BİYODİZEL İLE ÇALIŞAN BİR DİZEL MOTORDA YAKIT PÜSKÜRTME AVANSININ PERFORMANS VE EGZOZ EMİSYONLARINA ETKİSİ

Öz

Biyodizel, yapısında oksijen bulunduran, sülfür içermeyen, zehirleyici etkisi olmayan, doğada bozunabilir veyenilenebilir bir alternatif dizel motor yakıtıdır. Dizel yakıta göre daha az karbon monoksit, hidrokarbon ve isemisyonu yaydıkları bilinmektedir. Dizel motorlarda herhangi bir ayar ve değişiklik yapılmadankullanılabilmektedir. Püskürtme zamanlaması motor performansı ve egzoz emisyonlarını etkileyen önemliparametrelerden birisidir. Bu parametrelerin optimize edilmesi ile hem yakıt ekonomisi sağlanırken hem dezararlı egzoz emisyonları azaltılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, biyodizelin yakıt olarak kullanıldığı bir motordapüskürtme avansının motor performansı ve emisyonlarına etkileri dört zamanlı, tek silindirli bir dizel motordaaraştırılmıştır. Püskürtme zamanlaması 24,9, 26,6 ve 28,5°KMA için tam yükte motor momenti, efektif güç,özgül yakıt tüketimi, egzoz gaz sıcaklıkları ile CO, HC ve NOx emisyonları ölçülmüştür. Biyodizel ile çalışmadapüskürtme avansının 26,6°KMA’ya artırılmasıyla motor momenti ve efektif güçte yaklaşık %6’ya kadar artış veözgül yakıt tüketiminde %8’e kadar iyileşme görülmüştür. Ayrıca, CO ve HC emisyonlarında azalma eldeedilirken, NOx emisyonlarında %4-11 arasında değişen artışlar belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dizel motor, biyodizel, püskürtme avansı, motor performansı, egzoz emisyonları.

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