Molar incisor hypomineralization: etiology and clinical management

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 2, 90 - 7, 21.04.2015

Ebru Hazar Bodrumlu Aysun Avşar

https://doi.org/10.17214/aot.71184

Öz

Molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is a common developmental condition resulting in enamel defects in first permanent molars and permanent incisors. Its prevalance varies between 2.8% and 44%. The etiology of MIH has not been fully clarified; however it is supposed that environmental and systemic conditions may be possible reasons for this condition. Hypomineralized molars exhibit proneness to caries, and severe restorative problems are often associated with such teeth. Incisors also present demarcated enamel opacities, although enamel breakdown is uncommon. The treatment of MIH depends on the severity of the enamel defect. A six step approach to management has been suggested, comprising: risk identification, early diagnosis, remineralization and desensitization, prevention of caries and post-eruption breakdown, restoration and extraction and maintenance of oral hygiene and oral care. The purpose of this review was to inform the reader on the diagnosis and treatment of MIH.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dental enamel hypoplasia, etiology, molar incisor hypomineralization, pediatric dentistry, pedodontics, treatment

Büyük azı ve kesici diş hipomineralizasyonu: etiyolojisi ve kliniği

Öz

Büyük azı ve kesici diş hipomineralizasyonu (BAKH) daimi birinci molar ve daimi kesici dişlerin etkilendiği gelişimsel bir mine defektidir. Görülme durumu, %2.8 ile %44 arası değişmektedir. Etiyolojisi tam olarak bilinmemektedir, ancak çevresel etkenlerin ve sistemik durumların, büyük azı ve kesici diş hipomineralizasyonunun olası nedenleri arasında olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Hipomineralize molarlarda çürük oluşumuna yatkınlık ve ciddi restoratif problemler gözlenmektedir. Keserlerde ise sınırlı opak lezyonlar izlenirken, mine yıkımı yaygın değildir. BAKH gözlenen dişlerin tedavisi, mine defektinin şiddetine bağlıdır. Tedavisinde; risk belirlenmesi, erken teşhis, remineralizasyon ve hassasiyetin azaltılması, diş çürüklerinin ve sürme sonrası yıkımın önlenmesi, restorasyonlar, çekimler, oral hijyen ve ağız bakımından oluşan altı basamaklı yaklaşım önerilmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı BAKH’nin teşhis ve tedavi yaklaşımları hakkında bilgi vermektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Büyük azı ve kesici diş hipomineralizasyonu, çocuk diş hekimliği, diş minesi hipoplazisi; etiyoloji, pedodonti, tedavi

Kaynakça

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