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MİKROALGLERDEN YENİLENEBİLİR BİYOYAKIT ÜRETİMİ

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 3, 0 - 0, 07.09.2017
https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.337627

Öz

Enerji ihtiyacının büyük bir bölümünü karşılayan fosil yakıt rezervleri hızla tükenmektedir ve bu yakıtların çevresel zararları her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bu sebeple, tüm gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkeler gibi ülkemiz de yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanımına yönelmiştir. Bu kapsamda ülkemizde, yenilenebilir enerji yasası çıkarılarak yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının ekonomiye kazandırılması, sürdürülebilir enerji üretiminin desteklenmesi ve çevrenin korunması amaçlanmıştır. Son dönemde önemi artan yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından bir tanesi de biyokütle enerjisidir. Biyokütle enerji kaynağı olarak, ana bileşenleri karbonhidrat bileşikleri olan bitkisel ve hayvansal kökenli tüm organik maddeler kullanılabilmektedir. Bu enerji kaynakları içerisinde mikroalgler, yüksek fotosentetik etkinlikleri, yüksek biyokütle üretimleri ve hızlı çoğalmaları gibi avantajlarıyla biyoyakıt üretimi için umut verici görülmektedir. Mikroalglerden, biyokimyasal yöntemler ile elektrik, etanol, hidrojen, metan ve biyoyağ üretilebildiği gibi termokimyasal yöntemler kullanılarak singaz, biyoyağ ve elektrik üretilebilmektedir. Bu derleme makalesinde, mikroalglerin izolasyonu, mikroalgal biyokütle üretimi, biyokütlenin hasadında kullanılan yöntemler ve mikroalglerin yenilenebilir biyoyakıtlar için ham madde kaynağı olarak kullanılabilirliği ele alınmıştır.

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  • da Silva, T.L., Reis, A., Medeiros, R., Oliveira, A.C. ve Gouveia, L., “Oil Production Towards Biofuel from Autotrophic Microalgae Semicontinuous Cultivations Monitorized by Flow Cytometry”, Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Cilt 159, No 2, 568-578, 2009.
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  • Molina Grima, E., Belarbi, E.H., Acién Fernández, F.G., Robles Medina, A. ve Chisti, Y., “Recovery of microalgal biomass and metabolites: process options and economics”, Biotechnology Advances, Cilt 20, No 7–8, 491-515, 2003.
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  • Rawat, I., Ranjith Kumar, R., Mutanda, T. ve Bux, F., “Dual role of microalgae: Phycoremediation of domestic wastewater and biomass production for sustainable biofuels production”, Applied Energy, Cilt 88, No 10, 3411-3424, 2011.
  • Zhang, X., Hu, Q., Sommerfeld, M., Puruhito, E. ve Chen, Y., “Harvesting algal biomass for biofuels using ultrafiltration membranes”, Bioresource Technology, Cilt 101, No 14, 5297-5304, 2010.
  • Zhang, W., Zhang, W., Zhang, X., Amendola, P., Hu, Q. ve Chen, Y., “Characterization of dissolved organic matters responsible for ultrafiltration membrane fouling in algal harvesting”, Algal Research, Cilt 2, No 3, 223-229, 2013.
  • Schlesinger, A., Eisenstadt, D., Bar-Gil, A., Carmely, H., Einbinder, S. ve Gressel, J., “Inexpensive non-toxic flocculation of microalgae contradicts theories; overcoming a major hurdle to bulk algal production”, Biotechnology Advances, Cilt 30, No 5, 1023-1030, 2012.
  • Vandamme, D., Foubert, I. ve Muylaert, K., “Flocculation as a low-cost method for harvesting microalgae for bulk biomass production”, Trends in Biotechnology, Cilt 31, No 4, 233-239, 2013.
  • Papazi, A., Makridis, P. ve Divanach, P., “Harvesting Chlorella minutissima using cell coagulants”, Journal of Applied Phycology, Cilt 22, No 3, 349-355, 2010.
  • Xu, Y., Purton, S. ve Baganz, F., “Chitosan flocculation to aid the harvesting of the microalga Chlorella sorokiniana”, Bioresource Technology, Cilt 129, 296-301, 2013.
  • Kurniawati, H.A., Ismadji, S. ve Liu, J.C., “Microalgae harvesting by flotation using natural saponin and chitosan”, Bioresource Technology, Cilt 166, 429-434, 2014.
  • Beach, E.S., Eckelman, M.J., Cui, Z., Brentner, L. ve Zimmerman, J.B., “Preferential technological and life cycle environmental performance of chitosan flocculation for harvesting of the green algae Neochloris oleoabundans”, Bioresource Technology, Cilt 121, 445-449, 2012.
  • Renault, F., Sancey, B., Badot, P.M. ve Crini, G., “Chitosan for coagulation/flocculation processes – An eco-friendly approach”, European Polymer Journal, Cilt 45, No 5, 1337-1348, 2009.
  • Rashid, N., Rehman, M.S.U. ve Han, J.-I., “Use of chitosan acid solutions to improve separation efficiency for harvesting of the microalga Chlorella vulgaris”, Chemical Engineering Journal, Cilt 226, 238-242, 2013.
  • Salim, S., Bosma, R., Vermuë, M.H. ve Wijffels, R.H., “Harvesting of microalgae by bio-flocculation”, J Appl Phycol, Cilt 23, 849-855, 2011.
  • Hanotu, J., Bandulasena, H.C.H. ve Zimmerman, W.B., “Microflotation performance for algal separation”, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Cilt 109, No 7, 1663-1673, 2012.
  • Liu, J.C., Chen, Y.M. ve Ju, Y.H., “Separation of algal cells from water by column flotation”, Separation Science and Technology, Cilt 34, No 11, 2259-2272, 1999.
  • Rubio, J., Souza, M.L. ve Smith, R.W., “Overview of flotation as a wastewater treatment technique”, Minerals Engineering, Cilt 15, No 3, 139-155, 2002.
  • Zenouzi, A., Ghobadian, B., Hejazi, M.A. ve Rahnemoon, P., “Harvesting of Microalgae Dunaliella salina Using Electroflocculation”, Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, Cilt 15, No 5, 879-888, 2013.
  • Zhou, W., Min, M., Hu, B., Ma, X., Liu, Y., Wang, Q., Shi, J., Chen, P. ve Ruan, R., “Filamentous fungi assisted bio-flocculation: A novel alternative technique for harvesting heterotrophic and autotrophic microalgal cells”, Separation and Purification Technology, Cilt 107, 158-165, 2013.
  • Bilad, M.R., Vandamme, D., Foubert, I., Muylaert, K. ve Vankelecom, I.F.J., “Harvesting microalgal biomass using submerged microfiltration membranes”, Bioresource Technology, Cilt 111, 343-352, 2012.
  • Bilad, M.R., Discart, V., Vandamme, D., Foubert, I., Muylaert, K. ve Vankelecom, I.F.J., “Harvesting microalgal biomass using a magnetically induced membrane vibration (MMV) system: Filtration performance and energy consumption”, Bioresource Technology, Cilt 138, 329-338, 2013.
  • Gürel, L. ve Büyükgüngör, H., “Kütle Aktarımının Membran Sistemlerindeki Rolü”, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt 21, No 6, 224-238, 2015.
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  • Trent, J.D., Gormly, S.J., Delzeit, L.D., Flynn, M.T. ve Embaye, T.N., Algae bioreactor using submerged enclosures with semi-permeable membranes, in United States patent application US 20100216203. 2010: US.
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  • Harun, R., Singh, M., Forde, G.M. ve Danquah, M.K., “Bioprocess engineering of microalgae to produce a variety of consumer products”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Cilt 14, No 3, 1037-1047, 2010.
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  • Rashid, N., Rehman, M.S.U., Memon, S., Ur Rahman, Z., Lee, K. ve Han, J.-I., “Current status, barriers and developments in biohydrogen production by microalgae”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Cilt 22, 571-579, 2013.
  • Zhang, L.P. ve Melis, A., “Probing green algal hydrogen production”, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences, Cilt 357, 1499-1507, 2002.
  • Kruse, O., Rupprecht, J., Bader, K.P., Thomas-Hall, S., Schenk, P.M., Finazzi, G. ve Hankamer, B., “Improved photobiological H-2 production in engineered green algal cells”, Journal of Biological Chemistry, Cilt 280, No 40, 34170-34177, 2005.
  • Torzillo, G., Scoma, A., Faraloni, C., Ena, A. ve Johanningmeier, U., “Increased hydrogen photoproduction by means of a sulfur-deprived Chlamydomonas reinhardtii D1 protein mutant”, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Cilt 34, No 10, 4529-4536, 2009.
  • Kawaguchi, H., Hashimoto, K., Hirata, K. ve Miyamoto, K., “H-2 production from algal biomass by a mixed culture of Rhodobium marinum A-501 and Lactobacillus amylovorus”, Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Cilt 91, No 3, 277-282, 2001.
  • Ueno, Y., Kurano, N. ve Miyachi, S., “Ethanol production by dark fermentation in the marine green alga, Chlorococcum littorale”, Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering, Cilt 86, No 1, 38-43, 1998.
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  • Briand, X. ve Morand, P., “Anaerobic digestion of Ulva sp. 1. Relationship between Ulva composition and methanisation”, Journal of Applied Phycology, Cilt 9, No 6, 511-524, 1997.
  • Otsuka, K. ve Yoshino, A.“A fundamental study on anaerobic digestion of sea lettuce”, in Oceans '04. Mtts/Ieee Techno-Ocean '04. 2004. Kobe: IEEE.
Toplam 197 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Harun Elcik

Mehmet Çakmakcı

Yayımlanma Tarihi 7 Eylül 2017
Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Mayıs 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 32 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Elcik, H., & Çakmakcı, M. (2017). MİKROALGLERDEN YENİLENEBİLİR BİYOYAKIT ÜRETİMİ. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 32(3). https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.337627
AMA Elcik H, Çakmakcı M. MİKROALGLERDEN YENİLENEBİLİR BİYOYAKIT ÜRETİMİ. GUMMFD. Eylül 2017;32(3). doi:10.17341/gazimmfd.337627
Chicago Elcik, Harun, ve Mehmet Çakmakcı. “MİKROALGLERDEN YENİLENEBİLİR BİYOYAKIT ÜRETİMİ”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 32, sy. 3 (Eylül 2017). https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.337627.
EndNote Elcik H, Çakmakcı M (01 Eylül 2017) MİKROALGLERDEN YENİLENEBİLİR BİYOYAKIT ÜRETİMİ. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 32 3
IEEE H. Elcik ve M. Çakmakcı, “MİKROALGLERDEN YENİLENEBİLİR BİYOYAKIT ÜRETİMİ”, GUMMFD, c. 32, sy. 3, 2017, doi: 10.17341/gazimmfd.337627.
ISNAD Elcik, Harun - Çakmakcı, Mehmet. “MİKROALGLERDEN YENİLENEBİLİR BİYOYAKIT ÜRETİMİ”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 32/3 (Eylül 2017). https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.337627.
JAMA Elcik H, Çakmakcı M. MİKROALGLERDEN YENİLENEBİLİR BİYOYAKIT ÜRETİMİ. GUMMFD. 2017;32. doi:10.17341/gazimmfd.337627.
MLA Elcik, Harun ve Mehmet Çakmakcı. “MİKROALGLERDEN YENİLENEBİLİR BİYOYAKIT ÜRETİMİ”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 32, sy. 3, 2017, doi:10.17341/gazimmfd.337627.
Vancouver Elcik H, Çakmakcı M. MİKROALGLERDEN YENİLENEBİLİR BİYOYAKIT ÜRETİMİ. GUMMFD. 2017;32(3).