THE ROLE OF AUTOPHAGY IN ORAL CANCER

Öz

Autophagy is a universally preserved process in which cells break down their own intracellular organelles to control their regular renewal and eliminate dysfunctional organelles to maintain a balance inside the cell. Autophagy is a biological mechanism that helps cells adapt and protect themselves against stressors such as hypoxia, nutrient deficiency, and energy deprivation. Disruption of autophagy has been linked to a range of diseases, such as neurological disorders, infectious diseases, and cancer. Oral cancer is a highly destructive illness that results in the loss of numerous lives globally annually. The existing array of therapy modalities fails to adequately address the requirements of patients. Personalized medicine or targeted medicines are necessary due to the heterogeneity of the disease. Hence, it is imperative to promptly identify possible targets for oral cancer therapy. Autophagy has been discovered to potentially play a function in both the inhibition and advancement of oral cancer. Cancer cells employ the autophagy mechanism to enhance their survival in response to the stress induced by chemotherapy. Hence, it is of utmost importance to comprehend the processes underlying the suppression of cytoprotective catabolism and the exploitation of autophagic cell death to enhance the susceptibility of malignant tumor cells to certain therapeutic drugs and devise efficacious treatment strategies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ATG
• Cell
• Macroautophagy
• Microautophagy
• Squamous cell carcinoma

OTOFAJİNİN ORAL KANSERDEKİ ROLÜ

Öz

Otofaji, hücrelerin düzenli yenilenmelerini kontrol etmek için hücre içi organellerini parçaladıkları ve hücre içindeki dengeyi korumak için işlevsiz organelleri ortadan kaldırdıkları evrensel olarak korunmuş bir süreçtir. Otofaji, hücrelerin hipoksi, besin eksikliği ve enerji yoksunluğu gibi stres faktörlerine karşı uyum sağlamalarına ve kendilerini korumalarına yardımcı olan biyolojik bir mekanizmadır. Otofajinin bozulması nörolojik bozukluklar, bulaşıcı hastalıklar ve kanser gibi bir dizi hastalıkla ilişkilendirilmiştir. Oral kanser, dünya genelinde her yıl çok sayıda kişinin hayatını kaybetmesine neden olan son derece yıkıcı bir hastalıktır. Mevcut tedavi yöntemleri, hastaların gereksinimlerini yeterince karşılayamamaktadır. Hastalığın heterojenliği nedeniyle kişiselleştirilmiş tıp veya hedefe yönelik ilaçlar gereklidir. Bu nedenle, oral kanser tedavisi için olası hedeflerin derhal belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Otofajinin, oral kanserin hem inhibisyonunda hem de ilerlemesinde potansiyel olarak bir işlev oynadığı keşfedilmiştir. Kanser hücreleri, kemoterapinin neden olduğu strese yanıt olarak hayatta kalmalarını artırmak için otofaji mekanizmasını kullanır. Bu nedenle, malign tümör hücrelerinin belirli terapötik ilaçlara duyarlılığını artırmak ve etkili tedavi stratejileri geliştirmek için sitoprotektif katabolizmanın baskılanmasının ve otofajik hücre ölümünün kullanılmasının altında yatan süreçleri anlamak büyük önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ATG
• Hücre
• Makrootofaji
• Mikrootofaji
• Skuamöz hücreli karsinom

Kaynakça

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