Afrika’daki Bölgesel Organizasyonlar ve Kriz Yönetimi: Kenya’da Kriz Yönetimi ve Afrika Birliği Örneği

Yıl 2008, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 19 - 34, 01.03.2008

Kieran E. Uchehara

Öz

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effectiveness of the AU’s conflict management in Kenya. Even though it has attempted to mediate, its impact on the crisis was not profound, as it has paid less attention to the questions of crisis management and dialog. The paper argues that the AU appears reluctant to intervene in the crisis. It recommends that the AU would be a more effective conflict manager if it were institutionalized, if it had members with homogenous preferences, and if it had more democratic members. Institutionalized and homogenous organizations are better suited for effective conflict management, while democratic organizations support lasting settlements in favor of the issue’s status quo. It concludes that the AU’s reluctance to intervene in Kenya is partly due to mistrust between its member states as most of the African leaders came to power through the rigging of elections. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Conflict Management and Dialog, Mediate, Intervene, Homogenous Organizations,  Democratic Organizations.

Regional Organizations and Conflict Management in Africa: The Case of the African Union and Conflict Management in Kenya

Öz

Bu makalenin amacı, Kenya’daki çatışma yönetiminde Afrika Birliği’nin etkililiğini incelemektir. Birlik arabuluculuk yapma girişiminde bulunsa da, kriz yönetimi ve diyalog ile ilgili sorunların üzerinde az durduğu için, kriz üzerindeki etkisi çok fazla değildir. Makalede, Afrika Birliği’nin krize müdahale etmede isteksiz olduğu hususu tartışılmaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra, Afrika Birliği’nin kurumsallaşması, üyelerinin daha fazla homojen tercihlerinin olması ve daha demokratik üyelerinin olması durumlarında; birliğin çatışma yönetiminde daha etkili olacağı tavsiye edilmektedir. Demokratik örgütler, statükonun lehine kalıcı şartları desteklerken, kurumsallaşmış ve homojen örgütler etkili çatışma yönetimi için daha uygun olduğu düşünülmektedir. Makalede sonuç olarak, Afrika Birliği’nin Kenya’ya müdahale etmesindeki isteksizliğin, çoğu Afrika liderinin seçimlere hile karıştırılması suretiyle iktidara gelmesinden dolayı, kısmen birliğe üye ülkeler arasındaki güvensizlikten kaynaklandığı ileri sürülmektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çatışma Yönetimi ve Diyalog, Arabuluculuk, Müdahalede Bulunmak,  Homojen Örgütler, Demokratik Örgütler 

Kaynakça

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