail because of miscalculations. The United States, in this respect, miscalculated on the Syrian Civil War as well as its domestic politics. In contrast, Russia behaved in accordance with its strategic culture, which resulted in its dominance both in the field and in diplomacy. The systemic stimulus, which is the independent variable, forces both countries to form alliances in the civil war. The domestic actors of both countries, which are the intervening variables, diversified the systemic stimuli in opposite directions. While the US political elite was misguided due to the divided structure, the Russian elite was more unified, which resulted in outcomes in favor of the latter.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. AKBARZADEH, Shahram, and Arif Saba. “UN paralysis over Syria: The responsibility to protect or regime change?” International Politics 56, no. 4 (2019): 536– 50. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41311-018-0149-x.
  2. ALLISON, Roy. “Russia and Syria: Explaining alignment with a regime in crisis.” International Affairs 89, no. 4 (2013): 795–823. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468- 2346.12046. ASSEBURG, Muriel, Wolfram Lacher, and Mareike Transfeld. “Mission impossible? UN mediation in Libya, Syria and Yemen.” Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik -SWP- Deutsches Institut für Internationale Politik und Sicherheit, Berlin,
  3. 2018. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-60446-4. BBC Turkish. “Suriye Annan Planı’nı kabul etti.” 2012. Accessed January 26, 2020. https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler/2012/03/120327_syria_annan.
  4. BBC Turkish. “Barış Pınarı Harekâtı - Pentagon: Türkiye’nin Olası Harekât Güzergâhı Üzerindeki Güçlerimizin Yerini Değiştirdik.” 2019. Accessed November 4, 2019. https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-49980630.
  5. CROSSTON, Matthew D. “Cold War and Ayatollah Residues Syria as a Chessboard for Russia, Iran, and the United States.” Strategic Studies Quarterly 8, no. 4 (2014): 94–111.
  6. CROWLEY, Michael, and Carlotta Gall. “In Trump, Turkey’s Erdogan Keeps Finding a Sympathetic Ear.” Accessed November 4, 2019. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/08/us/politics/trump-erdogan-turkey-visit.html.
  7. ÇAKMAK, Cenap, and Ali Onur Özçelik. “The World Community and the Arab Spring.” 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60985-0.
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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

-

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

10 Aralık 2020

Gönderilme Tarihi

31 Mayıs 2020

Kabul Tarihi

12 Ekim 2020

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2020 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 27

Kaynak Göster

APA
Şen, O., & Şahin, M. (2020). Miscalculation in Proxy War: The United States and Russia in Syrian Civil War from the Neoclassical Realist Perspective. Gazi Akademik Bakış, 14(27), 243-260. https://doi.org/10.19060/gav.839015
AMA
1.Şen O, Şahin M. Miscalculation in Proxy War: The United States and Russia in Syrian Civil War from the Neoclassical Realist Perspective. Gazi Akademik Bakış. 2020;14(27):243-260. doi:10.19060/gav.839015
Chicago
Şen, Osman, ve Mehmet Şahin. 2020. “Miscalculation in Proxy War: The United States and Russia in Syrian Civil War from the Neoclassical Realist Perspective”. Gazi Akademik Bakış 14 (27): 243-60. https://doi.org/10.19060/gav.839015.
EndNote
Şen O, Şahin M (01 Aralık 2020) Miscalculation in Proxy War: The United States and Russia in Syrian Civil War from the Neoclassical Realist Perspective. Gazi Akademik Bakış 14 27 243–260.
IEEE
[1]O. Şen ve M. Şahin, “Miscalculation in Proxy War: The United States and Russia in Syrian Civil War from the Neoclassical Realist Perspective”, Gazi Akademik Bakış, c. 14, sy 27, ss. 243–260, Ara. 2020, doi: 10.19060/gav.839015.
ISNAD
Şen, Osman - Şahin, Mehmet. “Miscalculation in Proxy War: The United States and Russia in Syrian Civil War from the Neoclassical Realist Perspective”. Gazi Akademik Bakış 14/27 (01 Aralık 2020): 243-260. https://doi.org/10.19060/gav.839015.
JAMA
1.Şen O, Şahin M. Miscalculation in Proxy War: The United States and Russia in Syrian Civil War from the Neoclassical Realist Perspective. Gazi Akademik Bakış. 2020;14:243–260.
MLA
Şen, Osman, ve Mehmet Şahin. “Miscalculation in Proxy War: The United States and Russia in Syrian Civil War from the Neoclassical Realist Perspective”. Gazi Akademik Bakış, c. 14, sy 27, Aralık 2020, ss. 243-60, doi:10.19060/gav.839015.
Vancouver
1.Osman Şen, Mehmet Şahin. Miscalculation in Proxy War: The United States and Russia in Syrian Civil War from the Neoclassical Realist Perspective. Gazi Akademik Bakış. 01 Aralık 2020;14(27):243-60. doi:10.19060/gav.839015

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