Elektrik direnç punta kaynağı ile üçlü birleştirilen FEP05/DP600/FEP05 çelik saclarda kaynak parametrelerinin mekanik özelliklere ve mikroyapı üzerindeki etkilerin araştırılması

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 39 Sayı: 2, 835 - 846, 30.11.2023

Levent Selova , Oğuz Tunçel , Oktay Çavuşoğlu , Çiğdem Dindar , Hakan Aydın

https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.1217239

Öz

Günümüz otomotiv endüstrisinde, farklı malzemelerin elektrik direnç punta kaynağı ile ikili ve üçlü birleştirmelerinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Araba gövdelerinin a-, b- ve c sütunlarında çift fazlı (DP) 600 çelikleri ve FEP05 çelikleri sıklıkla birbirine kaynaklanır. Bu çalışmada kaynak akımı, kaynak zamanı ve elektrot kuvveti gibi elektrik direnç punta kaynağı proses parametrelerinin yük taşıma kapasitesi, uzama, çekirdek çapı ve üçlü kaynaklı sac bağlantıların (FEP05 + DP600 + FEP05) çökme miktarı üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Kaynaklı birleştirmenin mekanik özelliklerini belirlemek için çekme testleri ve mikrosertlik ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Kaynak kalitesini analiz etmek için mikroyapısal karakterizasyon kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca üçlü kaynaklı birleştirmelerde kaynak zamanının, kaynak akımının ve elektrot kuvvetinin önemli faktörler olduğu gösterilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Kaynak parametreleri uygun seçilerek FEP05 + DP600 + FEP05 levhalarının elektrik direnç punta kaynağı ile üçlü olarak başarılı şekilde birleştirilebileceği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Elektrik direnç nokta kaynağı , üçlü kaynak , kaynak parametrelerinin etkileri , mekanik özellikler

Kaynakça

• Ma Y., Shan H., Niu S., Li Y., Lin Z., MA N., A comparative study of friction self-piercing riveting and self-piercing riveting of aluminum alloy AA5182-O, Engineering, 7, 1741–1750, 2021.
• Donders S., Brughmans M., Hermans L., Tzannetakis N., The Effect of Spot Weld Failure on Dynamic Vehicle Performance, Sound and Vibration, 39, 16–25, 2005.
• Mousavi Anijdan S. H., Sabzi M., Ghobeiti-Hasab M., Roshan-Ghiyasd A., Optimization of spot welding process parameters in dissimilar joint of dual phase steel DP600 and AISI 304 stainless steel to achieve the highest level of shear-tensile strength, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 726, 120–125, 2018.
• Bouaziz O., Zurob H., Huang M., Driving force and logic of development of advanced high strength steels for automotive applications, Steel research international, 84, 937–947, 2013.
• Çavuşoğlu O., Toros S., Gürün H., Microstructure based modelling of stress–strain relationship on dual phase steels, Ironmaking & Steelmaking, 46, 313–319, 2019.
• Tuncel O., Aydin H., A comparison of tensile properties of single-sided and double-sided laser welded DP600 steel sheets, Materials Science, 26, 173–178, 2020.
• Sen N., Civek T., Detailed deformation behaviour analysis of DP steels at warm forming temperatures via warm tensile tests, Ironmaking & Steelmaking, 49, 604-614, 2022.
• Tuncel O., Aydin H., Cavusoglu O., Selova L.. Effect of Electrode Force on Mechanical Properties of Triple Joined Dissimilar Steel Sheets by Resistance Spot Welding, 3rd International Conference on Advanced Engineering Technologies, Bayburt-Türkiye, 924-928, 19-21 Eylül 2019.
• Selova L., Aydin H., Tuncel O., Cavusoglu O., Mechanical Properties of Resistance Spot Welded Three-Sheet Stack Joints of Dissimilar Steels in Different Welding Time, 3rd International Conference on Advanced Engineering Technologies, Bayburt-Türkiye, 591-596, 19-21 Eylül 2019.
• Aydin H., Tuncel O., Selova L., Effect of Welding Current on Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Steels Joined Triple by Electrical Resistance Spot Welding, 4th International Iron & Steel Symposium, Karabük-Türkiye, 396-400, 04-06 Nisan 2019.
• Aydın H., Tutar M., Davut K., Bayram A., Effect of welding current on microstructure and mechanical properties of 15% deformed TWIP steel joined with electrical resistance spot welding, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 35 (2), 803–817, 2020.
• Sun H.T., Lai X.M., Zhang Y.S., Shen J., Effect of variable electrode force on weld quality in resistance spot welding, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 12, 718–724, 2008.
• Tamizi M., Pouranvari M., Movahedi M., Welding metallurgy of martensitic advanced high strength steels during resistance spot welding, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 22, 327–335, 2017.
• Husain I.M., Saad M.L., Barrak O.S., Hussain S.K., Hamzah M.M., Shear force analysis of Resistance Spot Welding of Similar and Dissimilar Material: copper and carbon steel, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 1105, 012055, 2021.
• Sivaraj P., Seeman M., Kanagarajan D., Seetharamanb R., Influence of welding parameter on mechanical properties and microstructural features of resistance spot welded dual phase steel sheets joint, Materials Today: Proceedings, 22, 558–562, 2020.
• Eshraghi M., Tschopp M.A., Asle Zaeem M., Felicelliab S.D., Effect of resistance spot welding parameters on weld pool properties in a DP600 dual-phase steel: A parametric study using thermomechanically-coupled finite element analysis, Materials & Design, 56, 387–397, 2014.
• Karthikeyan R., Balasubramaian V,. Optimization of Electrical Resistance Spot Welding and Comparison with Friction Stir Spot Welding of AA2024-T3 Aluminum Alloy Joints, Materials Today: Proceedings, 4, 1762–1777, 2017.
• Pouranvari M., Sobhani S., Goodarzi F., Resistance spot welding of MS1200 martensitic advanced high strength steel: Microstructure-properties relationship, Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 31, 867–874, 2018.
• Cen Y., Chen F., Chen L., Mechanism of resistance spot welding of dissimilar steel, Materials Research Express, 6, 095801, 2019.
• Wei S.T., Liu R.D., Lv D., Lin L., Lu X.F., Ding S.W., Effect of joint configuration on resistance spot weldability of galvanised DP780 steel sheets, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 21, 178–185, 2016.
• Wei S.T., Liu R.D., Lv D., Lin L., Xu R.J., Guo J.Y., Wang K.Q., Lu X.F., Weldability and mechanical properties of similar and dissimilar resistance spot welds of three-layer advanced high strength steels, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 20, 20–26, 2015.
• Li T., Yuan X., Hu Z., Wu K., Wang H., Zhang B., Dissimilar Resistance Spot Welding of DP 600/A5052/DP 600 Triple Sheets, International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, 19, 1673–1679, 2018.
• Huda N., Nam D-G., Park Y-D., Study on the Mechanism of Nugget Growth Behavior in Three Sheets Stack Resistance Spot Welding, Journal of Welding and Joining, 37, 564–571, 2019.
• Çavuşoğlu O., Bakırcı A., Dinkçi H., Yılmazoğlu A.G., Triple joining of different sheets with self-pierce riveting method, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 27, 579–585, 2022.
• Tavasolizadeh A., Marashi S.P.H., Pouranvari M., Mechanical performance of three thickness resistance spot welded low carbon steel, Materials Science and Technology, 27, 219–224, 2011.
• Pouranvari M., Marashi S.P.H., Weld nugget formation and mechanical properties of three-sheet resistance spot welded low carbon steel, Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, 51, 105–109, 2012.
• Wan X., Wang Y., Zhang P., Modelling the effect of welding current on resistance spot welding of DP600 steel, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 214, 2723–2729, 2014.
• Aslanlar S., Ogur A., Ozsarac U., Ilhan E., Welding time effect on mechanical properties of automotive sheets in electrical resistance spot welding, Materials & Design, 29, 1427–1431, 2008.
• Bhat S. D., Vijeesh V., Acharya P., Rao M., Investigation of thin sheet stainless steel resistance spot welds: Effect of weld current on nugget failure and microstructure, Materialstoday: Proceedings, 35 (11), 361–365, 2021.
• Li Y., Yu Z., Luo Z., Failure Mode Transition of Triple­Thin­Sheet Aluminum Alloy Resistance Spot Welds under Tensile­ Shear Loads, Welding Journal, 95, 479–490, 2016.
• Jaber H.L., Pouranvari M., Salim R.K., Hashim F.A., Marashi S.P.K., Peak load and energy absorption of DP600 advanced steel resistance spot welds, Ironmaking & Steelmaking, 44, 699–706, 2017.
• Li C., Yuan X., Wu K., Wang H., Hu Z., Pan X., Nugget formation and its mechanism of resistance spot welded joints in DP600 dual-phase and DC54D ultralow carbon steel, Metals and Materials International, 23, 543–553, 2017.
• Kannaiyan M., Raghuvaran J. G. T., Govindan k., Annamalai E. P., Process parameters and properties of electric resistance spot welded AISI304- AISI1020 dissimilar weldments, Journal of Ceramic Processing Research, 21, 26-34, 2020.
• Aydın H., Tuncel O., Umur Y., Tutar M., Bayram A., Effect of welding parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy AA6082-T6 friction stir spot welds, Indian Journal of Engineering and Materials Sciences, 24, 215–227, 2017.
• Selova L., Üçlü sac elektrik direnç nokta kaynak birleşimlerinde kaynak parametrelerinin incelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bursa, 2019.
• Tutar M., Aydın H., Bayram A., Elektrik direnç punta kaynağı ile kaynak edilmiş TWIP çeliklerinde kaynak parametrelerinin Taguchi yöntemi ile optimizasyonu, Pamukkale University Journal of Engineering Sciences, 24, 650–657, 2018.
• Aydin H., Yilmaz I.Ö., Bilici A.Y., Investigation of microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar electrical resistance spot welded TBF/DP600 steel sheets, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 37 (2), 609–624, 2022.