ÇİFT GEÇİŞLİ L BAND ERBİYUM KATKILI FİBER YÜKSELTECİN SICAKLIK BAĞIMLILIĞININ İNCELENMESİ
Yıl 2012,
Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 0 - , 19.02.2013
Murat Yücel
H. Haldun Göktaş
Öz
Bu çalışmada, tek geçişli (SP) ve çift geçişli (DP) L band erbiyum katkılı fiber yükseltecin (L-EDFA) sıcaklığabağımlı kazanç değişimi incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla L-EDFA, 0 °C ile 60 °C arasındaki sıcaklık aralığında, -20dBm güçteki giriş sinyalleri ve 980 nm pompa lazerleri ile iki yönlü pompalanarak deneysel olarak incelenmiştir.Deneysel sonuçlar DP L-EDFA kazancının SP L-EDFA kazancından daha yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir.Ancak sonuçlar aynı zamanda DP L-EDFA’nın sıcaklık bağımlılığının SP L-EDFA’dan daha yüksek olduğunuda göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, DP L-EDFA’nın 1568 nm - 1588 nm aralığında sıcaklıktan bağımsız olarakçalıştırılabileceği görülmüştür.
Kaynakça
-
Yamada, M., “Overview of wideband optical
-
fiber amplification technologies”, NTT
-
Technical Review, 2(12), 34, 2004.
-
Sakamoto, T., Mori, A., Masuda, H., Ono, H.,
-
“Wideband rare-earth-doped fiber amplification
-
technologies – Gain bandwidth expansion in the
-
C and L bands”, NTT Technical Review, 2(12),
-
, 2004.
-
Bouzid, B., Abdullah, M.K., Mahdi, M.A.,
-
“High-Gain Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier
-
Incorporating a Double-Pass Amplification
-
Technique as a Preamplifier”, Laser Physics,
-
(4), 460-463, 2008.
-
Liang, T.C., Hsu, S., “The L-band EDFA of High
-
Clamped Gain and Low Noise Figure
-
Implemented Using Fiber Bragg Grating and
-
Double-Pass Method”, Optics Comm., 281(5),
-
-1139, 2008.
-
Jamaludin, M. Z., Abdullah, M. K., Abdullah, F.,
-
Abas, A.F., MAhdi, M.A., Rahman, F., “A
-
Hybrid High-Gain Double-Pass Erbium-Doped
-
Fiber Amplifier with Dispersion Compensation
-
Feedback Loop”, Optics and Laser Technol.,
-
(2), 270-272, 2008.
-
Naji, A.W., Abidin, M. S. Z., Al-Mansoori, M.H.,
-
Faidz, A.R., Mahdi, M.A., “Experimental
-
Investigation of noise in Double-Pass Erbium-
-
Doped Fiber Amplifiers”, Laser Physics Lett.,
-
(2), 145-148, 2007.
-
Chang, C. L., Wang, L., Chiang, Y. J., “A Dual
-
Pumped Double-Pass L-Band EDFA with High
-
Gain and Low Noise”, Optics Comm., 267(1),
-
-112, 2006.
-
Altuncu, A., “Band Selection in Broadband Loop
-
ASE Source Using Seed Signal Injection”, IEEE
-
Photon. Technol. Lett., 18(9), 1043-1045, 2006.
-
Harun, S.W., Samsuri, N.M., Ahmad, H., “Gain-
-
Clamping Techniques in Two-Stage Double-Pass
-
L-Band EDFA”, Pramana-Journal of Physics,
-
(3), 539-545, 2006.
-
Yi, L.L., Zhan, L., Hu, W.S., Xia, Y.X., “Tunable
-
Gain-Clamped Double-Pass Erbium-Doped Fiber
-
Amplifier”, Optics Express, 14(2), 570-574,
-
-
-
Yi, L.L., Zhan, L., Taung, C.S., Luo, S.Y., Hu,
-
W.S., Su, Y.K., Xia, Y.X., Leng, L.F., “Low
-
Noise Figure All-Optical Gain-Clamped Parallel
-
C+L Band Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier Using
-
an Interleaver”, Optics Express, 13(12), 4519-
-
, 2005.
-
Ji, J.H., Zhan, L., Yi, L.L., Tang, C.C., Ye, Q.H.,
-
Xia, Y.X., “Low Noise-Figure Gain-Clamped L Band Double-Pass Erbium-Doped Fiber Ring
-
Lasing Amplifier with an Intereaver”, J. of
-
Lightwave Technol., 23(3), 1375-1379, 2005.
-
Samsuri, N.M., Harun, S.W., Ahmad, H.,
-
“Comparison of Performances Between Partial
-
Doublepass and full double-pass systems in Two-
-
Stage L-Band EDFA”, Laser Physics Lett.,
-
(12), 610-612, 2004.
-
Harun, S.W., Samsuri, N.M., Ahmad, H., “Gain
-
Enhancement in Partial Double-Pass L-Band
-
EDFA System Using a Band-Pass Filter”, Laser
-
Physics Lett., 2(1), 36-38, 2005.
-
Harun, S.W., Samsuri, N.M., Ahmad, H., “Gain
-
Clamping in Double-Pass L-Band EDFA Using a
-
Ring Resonator”, Microwave and Optical
-
Technol. Lett., 43(6), 484-486, 2004.
-
Naji, A.W., Abidin, M.S.Z., Kassir, A.M., Al-
-
Mansoori, M.H., Abdullah, M.K., Mahdi, M.A.,
-
“Trade-Off between Single and Double Pass
-
Amplification Schemes of 1480-nm Pumped
-
EDFA”, Microwave and Optical Technol.
-
Lett., 43(1), 38-40, 2004.
-
Yi, L.L., Zhan, L., Ji, J.H., Ye, Q.H.,, Xia, Y.X.,
-
“Improvement of gain and noise figure in doublepass
-
L-band EDFA by incorporating a fiber
-
Bragg grating”, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.,
-
(4), 1005-1007, 2004.
-
Harun, S.W., Ahmad, H., “Efficient and lownoise
-
gain flattened double-pass L-band erbiumdoped
-
fiber amplifier”, Microwave and Optical
-
Technol. Lett., 40(2), 112-114, 2004.
-
Harun, S.W., Poopalan, P., Ahmad, H., “Double
-
pass L-band erbium-doped fiber amplifier with
-
enhanced gain characteristics”, Indian Journal
-
of Physics, 77B(4), 435-437, 2003.
-
Harun, S.W., Poopalan, P., Ahmad, H., “Gain
-
enhancement in L-band EDFA through a doublepass
-
technique”, IEEE Photon.Technol. Lett.,
-
(3), 296-297, 2002.
-
Harun, S.W., Ahmad, H., “Gain Clamped Two-
-
Stage Double-Pass L-Band EDFA with a Single
-
Fibre Bragg Grating”, Chinese Physics Lett.,
-
(10), 1954-1957 2004.
-
Yucel, M., Goktas, H.H., “Design of gain
-
flattened ultra-wide band hybrid optical
-
amplifier”, J. Fac. Eng. Archit. Gazi Univ., 22,
-
–868, 2007.
-
Yucel, M., Goktas, H.H., “Gain flattening
-
configurations at the L band erbium doped fiber
-
amplifiers”, IEEE 15th Signal Process. and
-
Comm. App., 1–4, 2007.
-
Goktas, H.H., Yucel, M., “Gain flattening filter
-
optimization of the two stage C band erbium
-
doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA)”, J. Inst. Sci.
-
Technol. Sakarya Univ., 10, 10–13, 2006.
-
S., Dung, Chi, J.C., S., Wen, “Gain Flattening of
-
Erbium-doped Fibre Amplifier Using Fibre Bragg
-
Gratings”, Electronics Letters, 34(6), 555,
-
-
-
Choi, H. B., Oh, J. M., Lee, D., Ahn, S.J., Park,
-
B.S, Lee, S.B. “Simple and efficient L-Band
-
Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers for WDM
-
Networks”, Optics Comm., 213, 63-66, 2002.
-
Mahdi, M. A., Sheih, S. J. “Gain-Flattened
-
Extended L-band EDFA with 43nm Bandwidth
-
Suitable for High Signal Powers”, Optics
-
Comm., 234, 229-233, 2004.
-
Mizuno, K., Nishi, Y., Mimura, Y., Lida, Y.,
-
Matsuura, H., Yoon, D., Aso, O., Yamamoto, T.,
-
Toratani, T., Ono, Y., Yo, A. “Development of
-
Etalon-Type Gain-Flattening Filter”, Furukawa
-
Review, 19, 53-58, 2000.
-
Yucel, M., Celebi, F. V., Goktas, H.H.,
-
“Temperature independent length optimization of
-
L-band EDFAs providing flat gain”, Optik, 122
-
(10), 872-876 2011.
-
Goktas, H.H., Yucel, M., “A fuzzy logic based
-
device for the determination of temperature
-
dependence of EDFAs”, Microwave and
-
Optical Technol. Lett., 50, 2331–2334, 2008.
-
Wysocki, P., Conti, N., Holcomb, D., “Simple
-
modeling approach for the temperature
-
dependence of the gain of erbium-doped fiber
-
amplifiers”, SPIE Photonics East, Proc.:
-
Optical Devices for Fiber Comm., 3847, 214,
-
-
-
Bolshtyansky, M., Wysocki, P., Conti, N.,
-
“Model of temperature dependence for gain
-
shape of erbium-doped fiber amplifier”, J. of
-
Lightwave Technol., 18 1533–1540, 2000.
-
Lolivier, L., Grillet, A., Roy, F., Hamoir, D.,
-
“DGE-based variable gain EDFA improves both
-
gain flatness and noise figure for a 70 ◦ C
-
temperature operating range”, Optical Fiber
-
Comm. Conf. OFC/NFOEC, 4, 3, 2005.
-
Nakaji, H., Ishizawa, Y., Ohmura, M., Shibata,
-
T., Inoue, A., Shige- matsu, M., “A temperatureinsensitive
-
erbium-doped fiber amplifier for
-
terrestrial wavelength-division-multiplexing
-
systems”, IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett., 15,
-
–1524, 2003.
-
Lee, W.J., Min, B., Ahn, S., Park, N.,
-
“Simulation for the effect of cascaded gaintemperature
-
dependence on 40 channel - 50
-
EDFA WDM link under temperature
-
fluctuations”, Lasers and Electro-Optics
-
CLEO/Pacific Rim’99, 3, 646–647, 1999.
-
Im, Y.E., Oh, K., Chang, S.H., Kim, K.,
-
DiGiovanni, D.J., “Reduction of temperaturedependent
-
gain in L-band EDFA using
-
antimony–aluminum codoped silica EDF”, IEEE
-
PhotonicsTechnol. Lett., 17, 1839–1841, 2005.
-
Desurvire, E., “Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier:
-
Principles and Applications”, John Wiley and
-
Sons. Inc., NewYork, 1994.
-
McCumber, D.E., “Theory of phonon-terminated
-
optical masers”, Phys. Rev., 134, A299–A305,
-
-
-
Miniscalco, W.J., Quimby, R. S., “General
-
procedure for the analysis of Er3+ cross
-
sections”, Opt. Lett.,16, 258–260, 1991.
-
Berkdemir, C., Özsoy, S., “The temperature
-
dependent performance analysis of EDFAs
-
pumped at 1480nm: a more accurate propagation
-
equation”, Optics Express 13, 5179–5185, 2005.
-
Lin, M.C., Chi, S., “The gain and optimal length
-
in the erbium-doped fiber amplifiers with 1480
-
nm pumping”, IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett.,
-
, 354–356, 1992.
-
Yucel, M., Goktas, H.H., Ozkaraca, O.,
-
“Temperature dependence of noise figure in the
-
erbium doped fiber amplifier”, J. Fac. Eng.
-
Archit. Gazi Univ., 25(3), 635–641, 2010.
-
Yucel, M., Goktas, H.H., “Determination of
-
minimum temperature coefficient of C band
-
EDFA”, Journal of Applied Sciences, 8(23),
-
-4467, 2008.
-
Hossain, N., Naji, A. W., Mishra, V., Abbou, F.
-
M., Al-Mansoori, M. H., Mahdi, M. A., Faidz, A.
-
R., “Modeling, Optimization, and Experimental
-
Evaluation Of Remotely Pumped Double-Pass
-
EDFA”, Microwave and Optical Technol.
-
Lett., 49(9), 2257-2261, 2007.
Yıl 2012,
Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 0 - , 19.02.2013
Murat Yücel
H. Haldun Göktaş
Kaynakça
-
Yamada, M., “Overview of wideband optical
-
fiber amplification technologies”, NTT
-
Technical Review, 2(12), 34, 2004.
-
Sakamoto, T., Mori, A., Masuda, H., Ono, H.,
-
“Wideband rare-earth-doped fiber amplification
-
technologies – Gain bandwidth expansion in the
-
C and L bands”, NTT Technical Review, 2(12),
-
, 2004.
-
Bouzid, B., Abdullah, M.K., Mahdi, M.A.,
-
“High-Gain Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier
-
Incorporating a Double-Pass Amplification
-
Technique as a Preamplifier”, Laser Physics,
-
(4), 460-463, 2008.
-
Liang, T.C., Hsu, S., “The L-band EDFA of High
-
Clamped Gain and Low Noise Figure
-
Implemented Using Fiber Bragg Grating and
-
Double-Pass Method”, Optics Comm., 281(5),
-
-1139, 2008.
-
Jamaludin, M. Z., Abdullah, M. K., Abdullah, F.,
-
Abas, A.F., MAhdi, M.A., Rahman, F., “A
-
Hybrid High-Gain Double-Pass Erbium-Doped
-
Fiber Amplifier with Dispersion Compensation
-
Feedback Loop”, Optics and Laser Technol.,
-
(2), 270-272, 2008.
-
Naji, A.W., Abidin, M. S. Z., Al-Mansoori, M.H.,
-
Faidz, A.R., Mahdi, M.A., “Experimental
-
Investigation of noise in Double-Pass Erbium-
-
Doped Fiber Amplifiers”, Laser Physics Lett.,
-
(2), 145-148, 2007.
-
Chang, C. L., Wang, L., Chiang, Y. J., “A Dual
-
Pumped Double-Pass L-Band EDFA with High
-
Gain and Low Noise”, Optics Comm., 267(1),
-
-112, 2006.
-
Altuncu, A., “Band Selection in Broadband Loop
-
ASE Source Using Seed Signal Injection”, IEEE
-
Photon. Technol. Lett., 18(9), 1043-1045, 2006.
-
Harun, S.W., Samsuri, N.M., Ahmad, H., “Gain-
-
Clamping Techniques in Two-Stage Double-Pass
-
L-Band EDFA”, Pramana-Journal of Physics,
-
(3), 539-545, 2006.
-
Yi, L.L., Zhan, L., Hu, W.S., Xia, Y.X., “Tunable
-
Gain-Clamped Double-Pass Erbium-Doped Fiber
-
Amplifier”, Optics Express, 14(2), 570-574,
-
-
-
Yi, L.L., Zhan, L., Taung, C.S., Luo, S.Y., Hu,
-
W.S., Su, Y.K., Xia, Y.X., Leng, L.F., “Low
-
Noise Figure All-Optical Gain-Clamped Parallel
-
C+L Band Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier Using
-
an Interleaver”, Optics Express, 13(12), 4519-
-
, 2005.
-
Ji, J.H., Zhan, L., Yi, L.L., Tang, C.C., Ye, Q.H.,
-
Xia, Y.X., “Low Noise-Figure Gain-Clamped L Band Double-Pass Erbium-Doped Fiber Ring
-
Lasing Amplifier with an Intereaver”, J. of
-
Lightwave Technol., 23(3), 1375-1379, 2005.
-
Samsuri, N.M., Harun, S.W., Ahmad, H.,
-
“Comparison of Performances Between Partial
-
Doublepass and full double-pass systems in Two-
-
Stage L-Band EDFA”, Laser Physics Lett.,
-
(12), 610-612, 2004.
-
Harun, S.W., Samsuri, N.M., Ahmad, H., “Gain
-
Enhancement in Partial Double-Pass L-Band
-
EDFA System Using a Band-Pass Filter”, Laser
-
Physics Lett., 2(1), 36-38, 2005.
-
Harun, S.W., Samsuri, N.M., Ahmad, H., “Gain
-
Clamping in Double-Pass L-Band EDFA Using a
-
Ring Resonator”, Microwave and Optical
-
Technol. Lett., 43(6), 484-486, 2004.
-
Naji, A.W., Abidin, M.S.Z., Kassir, A.M., Al-
-
Mansoori, M.H., Abdullah, M.K., Mahdi, M.A.,
-
“Trade-Off between Single and Double Pass
-
Amplification Schemes of 1480-nm Pumped
-
EDFA”, Microwave and Optical Technol.
-
Lett., 43(1), 38-40, 2004.
-
Yi, L.L., Zhan, L., Ji, J.H., Ye, Q.H.,, Xia, Y.X.,
-
“Improvement of gain and noise figure in doublepass
-
L-band EDFA by incorporating a fiber
-
Bragg grating”, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.,
-
(4), 1005-1007, 2004.
-
Harun, S.W., Ahmad, H., “Efficient and lownoise
-
gain flattened double-pass L-band erbiumdoped
-
fiber amplifier”, Microwave and Optical
-
Technol. Lett., 40(2), 112-114, 2004.
-
Harun, S.W., Poopalan, P., Ahmad, H., “Double
-
pass L-band erbium-doped fiber amplifier with
-
enhanced gain characteristics”, Indian Journal
-
of Physics, 77B(4), 435-437, 2003.
-
Harun, S.W., Poopalan, P., Ahmad, H., “Gain
-
enhancement in L-band EDFA through a doublepass
-
technique”, IEEE Photon.Technol. Lett.,
-
(3), 296-297, 2002.
-
Harun, S.W., Ahmad, H., “Gain Clamped Two-
-
Stage Double-Pass L-Band EDFA with a Single
-
Fibre Bragg Grating”, Chinese Physics Lett.,
-
(10), 1954-1957 2004.
-
Yucel, M., Goktas, H.H., “Design of gain
-
flattened ultra-wide band hybrid optical
-
amplifier”, J. Fac. Eng. Archit. Gazi Univ., 22,
-
–868, 2007.
-
Yucel, M., Goktas, H.H., “Gain flattening
-
configurations at the L band erbium doped fiber
-
amplifiers”, IEEE 15th Signal Process. and
-
Comm. App., 1–4, 2007.
-
Goktas, H.H., Yucel, M., “Gain flattening filter
-
optimization of the two stage C band erbium
-
doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA)”, J. Inst. Sci.
-
Technol. Sakarya Univ., 10, 10–13, 2006.
-
S., Dung, Chi, J.C., S., Wen, “Gain Flattening of
-
Erbium-doped Fibre Amplifier Using Fibre Bragg
-
Gratings”, Electronics Letters, 34(6), 555,
-
-
-
Choi, H. B., Oh, J. M., Lee, D., Ahn, S.J., Park,
-
B.S, Lee, S.B. “Simple and efficient L-Band
-
Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers for WDM
-
Networks”, Optics Comm., 213, 63-66, 2002.
-
Mahdi, M. A., Sheih, S. J. “Gain-Flattened
-
Extended L-band EDFA with 43nm Bandwidth
-
Suitable for High Signal Powers”, Optics
-
Comm., 234, 229-233, 2004.
-
Mizuno, K., Nishi, Y., Mimura, Y., Lida, Y.,
-
Matsuura, H., Yoon, D., Aso, O., Yamamoto, T.,
-
Toratani, T., Ono, Y., Yo, A. “Development of
-
Etalon-Type Gain-Flattening Filter”, Furukawa
-
Review, 19, 53-58, 2000.
-
Yucel, M., Celebi, F. V., Goktas, H.H.,
-
“Temperature independent length optimization of
-
L-band EDFAs providing flat gain”, Optik, 122
-
(10), 872-876 2011.
-
Goktas, H.H., Yucel, M., “A fuzzy logic based
-
device for the determination of temperature
-
dependence of EDFAs”, Microwave and
-
Optical Technol. Lett., 50, 2331–2334, 2008.
-
Wysocki, P., Conti, N., Holcomb, D., “Simple
-
modeling approach for the temperature
-
dependence of the gain of erbium-doped fiber
-
amplifiers”, SPIE Photonics East, Proc.:
-
Optical Devices for Fiber Comm., 3847, 214,
-
-
-
Bolshtyansky, M., Wysocki, P., Conti, N.,
-
“Model of temperature dependence for gain
-
shape of erbium-doped fiber amplifier”, J. of
-
Lightwave Technol., 18 1533–1540, 2000.
-
Lolivier, L., Grillet, A., Roy, F., Hamoir, D.,
-
“DGE-based variable gain EDFA improves both
-
gain flatness and noise figure for a 70 ◦ C
-
temperature operating range”, Optical Fiber
-
Comm. Conf. OFC/NFOEC, 4, 3, 2005.
-
Nakaji, H., Ishizawa, Y., Ohmura, M., Shibata,
-
T., Inoue, A., Shige- matsu, M., “A temperatureinsensitive
-
erbium-doped fiber amplifier for
-
terrestrial wavelength-division-multiplexing
-
systems”, IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett., 15,
-
–1524, 2003.
-
Lee, W.J., Min, B., Ahn, S., Park, N.,
-
“Simulation for the effect of cascaded gaintemperature
-
dependence on 40 channel - 50
-
EDFA WDM link under temperature
-
fluctuations”, Lasers and Electro-Optics
-
CLEO/Pacific Rim’99, 3, 646–647, 1999.
-
Im, Y.E., Oh, K., Chang, S.H., Kim, K.,
-
DiGiovanni, D.J., “Reduction of temperaturedependent
-
gain in L-band EDFA using
-
antimony–aluminum codoped silica EDF”, IEEE
-
PhotonicsTechnol. Lett., 17, 1839–1841, 2005.
-
Desurvire, E., “Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier:
-
Principles and Applications”, John Wiley and
-
Sons. Inc., NewYork, 1994.
-
McCumber, D.E., “Theory of phonon-terminated
-
optical masers”, Phys. Rev., 134, A299–A305,
-
-
-
Miniscalco, W.J., Quimby, R. S., “General
-
procedure for the analysis of Er3+ cross
-
sections”, Opt. Lett.,16, 258–260, 1991.
-
Berkdemir, C., Özsoy, S., “The temperature
-
dependent performance analysis of EDFAs
-
pumped at 1480nm: a more accurate propagation
-
equation”, Optics Express 13, 5179–5185, 2005.
-
Lin, M.C., Chi, S., “The gain and optimal length
-
in the erbium-doped fiber amplifiers with 1480
-
nm pumping”, IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett.,
-
, 354–356, 1992.
-
Yucel, M., Goktas, H.H., Ozkaraca, O.,
-
“Temperature dependence of noise figure in the
-
erbium doped fiber amplifier”, J. Fac. Eng.
-
Archit. Gazi Univ., 25(3), 635–641, 2010.
-
Yucel, M., Goktas, H.H., “Determination of
-
minimum temperature coefficient of C band
-
EDFA”, Journal of Applied Sciences, 8(23),
-
-4467, 2008.
-
Hossain, N., Naji, A. W., Mishra, V., Abbou, F.
-
M., Al-Mansoori, M. H., Mahdi, M. A., Faidz, A.
-
R., “Modeling, Optimization, and Experimental
-
Evaluation Of Remotely Pumped Double-Pass
-
EDFA”, Microwave and Optical Technol.
-
Lett., 49(9), 2257-2261, 2007.