OYUK YÜKLÜ KOMPAKT MİKROŞERİT ANTENLERİN REZONANS FREKANSININ HESAPLANMASINDA YSA VE BMSDUA YÖNTEMLERİNİN KULLANIMI

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 1, 0 - 0, 23.03.2016

Ahmet Kayabaşı Ali Akdağlı

https://doi.org/10.17341/gummfd.71495

Cited By: 2

Öz

Mikroşerit antenler (MA), diğer mikrodalga antenlere olan bazı üstünlükleri nedeniyle günümüzde kablosuz haberleşmenin hemen hemen her alanında kullanılmaktadırlar. MA’ların iletken kısımlarında modifikasyon yaparak kompakt mikroşerit antenler (KMA) elde edilir. KMA’nın MA’ya göre temel avantajı, aynı rezonans frekansı için önemli oranda daha küçük boyutlarda gerçekleştirilmesidir. Literatürde, dikdörtgen halka şekilli KMA (DHKMA), C şekilli KMA (CKMA), E şekilli KMA (EKMA),  H şekilli KMA (HKMA) ve L şekilli KMA’ların (LKMA) rezonans frekansı hesabı için yapay sinir ağları (YSA) ve/veya bulanık mantık sitemine dayalı uyarlanır ağ (BMSDUA) modelleri kullanılmıştır. Slot yüklü bu KMA’ların rezonans ferkansı hesabı için kullanılan YSA ve BMSDUA modelleri ile elde edilen sonuçlar, literatürdeki diğer metotlar ile elde edilen sonuçlar ile karşılaştırılmış ve daha başarılı olduğu görülmüştür. Bu sonuçlara göre düzgün geometriye sahip olmayan slot yüklü KMA’ların rezonans frekansı hesabı için yapay zeka tekniklerinden YSA ve BMSDUA ağlarının başarılı bir şekilde kullanılabileceği görülmektedir. Ayrıca YSA ve BMSDUA çalışmaları incelendiğinde diğer metotlara göre daha hızlı ve etkili olduğu sonucu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu tarama çalışmasında, slot yüklü KMA’ların rezonans frekansı hesabı için literatürde sunulan YSA ve BMSDUA modellerini kullanan çalışmalar incelenmiş ve sonuçlar diğer metotlarla elde edilen sonuçlar ile karşılaştırılmıştır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mikroşerit antenler, kompakt mikroşerit antenler, rezonans frekansı, yapay sinir ağları (YSA), bulanık mantık sistemine dayalı uyarlanır ağ (BMSDUA)

Kaynakça

• Sainati, R. A. CAD of Microstrip Antennas for Wireless Applications, Nowood, MA: Artech House, 1996.
• Garg, R., Bhartia, P., Bahl, I. ve Ittipiboon, A., Microstrip Antenna Design Handbook, Londra, Artech House, 2001.
• Kumar, G. ve Ray, K.P. Broadband Microstrip Antennas, Artech House, USA, 2003.
• Yang, M. ve Chen, Y., “A novel U-shaped planar microstrip antenna for dual frequency mobile telephone communications”, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Cilt 49, No 6, 1002-1004, 2001.
• Chuang, H.-R. ve Kuo, L.-C., “3D FDTD design analysis of a 2.4 GHz polarization diversity printed dipole antenna with integrated balun and polarization switching circuit for WLAN and wireless communication applications”, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Cilt 51, No 2, 374-381, 2003.
• Chen, H.-M., Chen, J.-M., Cheng, P.-S. ve Lin, T.-F., “Feed for dual-band printed dipole antenna”, Electron. Lett., Cilt 40, No 21, 1320-1322, 2004.
• Liao, W.-J., Lu, Y.-C. ve Chou, H.-T., “A multiband microstrip dipole antenna”, IEEE Antennas Propagat. Int. Symp., Cilt 1, 462-465, 3-8 July, 2005.
• Rmili, H., Floc’h, J. M., Besnier, P. ve Drissi, M., “A dual-band printed dipole antenna for IMT-2000 and 5-GHz WLAN applications”, Proceedings of the 9th European Conference on Wireless Technology, 6-10, 2006.
• Wong, K.-L., Lin, Y.-C. ve Tseng, T.-C., “Thin internal GSM/DCS patch antenna for a portable mobile terminal”, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Cilt 54, No 1, 238-242, 2006.
• Sagiroglu, S. ve Güney, K., “Calculation of resonant frequency for an equilateral triangular microstrip antenna with the use of artificial neural networks”, Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Cilt 14, No 2, 1997.
• Guney, K. ve Gultekin, S. S., “Artificial neural networks for resonant frequency calculation of rectangular microstrip antennas with thin and thick substrates”, International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves, Cilt 25, No 9, 2004.
• Guney, K. ve Sarikaya, N. “Input resistance calculation for circular microstrip antennas using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system”, International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves, Cilt 25, No 4, 703-716, 2004.
• Krishna, D. D., Gopikrishna, M., Aanandan, C. K., Mohanan, P. ve Vasudevan, K., “Compact dual band slot loaded circular microstrip antenna with a superstrate”, Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Cilt 83, 245-255, 2008.
• Paulson, M., Kundukulam, S.O., Aanandan, C.K. ve Mohanan, P., “Resonance frequencies of compact microstrip antenna”, Electron Lett, Cilt 37, 1151-1153, 2001.
• Gao, S.C., Li, L. W., Leong, M. S. ve Yeo, T. S., “Analysis of an H-shaped patch antenna by using FDTD method”, Prog Electromagn Res, Cilt 34, 165-187, 2001.
• Sheta, A.F., Mohra, A. ve Mahmoud, S.F., “Multi-band operation of a compact H-shaped microstrip antenna”, Microw Opt Techn Let, Cilt 35, 363-367, 2002.
• Deshmukh, A. A. ve Kumar, G., “Formulation of resonant frequency for compact rectangular microstrip antennas”, Micrwave and Optical Technology Letters, Cilt 49, No 2, 498-501, 2007.
• Akdagli, A. Ozdemir, C., Yamacli, S. ve Arcasoy, C. C., “Improved formulas for the resonant frequencies of dual frequency arrow shaped compact microstrip antenna”, Microwave Opt Technol Lett, Cilt 50, 62-65, 2008.
• Akdagli, A. ve Toktas, A. “A novel expression in calculating resonant frequency of H-shaped compact microstrip antennas obtained by using artificial bee colony algorithm”, J Electromagnet Wave, Cilt 24, No 14-15, 2049-4061, 2010.
• Akdagli, A., Bicer, M.B., ve Ermis, S., “A novel expression for resonant length obtained by using artificial bee colony algorithm in calculating resonant frequency of C-shaped compact microstrip antennas”, Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, Cilt 19, 597-606, 2011.
• Toktas A., Akdagli A., Bicer M.B., ve Kayabasi, A., “Simple formulas for calculating resonant frequencies of C and H shaped compact microstrip antennas obtained by using artificial bee colony algorithm”, Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Cilt 25, 1718-1729, 2011.
• Bhattacharyya, A. K. ve Garg, R., “A generalized transmission line model for microstip patches”, IEE Proc Microwave Antennas Propag, Cilt 132, No 2, 93-98, 1985.
• Richards, W. F., Lo, Y. T. ve Harrisson, D. D., “An improved theory for microstrip antennas and applications”, IEEE T Antenn Propag, Cilt 29, 38-46, 1981.
• Harrington, R. F., Field Computation by Moment Methods, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, 1993.
• Taflove, A., Computational Electrodynamics: The Finite - Difference Time Domain Method, Boston, Artech House, 1995.
• Haykin, S., Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation, Macmillan College Publishing Company, New York, A.B.D., 1994.
• Turker, N., Gunes, F. ve Yildirim, T., “Artificial neural design of microstrip antennas”, Turk J Elec Engine, Cilt 14, No 3, 2006.
• Thakare, V. V. ve Singhal, P., “Microstrip antenna design using artificial neural networks”, International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, Cilt 20, 76-86, 2010.
• Tighilt, Y., Bouttout, F. ve Khellaf A., “Modeling and design of printed antennas using neural networks”, International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, Cilt 21, 228-233, 2011.
• Guney, K. ve Sarikaya, N., “Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system for computing the resonant frequency of circular microstrip antennas”, The Applied Computational Electromagnetic Society, Cilt 19, No 3, 2004.
• Jang, J. S. R., “ANFIS: Adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system”, IEEE Transactions on Systems, 23(3), 665-685, (1993).
• Jang, J.-S.R., “Self-learning fuzzy controllers based on temporal backpropagation”, IEEE Trans. Neural Netw., Cilt 3, No 5, 714-723, 1992.
• Sagiroglu, S., Güney, K. ve Erler, M., “Resonant frequency calculation for circular microstrip antennas using artificial neural networks”, Int J RF and Microwave CAE, Cilt 8, 270-277, 1998.
• Karaboğa, D., Güney K., Sağıroğlu S. ve Erler M., “Neural computation of resonant frequency of electrically thin and thick rectangular microstrip antennas”, IEE Proc-Microw. Antennas Propag., Cilt 146, No 2, 1999.
• Koçer, D., Daire ve Dikdörtgen Geometrik Yapılı Mikroşerit Antenlerin Simülasyonu ve Rezonans Frekanslarının Yapay Sinir Ağları ile Belirlenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya, Türkiye, 2009.
• Merad L., Bendimerad F. T. ve Meriah, S. M., “Design and resonant frequency calculation of rectangular microstrip antennas”, International Journal of Numerical Modelling: Electronic Networks, Devices and Fields, Cilt 24, 144-153, 2011.
• Yildiz, C., Gultekin, S., Guney, K. ve Sagiroglu, S., “Neural models for the resonant frequency of electrically thin and thick circular microstrip antennas and the characteristic parameters of asymmetric coplanar waveguides backed with a conductor”, Int. J. Electron. Commun., Cilt 56, No 6, 396−406, 2002.
• Brinhole, E. R. Destro, J. F. Z., de Freitas, A. A. C. ve de Alcantara, N. P. Jr., “Determination of resonant frequencies of triangular and rectangular microstrip antennas, using artificial neural networks”, Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium, Hangzhou, China, 22-26, 2005.
• Gupta, P., Gupta, R., Sharma, R. ve Yadav, B., “Calculation of resonating frequency of an equilateral triangular microstrip antenna using artificial neural network”, Advanced Computational Techniques in Electromagnetics, Article ID acte-00126, 8 Pages doi: 10.5899/2013/acte-00126, 2013.
• Ouchar, A., Aksas, R. and Baudrand, H., “Artificial neural network for computing the resonant frequency of circular patch antennas,” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Cilt 47, No 6, 2005.
• Sarıkaya Baştürk N., Bulanik Mantik Sistemleri ile Çeşitli Tipteki Mikroşerit Antenlerin Karakteristik Parametrelerinin Hesaplanmasi, Doktora Tezi, Erciyes Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Kayseri, Türkiye, 2009.
• Angiulli, G. ve Versaci, M., “Resonant Frequency Evaluation of Microstrip Antennas Using a Neural-Fuzzy Approach”, IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, Cilt 39, No 3, 1333-1336, 2003.
• Akdagli A., Kayabasi A. ve Develi İ., "Computing Resonant Frequency of C-Shaped Compact Microstrip Antennas by Using ANFIS", International Journal of Electronics, DOI: 10.1080/00207217.2014.897379, 2014.
• Kayabasi A., Bicer M. B., Akdagli A. ve Toktas A., “Computing Resonant Frequency of H-Shaped Compact Microstrip Antennas Operating at UHF Band by Using Artificial Neural Networks”, J. Fac. Eng. Arch. Gazi Univ., Cilt 26, No 4, 833-840, 2011.
• Akdagli A., Toktas A., Kayabasi A. ve Develi İ., " An Application of Artificial Neural Network to Compute the Resonant Frequency of E-Shaped Compact Microstrip Antennas", Journal of Electrical Engineering- Elektrotechnicky Casopis, Cilt 64, No 5, 317-322, 2013.
• Kayabasi A., Toktas A., Akdagli A., Bicer M. B. ve Ustun D., “Applications of ANN and ANFIS to Predict the Resonant Frequency of L-shaped Compact Microstrip Antennas”, The Applied Computational Electromagnetic Society , Cilt 29, No 6, 460-469, 2014.
• Akdagli A., Toktas A., Bicer M. B., Kayabasi A., Ustun D., ve Kurt K., "ANFIS Model for Determining Resonant Frequency of Rectangular Ring Compact Microstrip Antennas", International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics Mechanics, in the status of pre-press, DOI: 10.3233/JAE-141784, 2014.
• Ooi B. L ve Shen Q., “A novel E-shaped broadband microstrip patch antenna”, Microwave Opt Technol Lett, Cilt 27, No 5, 348-352, 2000.
• Yang, F., Zhang, X. X., Ye, X. N. ve Rahmat-Samii, Y., “Wide-band E-shaped patch antennas for wireless communications”, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Cilt 49, 1094-1100, 2001.
• Neog, D. K., Pattnaik, S. S., Panda, D. C., Devi, S., Dutta, M. ve Bajpai, O. P., “New expression for the resonance frequency of an E-shaped microstrip patch antenna”, Microwave Opt Technol Lett, Cilt 48, 1561-1563, 2006.
• Neog, D. K. ve Devi, R., “Determination of resonant frequency of slot-loaded rectangular microstrip patch antennas”, Microw Opt Techn Let, Cilt 52, No 2, 446-448, 2010.
• Gunel, T., “Modified resonant frequency calculation for E-shaped and H-shaped microstrip patch antennas”, Microwave Opt Technol Lett, Cilt 53, 2348-2351, 2011.
• Toktas A. ve Akdagli A., “Computation of resonant frequency of E-shaped compact microstrip antennas”, J. Fac. Eng. Arch. Gazi Univ., Cilt 27, 847-854, 2012.
• Chen, Z.N., “Radiation pattern of a probe fed L-shaped plate antenna”, Microw. Opt. Techn. Let., Cilt 27, 410-413, 2000.