Chemical fractionation and transfer of Cr, Cu, Zn and Ni in grass grown soil amended with tannery sludge compost

Öz

The major goal of this work is to determine the chemical fractionation of Cr, Cu, Zn and Ni in the soil amended with different doses of tannery sludge compost and investigate chemical distribution impact on the metals’ transfer to grass at the end of the 45 days experimental period. The results show that %5 and%10 tannery sludge compost amendment enhances the plant growth at the rate of 29-32%. The transfer coefficients for the metals in the decreasing order are as follows: Zn>Cu>Ni>Cr. It is found that the chemical distribution of the metals is directly related to the metals’ soil-plant transfer. Although total Cr concentrations in the mixtures are high, Cr is mainly found in the residual fraction which is the most stable form in the mixtures (47.24-76.09%). This explains the low transfer coefficients calculated for Cr. Zn is the most mobile metal which is highly found in the exchangable & acid soluble and reducible fractions (total 34.78-75.07%). Zn is easily released from soil and accumulate in the plant tissue resulting as the highest transfer coefficients. Cu and Ni are densely found in the organic fraction which is demineralised during the trials, confirming the transfer coefficients calculated for these metals. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• tannery sludge
• compost
• heavy metals
• transfer coefficient
• chemical binding forms

Deri arıtma çamuru kompostu ilavesiye gerçekleştirilen çim yetiştiriciliğinde Cr, Cu, Zn ve Ni metallerinin kimyasal dağılımı ve bitkiye transferi

Öz

Araştırma kapsamında, farklı oranlarda deri arıtma çamuru kompostu ilave edilen funda toprağında çim yetiştirilmiş ve 45 günlük deney periyodu sonunda Cr, Cu, Zn ve Ni metallerinin bitkiye transfer katsayıları belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın temel amacı sözkonusu metallerin toprak-kompost karışımında bağlı bulundukları kimyasal bağlanma formlarının dağılımını tespit ederek, bu dağılımın metalin bitkiye transferindeki etkisini irdelemektir. Deney sonuçlarına göre, toprağa kütlece %5ve %10 oranında kompost ilavesinin bitki gelişimini %29-32 oranında arttırdığı görülmüştür. Ağır metallerin bitkiye transfer katsayıları büyükten küçüğe Zn>Cu>Ni>Cr olarak bulunmuştur. Ağır metallerin topraktaki kimyasal bağlanma formlarının bitkiye transferlerinde doğrudan etkisi olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Karışımlarda, toplam konsantrasyonu yüksek olan Cr büyük oranda (%47.24-76.09) hareketsiz (immobil) haldeki  kalıntı fraksiyonda bulunmaktadır. Bu durum, krom için tespit edilen düşük transfer katsayılarını açıklamaktadır. Zn ise deneme topraklarında yüksek oranda kararsız fraksiyonlarda bulunmakta ve toprak-bitki etkileşiminde mobil davranarak çim bitkisine kolaylıkla transfer olmaktadır. Cu ve Ni yüksek oranda organik fraksiyona bağlı olup, transfer katsayıları deneme sırasında mineralize olan organik madde ile orantılıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Deri arıtma çamuru
• kompost
• ağır metal
• transfer katsayısı
• kimyasal bağlanış formu

Kaynakça

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