İstanbul kent içi elektrikli ulaşım sistemlerine yönelik enerji yönetim sistemi: cer tüketim performans takip sistemi öneri ve değerlendirmesi

Öz

Enerji verimliliği çalışmalarında iyileşmenin sürekliliğini sağlamak için Enerji Yönetim Sistemlerinin (EnYS) kurulması ve kullanılması tavsiye edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, ulaşım sistemleri içerisinde elektrik tüketiminde ağırlıklı bir yere sahip olan ve ülkemizin en büyük kent içi raylı sistemi olan İstanbul kent içi elektrikli raylı ulaşım sistemleri (Metro, Tramvay ve Füniküler hatları) için önerilen EnYS tanıtılmıştır. Ayrıca EnYS kapsamında kurulan ölçme ve izleme sisteminden alınan ölçümlerle hangi verilerin ne şekilde değerlendirilebileceği ile ilgili örnekler sunulmuş, enerji verimliliği çalışmaları için işleyişle ilgili önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Çalışmada, İstanbul kent içi raylı ulaşım sistemlerine ait 6 metro, 3 tramvay, 1 füniküler, 2 teleferik hattı olmak üzere toplam 12 hattın enerji tüketimi incelenmiştir. Trenlerin teşkil ettiği hareketli sistemlerin (CER) toplam tüketimin %55-60’ını oluşturması sebebi ile ana tüketici olduğu, geri kalan tüketimlerin ise yardımcı tesisler olarak anılan istasyonlara ait aydınlatma-priz (%14-16), asansör-yürüyen merdiven (%6-8), havalandırma sistemleri (%6-8), ticari alanlar (%4-6) ile atölyeler (%3-5) ve idari ofislerde (%2-3) tüketildiği tespit edilmiştir. EnYS kapsamında hatların performanslarını belirlemek ve kıyaslamak için Enerji Performans Göstergeleri oluşturulmuş ve enerji verimliliğinde ki iyileşmenin sürekli ve maksimum olması hedeflenmiştir. Hatların CER performansları incelenmiş ve sefer süresi düzenlemesi ile ilk etapta %17’ ye varan oranlarda enerji tasarrufu sağlanabileceği hesaplanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Enerji Yönetim Sistemi
• Enerji Verimliliği
• Raylı Sistemler
• CER Enerji Tüketimi
• CER Sistemleri
• Raylı Taşıma Sistemlerinde Enerji Verimliliği

Kaynakça

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