Ortodontik maloklüzyona sahip bireylerde diyet kalitesini etkileyen faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 33 Sayı: 3, 132 - 9, 18.08.2016

Nehir Canıgür Bavbek , Burcu Baloş Tuncer , Eda Köksal , Cumhur Tuncer Nevin Şanlıer

https://doi.org/10.17214/aot.96277

Öz

AMAÇ: Çalışmanın amacı, ortodontik maloklüzyonu olan adolesanların diyet kalitesini etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesidir.

GEREÇ ve YÖNTEM: Çalışmada, genel sağlığı ve ağız bakımı iyi olan 46 kız ve 30 erkek bireyin (ortalama yaş 11.4 ± 1.4 yıl) demografik bilgileri ve diyetlerine ilişkin verileri kullanıldı. Veriler, bireylerin iskelet büyüme modeli, maloklüzyonu, overjet ve overbite ilişkisi, toplam posterior fonksiyonel diş ünitesi sayısı (PFDU) ve ebeveynlerin eğitim düzeyi ile ilişkilendirilerek değerlendirildi. Bireylerin diyet alım miktarı 24-saatlik diyet takibi listesi yöntemiyle ölçüldü. Diyet kalitesi ise Sağlıklı Yeme İndeksi (HEI-2010) ile değerlendirildi. Enerji ve besin değerleri Beslenme Bilgi Sistemi (BeBiS) programı ile hesaplandı. Gruplar arası karşılaştırma için Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal-Wallis testleri kullanıldı.

BULGULAR: Annenin eğitim düzeyinin total HEI (p = 0.002), total meyve (p = 0.007), bütün meyve (p = 0.018) ve rafine tahıl (p = 0.044) skorlarını etkilediği bulundu. İskelet büyüme modelinin, maloklüzyonun, overjet’in ve overbite’nin ise diyet kalitesini etkilemediği gözlendi. Overbite; enerji (r = 0.297, p = 0.009), karbonhidrat (r = 0.238, p = 0.039) ve protein (r = 0.305, p = 0.007) alımı ile korele bulundu. Overjet, yeşil yapraklı sebzeler ve kuru baklagillere ilişkin skor ile pozitif korelasyon gösterdi (r = 0.238, p = 0.038). PFDU sayısı beden kitle indeksi ile pozitif korelasyon gösterdi (r = 0.327, p = 0.004).

SONUÇ: Klinik açıdan maloklüzyon, adolesan bireylerin beslenme alışkanlıklarını değiştirecek düzeyde önemli bir role sahip olmayabilir. Ancak annenin eğitim düzeyi adolesan dönemdeki diyet kalitesini etkileyen ana değişkendir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Beslenme alışkanlıkları, beslenme davranışı, demografik faktörler, maloklüzyon

Evaluation of factors affecting the diet quality of patients with orthodontic malocclusion

Öz

OBJECTIVE: The aim was to assess factors which may contribute to the diet quality of adolescents with orthodontic malocclusion.

MATERIALS and METHOD: Demographic and dietary data of 46 girls and 30 boys (mean age 11.4 ± 1.4 years), with good oral and systemic health were obtained. Data were evaluated in relation to skeletal growth pattern, malocclusion, overjet, overbite, number of posterior functional tooth units (PFTU) and parental education level. Dietary intake was measured by using 24-hour dietary recall method, and diet quality was assessed by using the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010). Energy and nutrient intake was calculated by using the Nutrition Information System (BeBiS) program. Intergroup comparisons were performed by using Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests.

RESULTS: Maternal education level affected the total HEI (p = 0.002), total fruit (p = 0.007), whole fruit (p = 0.018) and refined grains (p = 0.044) scores. Skeletal growth patterns, malocclusions, overjet and overbite did not alter the diet quality. Overbite was positively correlated with energy (r = 0.297, p = 0.009), carbohydrate (r = 0.238, p = 0.039) and protein (r = 0.305, p = 0.007) intake. Overjet was positively correlated with greens and beans scores (r = 0.238, p = 0.038). PFTU was positively correlated with the body mass index (r = 0.327, p = 0.004).

CONCLUSION: From a clinical perspective, malocclusion may not have a significant impact on the nutritional habits of adolescents. Maternal educational level, however, was found to be the main determinant for the diet quality during adolescence.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Demographic factors, diet habits, feeding behavior, malocclusion

Kaynakça

• Rios-Vera V, Sanchez-Ayala A, Senna PM, Watanabe-Kanno G, Cury AA, Garcia RC. Relationship among malocclusion, number of occlusal pairs and mastication. Braz Oral Res 2010; 24:419-24.
• English JD, Buschang PH, Throckmorton GS. Does malocclusion affect masticatory performance? Angle Orthod 2002;72:21-7.
• Jensen WO. Occlusion for the Class III jaw relations patient. J Prosthet Dent 1990;64:566-8.
• Jensen WO. Occlusion for the Class II jaw relations patient. J Prosthet Dent 1990;64:432-4.
• Lopez PM, Anzid K, Cherkaoui M, Baali A, Lopez SR. Nutritional status of adolescents in the context of the Moroccan nutritional transition: the role of parental education. J Biosoc Sci 2012; 44:481-94.
• McLeod ER, Campbell KJ, Hesketh KD. Nutrition knowledge: a mediator between socioeconomic position and diet quality in Australian first-time mothers. J Am Diet Assoc 2011;111:696-704.
• Cribb VL, Jones LR, Rogers IS, Ness AR, Emmett PM. Is maternal education level associated with diet in 10-year-old children? Public Health Nutr 2011;14:2037-48.
• Guenther PM, Kirkpatrick SI, Reedy J, Krebs-Smith SM, Buckman DW, Dodd KW, et al. The Healthy Eating Index-2010 is a valid and reliable measure of diet quality according to the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. J Nutr 2014;144:399-407.
• Neumark-Sztainer D, Story M, Hannan PJ, Croll J. Overweight status and eating patterns among adolescents: where do youths stand in comparison with the healthy people 2010 objectives? Am J Public Health 2002;92:844-51.
• Ulusoy C, Mujdeci A, Gokay O. The effect of herbal teas on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets. Eur J Orthod 2009;31:385-9.
• Acar Tek N, Yıldıran H, Akbulut G, Bilici S, Koksal E, Gezmen Karadag M, et al. Evaluation of dietary quality of adolescents using Healthy Eating Index. Nutr Res Pract 2011;5:322-8.
• Johal A, Abed Al Jawad F, Marcenes W, Croft N. Does orthodontic treatment harm children’s diets? J Dent 2013;41:949-54.
• Abed Al Jawad F, Cunningham SJ, Croft N, Johal A. A qualitative study of the early effects of fixed orthodontic treatment on dietary intake and behaviour in adolescent patients. Eur J Orthod 2012;34:432-6.
• Shinkai RS, Hatch JP, Sakai S, Mobley CC, Saunders MJ, Rugh JD. Oral function and diet quality in a community-based sample. J Dent Res 2001;80:1625-30.
• de Onis M, Onyango AW, Borghi E, Siyam A, Nishida C, Siekmann J. Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents. Bull World Health Organ 2007;85:660-7.
• Hurley KM, Oberlander SE, Merry BC, Wrobleski MM, Klassen AC, Black MM. The healthy eating index and youth healthy eating index are unique, nonredundant measures of diet quality among low-income, African American adolescents. J Nutr 2009;139:359-64.
• Sardenberg F, Martins MT, Bendo CB, Pordeus IA, Paiva SM, Auad SM, et al. Malocclusion and oral health-related quality of life in Brazilian school children. Angle Orthod 2013;83:83-9.
• Bjerklin K, Bondemark L. Management of ectopic maxillary canines: variations among orthodontists. Angle Orthod 2008;78:852-9.
• Chung CJ, Jung S, Baik HS. Morphological characteristics of the symphyseal region in adult skeletal Class III crossbite and openbite malocclusions. Angle Orthod 2008;78:38-43.
• Rodriguez Flores JM. Non surgical treatment of a Class II malocclusion with skeletal hyperdivergency and anterior open bite. Int J Orthod Milwaukee 2009;20:15-22.
• Fueki K, Yoshida E, Igarashi Y. Association between occlusal curvature and food comminution and mixing in human young adults with permanent dentitions. Arch Oral Biol 2013;58:377-83.
• Kennedy ET, Ohls J, Carlson S, Fleming K. The Healthy Eating Index: design and applications. J Am Diet Assoc 1995;95:1103-8.
• Hashemi Kani A, Alavian SM, Esmaillzadeh A, Adibi P, Azadbakht L. Dietary Quality Indices and Biochemical Parameters Among Patients With Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Hepat Mon 2013;13:e10943.
• McClain AD, Chappuis C, Nguyen-Rodriguez ST, Yaroch AL, Spruijt-Metz D. Psychosocial correlates of eating behavior in children and adolescents: a review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2009;6:54.
• Sheiham A, Steele JG, Marcenes W, Finch S, Walls AW. The impact of oral health on stated ability to eat certain foods; findings from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey of Older People in Great Britain. Gerodontology 1999;16:11-20.