Hibrit polimerlerle modifiye edilmiş bitümlü bağlayıcıların reolojik özelliklerinin incelenmesi

Öz

Uygulama bölgelerinde servis ömrü boyunca yeterli performans sağlayabilecek üstyapı kaplama tabakaları inşa edebilmek amacıyla uygun bağlayıcı seçimi büyük önem arz etmektedir. Trafik ve iklim koşullarından dolayı üstyapı kaplama tabakaları aşırı gerilmelere maruz kalmaktadır. Esnek üstyapı kaplama tabakalarının ana bileşenlerinden olan bitümlü bağlayıcıların özelliklerini iyileştirmek amacıyla çeşitli katkı malzemeleri modifkasyon amacıyla kullanılmaktadır. Modifikasyon yöntemiyle bitümlü bağlayıcıların mühendislik ve elde edilen asfalt karışımların mekanik özellikleri iyileştirilebilmektedir. Hibrit modifikasyon, geliştirilmiş bir modifikasyon elde etmek için iki farklı tipte asfalt katkı malzemesinin birlikte kullanılması yöntemidir. Bağlayıcı ve karışımların performanslarının iyileştirilmesi, maliyetlerin azaltılması ve atık malzemelerden faydalanılması hibrit modifikasyonun başlıca amaçlarındandır. Çalışma kapsamında, elastomerik (stiren-butadien-stiren (SBS), Kraton® D1101) ve plastomerik (Titan® 7686) katkı maddeleri ve bunların kombinasyonunun bitüm modifikasyonunda kullanılmasıyla bağlayıcıların reolojik özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Deneysel çalışma sonucunda hem elastomerik hem de plastomerik katkı maddelerinin bitümlü bağlayıcıların yüksek sıcaklık performansını iyileştirdiği belirlenmiştir. Plastomerik katkı maddesi bağlayıcıların esnekliğini olumsuz etkilemiştir. Katkıların birlikte kullanımı değerlendirildiğinde %3,5 SBS +%1,0 Plastomerik katkı kullanılması durumunda Karayolları Genel Müdürlüğü şartname gereksinimlerinin karşılandığı, %4,5 SBS ile benzer performans seviyesinin sağlandığı tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bitüm,Elastomer,Plastomer,Hibrit katkı,Reoloji

Analysis of rheological properties of modified bitumen with hybrid polymers

Öz

In the application areas, the selection of suitable binders is of great importance in order to build superstructure coating layers that can provide sufficient performance throughout the service life. Due to traffic and climate conditions, the superstructure coating layers are exposed to excessive stresses. Various additives are used for modification in order to improve the properties of bituminous binders, which are one of the main components of flexible superstructure coating layers. With the modification method, the engineering properties of the bituminous binders and the mechanical properties of the asphalt mixes obtained can be improved. Hybrid modification is a method of using two different types of asphalt additives together to achieve an improved modification. Improving the performance of binders and mixtures, reducing costs and utilizing waste materials are among the main objectives of hybrid modification. In the study, the effects of elastomeric (styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), Kraton® D1101) and plastomeric (Titan® 7686) additives and their combination on the rheological properties of the binders were investigated using bitumen modification. As a result of the experimental study, it has been determined that both elastomeric and plastomeric additives improve the high temperature performance of bituminous binders. The plastomeric additive adversely affected the flexibility of the binders. When using the additives together, it was determined that if 3.5% SBS + 1.0% Plastomeric additive is used, the General Directorate of Highways specification requirements were met and a similar performance level was achieved with 4.5% SBS.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bitumen,Elastomer,Plastomer,Hybrid additive,Rheology

Kaynakça

1. Gonzalez O., Munoz M.E., Santamaria A., Garcia M.G Navarro F.J., Partal P., Rheology and Stability of Bitumen/EVA Blends, European Polymer Journal, 40, 2365-2372, 2004.
2. Rahman M.N., Ahmeduzzaman M., Sobhan M.A., Ahmed T.U., Performance evaluation of waste polyethylene and PVC on hot asphalt mixtures, American Journal of Civil Engineering and Achitecture, 1 (5), 97–102, 2013.
3. Mohammadiroudbari M., Tavakoli A., Aghjeh M.K.R., Rahi M., Effect of nanoclay on the morphology of polyethylene modified bitumen, Construction and Building Materials, 116, 245–251, 2016.
4. Formela K., Sulkowski M., Saeb M.R., Colom X., Haponiuk J.T., Assessment ofmicrostructure, physical and thermal properties of bitumen modified with LDPE/GTR/elastomer ternary blends, Construction and Building Materials, 106, 160–167, 2016.
5. Daryaee D., Ameri M., Mansourkhaki A., Utilizing of waste polymer modified bitumen in combination with rejuvenator in high reclaimed asphalt pavement mixtures, Construction and Building Materials, 235, 1-11, 2020.
6. Schaur A., Unterberger S., Lackner R., Impact of molecular structure of SBS on thermomechanical properties of polymer modified bitumen, European Polymer Journal, 96, 256-265, 2017.
7. Ragni D., Ferrotti G., Lu X., Canestrari F., Effect of temperature and chemical additives on the short-term ageing of polymer modified bitumen for WMA, Materials & Design, 160, 514-526, 2018.
8. Yusoff N.I.Md., Alhamali D.I., Ibrahim A.N.H. Hassan N.A., Engineering characteristics of nanosilica/ polymer modified bitumen and predicting their rheological properties using multilayer perceptron neural network model, Construction and Building Materials, 204, 781-799, 2019.

9. Rajan S., Sutton M.A., Oseli A., Emri I., Matta F., Linear viscoelastic creep compliance and retardation spectra of bitumen impregnated fiberglass mat and polymer modified bitumen, Construction and Building Materials, 155, 664-679, 2017.
10. Gonzalez E., Costa L.M.B., Silva H.M.R.D., Hilliou L., Rheological characterization of EVA and HDPE polymer modified bitumen under large deformation at 20°C, Construction and Building Materials, 112, 756-764, 2016.
11. Ghoreishi A., Koosha M., Nasirizadeh N., Modification of bitumen by EPDM blended with hybrid nanoparticles: Physical, thermal, and rheological properties, Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, 1-14, 2018.
12. Ezzat E. Abed A. H., Enhancement rheological properties of asphalt binder modified with hybrid polymers according to superpave system, Materials Today: Proceedings, Article in press, 2020.
13. Lecomte M. Hacker S. Teymourpour P. Bahia H., Use of plastomeric additives to improve mechanical performance of warm mix asphalt, 6th Eurasphalt & Eurobitume Congress, Prague-Czech, Republic, 1-3 June, 2016.
14. Yan K., Tian S.,Chen J., Liu J., High temperature rheological properties of APAO and EVA compound modified asphalt, Construction and Building Materials, 233, 1-11, 2020.
15. Selvavathi V., Sekar V. A., Sriram V., Sairam B., Modifications of bitumen by elastomer and reactive polymer - A comparative study, Petroleum Science and Technology, 20(5-6), 535-547, 2007.
16. Mandrwalia A.K., Gaur A., Mittal A., Labratory study on SBS modified bitumen with Titan coplymer, Journal of Civil Engineering and Environmental Technology, 1:3, 5-8, 2017.
17. Kok B.V., Yılmaz M., Akpolat M., Effect of CR and FT-paraffin versus SBS modification in terms of conventional and rheological properties, International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 18(12), 1052-1059, 2017.
18. KRATON. Polimer. https://kraton.com/products/pdsDocs/polymer/D1101K.pdf. Yayın tarihi Ocak 9, 2018. Erişim tarihi Şubat 20, 2020.
19. Öner J., Farklı vaks türleri ile üretilen bitümlerin reolojik özelliklerinin asfalt betonu performansı üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi, Doktora Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İzmir, 2016.
20. Lav A. H., Lav M. A., Shell Bitüm El Kitabı, İSFALT Bilimsel Yayınları, No: 3, 334 s, 2004.
21. Lu X., Uhlback P., Soenen H., Investigation of bitumen low temperature properties using a dynamic shear rheometer with 4mm parallel plates, International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology, 10:1, 15-23, 2016.
22. Mehra S., Mittal A., Sharma P N., Laboratory Study on CRMB Modified Bitumen Mixes with Titan Polymer. Journal of Civil Engineering and Environmental Technology, 1(3), 5-8, 2014.
23. Zhu J. Birgisson B. Kringos N., Polymer modification of bitumen: Advances and challenges, European Polymer Journal, 54(1), 18-38, 2014.
24. Garilli E., Autelitano F., Giuliani F., Use of bending beam rheometer test for rheological analysis of asphalt emulsion-cement mastics in cold in-place recycling, Construction and Building Materials, 222, 484-492, 2019.
25. Zhou J., Chen X., Xu G., Fu Q., Evaluation of low temperature performance for SBS/CR compound modified asphalt binders based on fractional viscoelastic model, Construction and Building Materials, 214, 326-336, 2019.