Sc katkılı Al-5Cu alaşımlarının mikro yapılarının ve mekanik özelliklerinin incelenmesi
Yıl 2022,
Cilt: 37 Sayı: 1, 75 - 88, 10.11.2021
Cengiz Temiz
,
Fikret Yılmaz
,
Uğur Kölemen
Öz
Al-5Cu, 2xxx serisi Al-esaslı alaşım grubundan olup hafif ağırlığın gerektirdiği otomotiv ve havacılık endüstrisinde geniş bir kullanım alanına sahiptir. Al-5Cu alaşımlarının en belirgin özellikleri, düşük yoğunluk, yüksek erime sıcaklığı, iyi termal iletkenlik, yüksek dayanım ve tokluktur. Bu araştırmada, Al-5Cu alaşımının mekanik özelliklerinin geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu sebeple, ağ.% 0.5 ve 1.0 oranında Skandiyum (Sc) katkılı Al-5Cu alaşımı indüksiyonla ergitme yöntemi ile üretilmiştir. X-ışınımı kırınımı (XRD) analizlerinden, Al-5Cu alaşımında Al ve Al2Cu fazları gözlenirken, Sc katkılı alaşımlarda bu fazların yanında Cu2Sc fazı tespit edilmiştir. Taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) analizlerinden, Sc katkısının, külçe alaşımların mikro yapısını büyük oranda incelttiği görülmüş ve ayrıca, Sc katkılı alaşımlarda yarı-kararlı iğnemsi θ'-Al2Cu fazlarına rastlanılmıştır. Ayrıca alaşımlarda gözlenen mekanik özelliklerindeki iyileşme, tane boyutu sertleşmesi ve çökelti sertleşmesi mekanizmaları ile açıklanmıştır. Nano çentme testi sonuçlarından, Sc elementinin Al-5Cu alaşımını mekanik özellikleri bakımından büyük oranda geliştirdiği anlaşılmıştır.
Destekleyen Kurum
Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonu
Teşekkür
Bu çalışma Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonu (Proje No: 2014/31) tarafından desteklenmiştir. Yazarlar TOGÜ-BAP birimine teşekkür ederler.
Kaynakça
- 1. Bakavos D., Prangnell P.B., Bes B., Eber F., The effect of silver on microstructural evolution in two 2xxx series Al-alloys with a high Cu: Mg ratio during ageing to a T8 temper, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 491 (1-2), 214-23, 2008.
- 2. Uno H.B. Sofyan H. Candiasa I.M., Pengembangan instrumen untuk penelitian, Jakarta: Delima Press, Indonesia, 2001.
- 3. Davis J.R., Aluminum and aluminum alloys, ASM international, A.B.D.,1993.
- 4. Hekimoğlu A.P., Hacıosmanoğlu M., Baki M., Effect of zinc contents on the structural, mechanical and tribological properties of EN AC-48100 (Al-17Si-4Cu-Mg) alloy, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 35, (4), 1799-1814, 2020.
- 5. Alemdağ Y., Karabıyık S., Pürçek G., Effect of multi-directional hot forging on mechanical and tribological properties of Al-7Si-4Zn-3Cu alloy, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 36, (1), 255-265, 2021.
- 6. Hekimoğlu A.P., Çalış M., Effect of grain refinement with titanium on the microstructure, mechanical and corrosion properties of Al-25Zn alloy, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 35, (1), 311-322, 2020.
- 7. Murty B., Kori S., Chakraborty M., Grain refinement of aluminium and its alloys by heterogeneous nucleation and alloying, International Materials Reviews, 47, (1), 3-29, 2002.
- 8. Drits M., Budberg P., Burkhanov G., Drits A. Panovko V., Properties of Elements: Handbook, Metallurgiya, Moscow, Rusya, 1985.
- 9. Torma T., Kovács-Csetényi E., Turmezey T., Ungár T., Kovács I., Hardening mechanisms in Al-Sc alloys, Journal of materials science, 24, (11), 3924-7, 1989.
- 10. Chen B., Pan L., Wang R., Liu G., Cheng P., Xiao L., Sun J., Effect of solution treatment on precipitation behaviors and age hardening response of Al–Cu alloys with Sc addition, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 530, 607-17, 2011.
- 11. Rietveld H.M., Acta Cryst., A.B.D., 1967.
- 12. Pharr G., Oliver W., Brotzen F., On the generality of the relationship among contact stiffness, contact area, and elastic modulus during indentation, Journal of materials research, 7 (3), 613-7, 1992.
- 13. Sanyal S., Kanodia S., Saha R., Bandyopadhyay T.K., Mandal S., Influence of hard plate hot forging temperature on the microstructure, texture and mechanical properties in a lean Mg–Zn–Al alloy, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 800, 343-354, 2019.
- 14. Binesh B., Aghaie-Khafri M., Microstructure and texture characterization of 7075 Al alloy during the SIMA process, Materials Characterization, 106, 390-403, 2015.
- 15. Venkateswarlu K., Pathak L., Ray A.K., Das G., Verma P., Kumar M., Ghosh R., Microstructure, tensile strength and wear behaviour of Al–Sc alloy, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 383 (2), 374-80, 2004.
- 16. Costa S., Puga H., Barbosa J., Pinto A., The effect of Sc additions on the microstructure and age hardening behaviour of as cast Al–Sc alloys, Materials & Design, 42, 347-52, 2012.
- 17. Li Y., Liu Z., Xia Q., Liu Y., Grain refinement of the Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy with Er and Sc additions, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 38 (11), 2853-8, 2007.
- 18. Timelli G., Camicia G., Ferraro S., Effect of grain refinement and cooling rate on the microstructure and mechanical properties of secondary Al-Si-Cu alloys, Journal of materials engineering and performance, 23 (2), 611-21, 2014.
- 19. Fischer-Cripps A., Bell T., Riester L., Analysis of depth-sensing indentation tests with a Knoop indenter, Journal of Materials Research, 16 (6), 1660-7, 2001.
- 20. Mahmudi R., Yield point phenomenon in ultrafine-grained aluminium sheets, Materials Letters, 19 (5-6), 243-6, 1994.
- 21. Dorin T., Ramajayam M., Lamb J., Langan T., Effect of Sc and Zr additions on the microstructure/strength of Al-Cu binary alloys, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 707, 58-64, 2017.
Investigation of microstructures and mechanical properties of Sc doped Al-5Cu alloys
Yıl 2022,
Cilt: 37 Sayı: 1, 75 - 88, 10.11.2021
Cengiz Temiz
,
Fikret Yılmaz
,
Uğur Kölemen
Kaynakça
- 1. Bakavos D., Prangnell P.B., Bes B., Eber F., The effect of silver on microstructural evolution in two 2xxx series Al-alloys with a high Cu: Mg ratio during ageing to a T8 temper, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 491 (1-2), 214-23, 2008.
- 2. Uno H.B. Sofyan H. Candiasa I.M., Pengembangan instrumen untuk penelitian, Jakarta: Delima Press, Indonesia, 2001.
- 3. Davis J.R., Aluminum and aluminum alloys, ASM international, A.B.D.,1993.
- 4. Hekimoğlu A.P., Hacıosmanoğlu M., Baki M., Effect of zinc contents on the structural, mechanical and tribological properties of EN AC-48100 (Al-17Si-4Cu-Mg) alloy, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 35, (4), 1799-1814, 2020.
- 5. Alemdağ Y., Karabıyık S., Pürçek G., Effect of multi-directional hot forging on mechanical and tribological properties of Al-7Si-4Zn-3Cu alloy, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 36, (1), 255-265, 2021.
- 6. Hekimoğlu A.P., Çalış M., Effect of grain refinement with titanium on the microstructure, mechanical and corrosion properties of Al-25Zn alloy, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 35, (1), 311-322, 2020.
- 7. Murty B., Kori S., Chakraborty M., Grain refinement of aluminium and its alloys by heterogeneous nucleation and alloying, International Materials Reviews, 47, (1), 3-29, 2002.
- 8. Drits M., Budberg P., Burkhanov G., Drits A. Panovko V., Properties of Elements: Handbook, Metallurgiya, Moscow, Rusya, 1985.
- 9. Torma T., Kovács-Csetényi E., Turmezey T., Ungár T., Kovács I., Hardening mechanisms in Al-Sc alloys, Journal of materials science, 24, (11), 3924-7, 1989.
- 10. Chen B., Pan L., Wang R., Liu G., Cheng P., Xiao L., Sun J., Effect of solution treatment on precipitation behaviors and age hardening response of Al–Cu alloys with Sc addition, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 530, 607-17, 2011.
- 11. Rietveld H.M., Acta Cryst., A.B.D., 1967.
- 12. Pharr G., Oliver W., Brotzen F., On the generality of the relationship among contact stiffness, contact area, and elastic modulus during indentation, Journal of materials research, 7 (3), 613-7, 1992.
- 13. Sanyal S., Kanodia S., Saha R., Bandyopadhyay T.K., Mandal S., Influence of hard plate hot forging temperature on the microstructure, texture and mechanical properties in a lean Mg–Zn–Al alloy, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 800, 343-354, 2019.
- 14. Binesh B., Aghaie-Khafri M., Microstructure and texture characterization of 7075 Al alloy during the SIMA process, Materials Characterization, 106, 390-403, 2015.
- 15. Venkateswarlu K., Pathak L., Ray A.K., Das G., Verma P., Kumar M., Ghosh R., Microstructure, tensile strength and wear behaviour of Al–Sc alloy, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 383 (2), 374-80, 2004.
- 16. Costa S., Puga H., Barbosa J., Pinto A., The effect of Sc additions on the microstructure and age hardening behaviour of as cast Al–Sc alloys, Materials & Design, 42, 347-52, 2012.
- 17. Li Y., Liu Z., Xia Q., Liu Y., Grain refinement of the Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy with Er and Sc additions, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 38 (11), 2853-8, 2007.
- 18. Timelli G., Camicia G., Ferraro S., Effect of grain refinement and cooling rate on the microstructure and mechanical properties of secondary Al-Si-Cu alloys, Journal of materials engineering and performance, 23 (2), 611-21, 2014.
- 19. Fischer-Cripps A., Bell T., Riester L., Analysis of depth-sensing indentation tests with a Knoop indenter, Journal of Materials Research, 16 (6), 1660-7, 2001.
- 20. Mahmudi R., Yield point phenomenon in ultrafine-grained aluminium sheets, Materials Letters, 19 (5-6), 243-6, 1994.
- 21. Dorin T., Ramajayam M., Lamb J., Langan T., Effect of Sc and Zr additions on the microstructure/strength of Al-Cu binary alloys, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 707, 58-64, 2017.