Endüstri 5.0'da insan-robot iş birliği: İş gücü planlama optimizasyon modeli

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 41 Sayı: 1 , 413 - 426 , 31.03.2026

Kemal Gürol Kurtay

https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.1778548

https://izlik.org/JA34KZ26BJ

Öz

Endüstri 5.0, üretim süreçlerini dijitalleştirmenin yanı sıra insan merkezli, sürdürülebilir ve dayanıklı sistemler kurmayı hedefleyen yeni bir üretim paradigmasıdır. Bu yaklaşım, insan ve robot iş gücünün birlikte çalıştığı hibrit üretim ortamlarını teşvik eden; çalışan memnuniyeti, beceri ve iş yükü dengesine odaklanan bir üretim yaklaşımıdır. Klasik üretim planlama modelleri insan-robot entegrasyonunu karşılamada yetersiz kalmakta; bu durum esnek ve insan merkezli çözümler gerektirmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Endüstri 5.0 prensipleri doğrultusunda iş gücü memnuniyetini ve verimliliğini artırmayı hedefleyen robotlar ve işçiler için çok amaçlı hedef programlama tabanlı görev atama modeli önerilmiştir. Model, işçilerin memnuniyet ve beceri düzeylerini, iş yükü dengesi gereksinimlerini, çalışma saatlerini ve dinlenme sürelerini dikkate alarak robotların ve işçilerin uyum içinde çalışmasını amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca zaman pencereleri, öncelik ilişkileri ve robot uygunluğu gibi üretim sürecinin gereksinimlerini de ele almaktadır. Model 9 farklı senaryo üzerinde test edilmiş, duyarlılık analizi yapılmış ve DEMATEL yöntemi ile hedef ağırlıkları belirlenerek karar destek yapısı güçlendirilmiştir. 24 çalışan, 96 iş ve 32 iş önceliği içeren senaryolar için optimum sonuçlar elde edilmiş, ancak uygun çözüm süresinde daha büyük problemlerde optimum sonuçlara ulaşılamamıştır. Sonuçlar, modelin insan-robot iş birliğine dayalı üretime yönelik Endüstri 5.0 vizyonuyla uyumlu, uygulanabilir ve etkili bir çözüm sunduğunu göstermektedir. Bu bağlamda, çalışma literatürdeki boşluğu doldurmakta ve gelecekteki araştırmalar için sağlam bir temel oluşturmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Endüstri 5.0 , İnsan-robot işbirliği , karma tamsayılı hedef programlama , DEMATEL

Human-Robot collaboration in Industry 5.0: Workforce planning optimization model

https://izlik.org/JA34KZ26BJ

Öz

Industry 5.0 is a new production paradigm that aims not only at digitalizing production processes but also at building human-centered, sustainable and resilient systems. This approach encourages hybrid production environments where human and robotic workforce work together; it is a production approach that focuses on worker satisfaction, skills and workload balance. Classical production planning models are insufficient to meet human-robot integration; this necessitates flexible and human-centered solutions. In this study, a multi-objective goal programming based task assignment model is proposed for robots and workers, which aims to increase workforce satisfaction and efficiency in line with the principles of Industry 5.0. The model aims for robots and workers to work in harmony while taking into account the satisfaction and skill levels of workers, workload balance requirements, working hours and rest periods. It also addresses the requirements of the production process such as time windows, priority relationships and robot suitability. The model was tested on 9 different scenarios, sensitivity analysis was performed and the decision support structure was strengthened by determining target weights with the DEMATEL method. Optimal results were produced for scenarios with 24 workers, 96 jobs and 32 job priorities, but optimal results could not be achieved in larger problems at the appropriate solution time. The results show that the model provides a feasible and effective solution compatible with the Industry 5.0 vision of human-robot collaboration-based production. In this respect, the study fills the gap in the literature and provides a solid basis for future research.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Industry 5.0 , human-robot collaboration , mixed integer goal programming , DEMATEL

Kaynakça

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