Evaluation of the dental anxiety levels of patients attending the oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic in a dental faculty

Öz

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the dental anxiety levels of patients attending the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery clinic in a dental faculty and to evaluate the associated factors that might be related with the dental anxiety.

MATERIALS AND METHOD: Questionnaires were applied to patients attending the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University between February 1, 2013 and January 1, 2014 (n=1165). The questionnaire included a Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) and questions that might be related with dental anxiety. Participants whose MDAS score value was ≥19 were considered as highly anxious. Data which also included the participants’ demographic values were transferred to a statistical software and the results were examined through descriptive methods.

RESULTS: High dental anxiety level among patients participated in the study amounted to a rate of 14.1%. Dental anxiety was not related to age, marital status, educational level, firsttime-dental visit-age, number of lacking teeth, and reason of the dental visit (p>0.05). However, the indicators gender, previous traumatic experience and dental visit frequency were significantly related to dental anxiety (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Results of the present study showed that dental anxiety before oral surgical procedures is still prevalent despite technical, pharmacological and surgical advances in dentistry. Implementation of anxiety identification/reducing procedures in the oral surgery practice is of great importance to increase patient comfort and optimize surgical circumstances.><0.05).

CONCLUSION: Results of the present study showed that dental anxiety before oral surgical procedures is still prevalent despite technical, pharmacological and surgical advances in dentistry. Implementation of anxiety identification/reducing procedures in the oral surgery practice is of great importance to increase patient comfort and optimize surgical circumstances.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dental Anxiety,Dentistry,Oral Surgery

Bir diş hekimliği fakültesi ağız, diş ve çene cerrahisi kliniğine başvuran hastaların dental kaygı düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi

Öz

AMAÇ: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Ağız, Diş ve Çene Cerrahisi kliniğine başvuran hastaların dental kaygı düzeylerini belirlemek ve dental kaygının ilişkili olabileceği düşünülen faktörlerle olan bağlantısını değerlendirmektir. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Gazi Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Ağız, Diş ve Çene Cerrahisi Kliniğine 1 Şubat 2013- 1 Ocak 2014 tarihleri arasında başvuran hastalara (n=1165) dental kaygı düzeyinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla Modifiye Dental Anksiyete Skalası (MDAS) ve dental kaygının bağlantılı olabileceği düşünülen faktörlere ilişkin soruları içeren anketler uygulandı. MDAS skor değeri ≥19 olan katılımcılar yüksek dental kaygı düzeyine sahip olarak değerlendirildi. Katılımcıların demografik özelliklerini de içeren veriler istatistik programına aktarılarak deskriptif yöntemler ile sonuçlar değerlendirildi. BULGULAR: Çalışmaya katılan hastaların %14.1’inde yüksek dental kaygı saptandı. Dental kaygı, cinsiyet, daha önce geçirilmiş travmatik deneyim varlığı ve diş hekimine gitme sıklığı ile ilişkili bulundu (p < 0.05); ancak yaş, medeni durum, eğitim düzeyi, diş hekimine ilk gitme yaşı, eksik diş sayısı ve kliniğe başvuru amacı parametreleri ile ilişkili bulunmadı (p > 0.05). SONUÇ: Bu çalışmanın sonuçları ağız cerrahisi işlemleri öncesi dental kaygının günümüzde diş hekimliği alanındaki teknik, farmakolojik ve cerrahi gelişmelere rağmen dikkate değer ölçüde varlığını sürdürdüğünü göstermektedir. Ağız cerrahisi uygulamalarında anksiyete tanımlayıcı/giderici yöntemlerin uygulanması hasta rahatının artırılması ve cerrahi koşulların iyi hale getirilmesi açısından önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ağız Cerrahisi, Dental Anksiyete, Diş Hekimliği

Kaynakça

1. López-Jornet P, Camacho-Alonso F, Sanchez-Siles M. Assessment of general pre and postoperative anxiety in patients undergoing tooth extraction: a prospective study. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014;52:18-23.
2. Dionne RA, Gordon SM, McCullagh LM, Phero JC. Assessing the need for anesthesia and sedation in the general population. J Am Dent Assoc 1998;129:167-73.
3. Chanpong B, Haas DA, Locker D. Need and demand for sedation or general anesthesia in dentistry: a national survey of the Canadian population. Anesth Prog 2005;52:3-11.
4. Samur-Ergüven S, Işık B, Kılınç Y. Diş hekimliği fakültesi birinci sınıf öğrencileri ile son sınıf öğrencilerinin dental kaygı-korku düzeylerinin kar- şılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmesi. Acta Odontol Turc 2013;30:70-6.
5. Nicolas E, Collado V, Faulks D, Bullier B, Hennequin M. A national cross-sectional survey of dental anxiety in the French adult population. BMC Oral Health 2007;7:12.
6. Yusa H, Onizawa K, Hori M, Takeda S, Takeda H, Fukushima S, et al. Anxiety measurements in university students undergoing third molar extraction. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2004;98:23-7.
7. Locker D, Thomson WM, Poulton R. Psychological disorder, conditioning experiences, and the onset of dental anxiety in early adulthood. J Dent Res 2001;80:1588-92.
8. Locker D, Poulton R, Thomson WM. Psychological disorders and dental anxiety in a young adult population. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2001;29:456-63.

9. Skaret E, Raadal M, Berg E, Kvale G. Dental anxiety among 18-yrolds in Norway. Prevalence and related factors. Eur J Oral Sci 1998;106:835-43.
10. Wilson TD, McNeil DW, Kyle BN, Weaver BD, Graves RW. Effects of conscious sedation on patient recall of anxiety and pain after oral surgery. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2014;117:277-82.
11. Ng SK, Chau AW, Leung WK. The effect of pre-operative information in relieving anxiety in oral surgery patients. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2004;32:227-35.
12. Hermes D, Matthes M, Saka B. Treatment anxiety in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Results of a German multi-centre trial. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2007;35:316-21.
13. Stabholz A, Peretz B. Dental anxiety among patients prior to different dental treatments. Int Dent J 1999 ;49:90-4.
14. Wong M, Lytle WR. A comparison of anxiety levels associated with root canal therapy and oral surgery treatment. J Endod 1991;17:461- 5.
15. Muğlalı M, Kömerik N. Ağız cerrahisi ve anksiyete. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 2005;8:83-8.
16. Muglali M, Komerik N. Factors related to patients' anxiety before and after oral surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2008;66:870-7.
17. Armfield JM. How do we measure dental fear and what are we measuring anyway? Oral Health Prev Dent 2010;8:107-15.
18. Dailey YM, Humphris GM, Lennon MA. The use of dental anxiety questionnaires: a survey of a group of UK dental practitioners. Br Dent J 2001;190:450-3.
19. Gisler V, Bassetti R, Mericske-Stern R, Bayer S, Enkling N. A crosssectional analysis of the prevalence of dental anxiety and its relation to the oral health-related quality of life in patients with dental treatment needs at a university clinic in Switzerland. Gerodontology 2012;29:e290-6.
20. Ng SK, Leung WK. A community study on the relationship of dental anxiety with oral health status and oral health-related quality of life. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2008;36:347-56.
21. Vermaire JH, de Jongh A, Aartman IH. Dental anxiety and quality of life: the effect of dental treatment. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2008;36:409-16.
22. Corah NL.Development of a dental anxiety scale. J Dent Res 1969;48:596.
23. Humphris GM, Dyer TA, Robinson PG. The modified dental anxiety scale: UK general public population norms in 2008 with further psychometrics and effects of age. BMC Oral Health 2009;9:20.
24. Humphris GM, Morrison T, Lindsay SJ. The Modified Dental Anxiety Scale: validation and United Kingdom norms. Community Dent Health 1995;12:143-50.
25. Ilgüy D, Ilgüy M, Dinçer S, Bayirli G. Reliability and validity of the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale in Turkish patients. J Int Med Res 2005;33:252-9.
26. Tunc EP, Firat D, Onur OD, Sar V. Reliability and validity of the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) in a Turkish population. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2005;33:357-62.
27. Eli I, Schwartz-Arad D, Baht R, Ben-Tuvim H. Effect of anxiety on the experience of pain in implant insertion. Clin Oral Implants Res 2003;14:115-8.
28. Sirin Y, Humphris G, Sencan S, Firat D. What is the most fearful intervention in ambulatory oral surgery? Analysis of an outpatient clinic. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012;41:1284-90.
29. Zhang G, Hou R, Zhou H, Kong L, Ding Y, Qin R, et al. Improved sedation for dental extraction by using video eyewear in conjunction with nitrous oxide: a randomized, controlled, cross-over clinical trial. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2012;113:188-92.
30. Berge TI. Acceptance and side effects of nitrous oxide oxygen sedation for oral surgical procedures. Acta Odontol Scand 1999;57:201-6.
31. Ugurlu F, Cavus O, Kaya A, Sener CB. Evaluation of dental anxiety in patients undergoing dentoalveolar surgery with laser treatment. Photomed Laser Surg 2013;31:169-73.