MİMARLIK TASARIMI PARADİGMASINDA BİOMİMESİS’İN ETKİSİ
Yıl 2007,
Cilt: 22 Sayı: 2, 0 - , 15.02.2013
Semra Arslan Selçuk
Arzu Gönenç Sorguç
Öz
“Biomimesis”, canlı cansız varlıkların taklit edilerek yeni tasarımlara esin kaynağı olması kavramı 20.yüzyılınsonunda literatüre girmiş, doğadan esinlenme/öğrenme/uyarlama ve/veya uygulama biçimlerinin nelerolabileceği ve farklı bilgi/teknoloji alanlarında nasıl kullanılabileceği sistematik olarak tartışılmaya başlanmıştır.Bu çalışmada tarih boyunca pek çok alanda izlediğimiz doğa-insan etkileşiminin mimarlıktaki yansıma biçimleribinaların ait oldukları çağa göre öne çıkmışlıkları göz önünde bulundurularak örneklendirilmiş ve doğadanesinlenme süreci tartışılmıştır. Günümüzde hızla gelişmekte olan sayısal ve bilişim teknolojileri ile birlikte“mimarın” doğadaki oluşum süreçlerinden, biçimsel/görsel esinlenmenin ötesinde öğrenebilecekleri konusundayeni bir tartışma ortamı yaratılması amaçlanmıştır.
Kaynakça
- Vitruvius, P., De Architectura On
- architecture. Books VI-X, Çeviren: Frank
- Granger, Harvard University Press, Cambridge,
- -
- Arslan Selçuk, S., Gönenç Sorguç, A.,
- “Similarities in Structures in Nature and Man-
- Made Structures : Biomimesis in Architecture” ,
- nd International Design and Nature
- Conference Comparing Design in Nature
- with Science and Engineering, Rodos, 45-54,
- -30 Haziran 2004.
- Mainstone, R., Structure in Architecture :
- History, Design, and Innovation, Aldershot,
- Hampshire, 1999.
- Portoghesi, P., Nature and Architecture, Skira
- Editore, Milan, 2000.
- Hersey, G., The Monumental Impulse:
- Architecture's Biological Roots, MIT Press,
- Cambridge, 1999.
- Masso, J, Gaudi, The Man and His Work,
- Little, Brown and Company, 1999.
- http://www.gaudiclub.com/esp/e_partici/mariana
- /0Spain-Barcelone-Gaudi-ston.jpg (en son erişim
- tarihi, Ekim2005)
- Tsui, E., “Evolutionary Architecture: Nature
- as a Basis for Design”, John Wiley & Son,
- Inc.1999.
- Lampugnani V.M. Encyclopedia of 20th
- Century Architecture, Thames and Hudson
- Ltd., London, 1989.
- Frampton, K. Modern Architecture-A Critical
- History, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London,
- -
- Gössel, P. & G. Leuthauser. Architecture in the
- Twentieth Century. Benedikt Taschen. 1991.
- Levine, N. The architecture of Frank Lloyd
- Wright, Princeton, N.J. : Princeton University
- Press, 1996.
- Melaragno, M., An Introduction to Shell
- Structures, and the Science of Vaulting, Van
- Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1991.
- Jirapong, K. Discovering Architecture within a
- Seashell Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, The
- Graduate College of the Illinois Institute of
- Technology, Chicago, Illinois. 2002.
- Fuller, B. Utopia or oblivion: the prospects for
- humanity Overlook Pres, New York, 1969.
- http://mimarlikvesanattarihi.blogspot.com/2005/
- /r.htmlcc (en son erişim tarihi, Ekim2006)
- http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laur
- eates/1996/press.html(en son erişim tarihi,
- Ekim2006)
- http://www.eyedesignbook.com (en son erişim
- tarihi, Ekim2006)
- http://www.morphographic.com/Sphere/Hi_Rez/
- RadiolarianSphere_hirez.jpg (en son erişim
- tarihi, Ekim2006)
- http://www.sixtiescity.com/Events/Images/EVE0
- jpg (en son erişim tarihi, Ekim2006)
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frei_Otto (en son
- erişim tarihi, Mayıs2006)
- Otto, F., Finding Form Towards an
- Architecture of the Minimal”, Deutscher
- Werkbund, Bayern. 1995.
- IL 17 The work of Frei Otto and His Teams
- -1976. Stuttgart: lnstitut fur Leichte
- Flachentragwerke,1977.
- IL 32 Lightweight Structures In Architecture
- And Nature. Stuttgart: lnstitut fur Leichte
- Flachentragwerke, 1979.
- Drew, P. Frei Otto-Form Structure. Stuttgart:
- Verlag Gerd Hatje, 1976.
- Roland, C. Frei Otto Tension Structure, New
- York, Praeger Publisher, 1970.
- Tzonis, A., Santiago Calatrava Complete
- Works, Rizzoli, New York, 2004.
- Boyut Çağdaş Dünya Mimarları Dizisi, Santiago
- Calatrava, Boyut Yayın Grubu, İstanbul, 2000.
- Zardini, M. Santiago Calatrava Secret
- Sketchbook, New York, Monacelli Press. 1996.
- Tzonis, A. Santiago Calatrava, The poetics of
- Movement. New York, Universe Publishing,
- -
- Williams, H.A., Zoomorphic - New Animal
- Architecture, Laurence King Publishing Ltd.
- -
- Jodidio, P & S. Calatrava., Santiago Calatrava,
- TASCHEN America Llc, 1998.
- Gönenç Sorguç, A. ve S. Arslan Selçuk , “Yapay
- Zeka Araştırmaları ve Biomimesis
- Kavramlarının Günümüzde Mimarlık Alanındaki
- Uygulamaları: Akıllı Mekanlar”. 4.Yapı ve
- Kentte Bilişim Kongresi 8-9 Haziran 2006
- Ankara
- Jencks, C., Architecture 2000: Predictions and
- Methods, International Thomson Publishing,
- London, 1971.
- Baldwin, J., BuckyWorks: Buckminster
- Fuller's Ideas for Today, John Wiley & Sons,
- Inc, New York, 1996.
- Beukers, A., Lightness. The Inevitable
- Renaissance of Minimum Energy Structures,
- Publishet, Rotterdam, 1999.
- Frazer, J., An Evolutionary Architecture,
- Architectural Association, London, 1995.
- Grimshaw, N., Structure, Space and Skin: The
- work of Nicholas Grimshaw and Partners,
- Phaidon, London, 1993.
- Williams, H.A., Zoomorphic-New Animal
- Architecture, Laurence King Publishing Ltd,
- London, 2003.
- Robbin T., Engineering a New Architecture,
- Yale University Press, London, 1996.
- Kaplicky, J., Future Systems for Inspiration
- Only, Academy Editions, London, 1996.
- Arslan Selçuk, S. and Gönenc Sorguç, A,
- “Biomimesis in Architecture: Inspiration for
- Next Generation Po®table Buildings” Theory,
- Context, Design an Technology;
- Transportable Environments-3, Editor: Robert
- Kronenburg, Filiz Klassen, Taylor& Francis,
- NY, 2006.
- Margolius, I, .Architects+ engineers =
- structures: a book that celebrates well-known
- designers, West Sussex : Wiley-Academy,
- -
- Benyus, J., “Biomimicry: Innovation Inspired by
- Nature”. William Morrow Company Inc., NY.
- -
- Vincent, J., Stealing Ideas from Nature,
- www.bath.ac.uk/mecheng//biomimetics/
- Biomimetics.pdf (en son erişim tarihi,
- Mayıs2006)
- Abdala, A., Milius, D.L., Adamson, D.H.,
- Aksay, I.A., “Inspired Abalone Shell:
- Strengthening of Porous Ceramics with
- Polymers”, http://www.princeton.edu/~cml
- /assets/pdf/pu_04_90abdala.pdf (en son erişim
- tarihi, Mayıs 2006)
- Shear, W.A., J.M. Palmer, J.A. Coddington, and
- P.M. Bonamo., “A devonian spinneret: early
- evidence of spiders and silk use”. Science, 246,
- -481. 1989
- Vincent, J., “Tricks of Nature”, New Scientist,
- , 40-48, 1996.
- Koelman, O., “Biomimetic Buildings
- Understanding & Applying the Lessons of
- Nature”,http://www.rmi.org/sitepages/art1048.ph
- p (en son erişim tarihi, Haziran2003)
- http://www.ellipsis.com/evolutionary/#s0.1(en
- son erişim tarihi, Ekim2003)
- Lynn, G. Animate form, New York : Princeton
- Architectural Press, 1999.
- Spuybroek, L. NOX: Machining Architecture
- Thames & Hudson , 2004.
- Gönenç Sorguç A., ‘The Evolving Role of
- Mathematics in Designing in Digital Medium’,
- Nexus Conference June 2006.
- Arslan Selcuk, S “Mathematics as a Tool to
- Evaluate Biomimetic Inspirations: a Study on
- Seashell Modeling” Poster presented and
- published in the Proceedings of the 1st
- International CIB Endorsed METU
- Postgraduate Conference on Built
- Environment and Information Technologies
- METU-Ankara, Turkiye March 16-18 2006.
- http://www.unica.edu/estudi.uic?cdi_opc=1499
- (en son erişim tarihi, Ekim2003)
- http://www.tumbletruss.com/index.html (en son
- erişim tarihi, Ekim2003)
Yıl 2007,
Cilt: 22 Sayı: 2, 0 - , 15.02.2013
Semra Arslan Selçuk
Arzu Gönenç Sorguç
Kaynakça
- Vitruvius, P., De Architectura On
- architecture. Books VI-X, Çeviren: Frank
- Granger, Harvard University Press, Cambridge,
- -
- Arslan Selçuk, S., Gönenç Sorguç, A.,
- “Similarities in Structures in Nature and Man-
- Made Structures : Biomimesis in Architecture” ,
- nd International Design and Nature
- Conference Comparing Design in Nature
- with Science and Engineering, Rodos, 45-54,
- -30 Haziran 2004.
- Mainstone, R., Structure in Architecture :
- History, Design, and Innovation, Aldershot,
- Hampshire, 1999.
- Portoghesi, P., Nature and Architecture, Skira
- Editore, Milan, 2000.
- Hersey, G., The Monumental Impulse:
- Architecture's Biological Roots, MIT Press,
- Cambridge, 1999.
- Masso, J, Gaudi, The Man and His Work,
- Little, Brown and Company, 1999.
- http://www.gaudiclub.com/esp/e_partici/mariana
- /0Spain-Barcelone-Gaudi-ston.jpg (en son erişim
- tarihi, Ekim2005)
- Tsui, E., “Evolutionary Architecture: Nature
- as a Basis for Design”, John Wiley & Son,
- Inc.1999.
- Lampugnani V.M. Encyclopedia of 20th
- Century Architecture, Thames and Hudson
- Ltd., London, 1989.
- Frampton, K. Modern Architecture-A Critical
- History, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London,
- -
- Gössel, P. & G. Leuthauser. Architecture in the
- Twentieth Century. Benedikt Taschen. 1991.
- Levine, N. The architecture of Frank Lloyd
- Wright, Princeton, N.J. : Princeton University
- Press, 1996.
- Melaragno, M., An Introduction to Shell
- Structures, and the Science of Vaulting, Van
- Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1991.
- Jirapong, K. Discovering Architecture within a
- Seashell Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, The
- Graduate College of the Illinois Institute of
- Technology, Chicago, Illinois. 2002.
- Fuller, B. Utopia or oblivion: the prospects for
- humanity Overlook Pres, New York, 1969.
- http://mimarlikvesanattarihi.blogspot.com/2005/
- /r.htmlcc (en son erişim tarihi, Ekim2006)
- http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laur
- eates/1996/press.html(en son erişim tarihi,
- Ekim2006)
- http://www.eyedesignbook.com (en son erişim
- tarihi, Ekim2006)
- http://www.morphographic.com/Sphere/Hi_Rez/
- RadiolarianSphere_hirez.jpg (en son erişim
- tarihi, Ekim2006)
- http://www.sixtiescity.com/Events/Images/EVE0
- jpg (en son erişim tarihi, Ekim2006)
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frei_Otto (en son
- erişim tarihi, Mayıs2006)
- Otto, F., Finding Form Towards an
- Architecture of the Minimal”, Deutscher
- Werkbund, Bayern. 1995.
- IL 17 The work of Frei Otto and His Teams
- -1976. Stuttgart: lnstitut fur Leichte
- Flachentragwerke,1977.
- IL 32 Lightweight Structures In Architecture
- And Nature. Stuttgart: lnstitut fur Leichte
- Flachentragwerke, 1979.
- Drew, P. Frei Otto-Form Structure. Stuttgart:
- Verlag Gerd Hatje, 1976.
- Roland, C. Frei Otto Tension Structure, New
- York, Praeger Publisher, 1970.
- Tzonis, A., Santiago Calatrava Complete
- Works, Rizzoli, New York, 2004.
- Boyut Çağdaş Dünya Mimarları Dizisi, Santiago
- Calatrava, Boyut Yayın Grubu, İstanbul, 2000.
- Zardini, M. Santiago Calatrava Secret
- Sketchbook, New York, Monacelli Press. 1996.
- Tzonis, A. Santiago Calatrava, The poetics of
- Movement. New York, Universe Publishing,
- -
- Williams, H.A., Zoomorphic - New Animal
- Architecture, Laurence King Publishing Ltd.
- -
- Jodidio, P & S. Calatrava., Santiago Calatrava,
- TASCHEN America Llc, 1998.
- Gönenç Sorguç, A. ve S. Arslan Selçuk , “Yapay
- Zeka Araştırmaları ve Biomimesis
- Kavramlarının Günümüzde Mimarlık Alanındaki
- Uygulamaları: Akıllı Mekanlar”. 4.Yapı ve
- Kentte Bilişim Kongresi 8-9 Haziran 2006
- Ankara
- Jencks, C., Architecture 2000: Predictions and
- Methods, International Thomson Publishing,
- London, 1971.
- Baldwin, J., BuckyWorks: Buckminster
- Fuller's Ideas for Today, John Wiley & Sons,
- Inc, New York, 1996.
- Beukers, A., Lightness. The Inevitable
- Renaissance of Minimum Energy Structures,
- Publishet, Rotterdam, 1999.
- Frazer, J., An Evolutionary Architecture,
- Architectural Association, London, 1995.
- Grimshaw, N., Structure, Space and Skin: The
- work of Nicholas Grimshaw and Partners,
- Phaidon, London, 1993.
- Williams, H.A., Zoomorphic-New Animal
- Architecture, Laurence King Publishing Ltd,
- London, 2003.
- Robbin T., Engineering a New Architecture,
- Yale University Press, London, 1996.
- Kaplicky, J., Future Systems for Inspiration
- Only, Academy Editions, London, 1996.
- Arslan Selçuk, S. and Gönenc Sorguç, A,
- “Biomimesis in Architecture: Inspiration for
- Next Generation Po®table Buildings” Theory,
- Context, Design an Technology;
- Transportable Environments-3, Editor: Robert
- Kronenburg, Filiz Klassen, Taylor& Francis,
- NY, 2006.
- Margolius, I, .Architects+ engineers =
- structures: a book that celebrates well-known
- designers, West Sussex : Wiley-Academy,
- -
- Benyus, J., “Biomimicry: Innovation Inspired by
- Nature”. William Morrow Company Inc., NY.
- -
- Vincent, J., Stealing Ideas from Nature,
- www.bath.ac.uk/mecheng//biomimetics/
- Biomimetics.pdf (en son erişim tarihi,
- Mayıs2006)
- Abdala, A., Milius, D.L., Adamson, D.H.,
- Aksay, I.A., “Inspired Abalone Shell:
- Strengthening of Porous Ceramics with
- Polymers”, http://www.princeton.edu/~cml
- /assets/pdf/pu_04_90abdala.pdf (en son erişim
- tarihi, Mayıs 2006)
- Shear, W.A., J.M. Palmer, J.A. Coddington, and
- P.M. Bonamo., “A devonian spinneret: early
- evidence of spiders and silk use”. Science, 246,
- -481. 1989
- Vincent, J., “Tricks of Nature”, New Scientist,
- , 40-48, 1996.
- Koelman, O., “Biomimetic Buildings
- Understanding & Applying the Lessons of
- Nature”,http://www.rmi.org/sitepages/art1048.ph
- p (en son erişim tarihi, Haziran2003)
- http://www.ellipsis.com/evolutionary/#s0.1(en
- son erişim tarihi, Ekim2003)
- Lynn, G. Animate form, New York : Princeton
- Architectural Press, 1999.
- Spuybroek, L. NOX: Machining Architecture
- Thames & Hudson , 2004.
- Gönenç Sorguç A., ‘The Evolving Role of
- Mathematics in Designing in Digital Medium’,
- Nexus Conference June 2006.
- Arslan Selcuk, S “Mathematics as a Tool to
- Evaluate Biomimetic Inspirations: a Study on
- Seashell Modeling” Poster presented and
- published in the Proceedings of the 1st
- International CIB Endorsed METU
- Postgraduate Conference on Built
- Environment and Information Technologies
- METU-Ankara, Turkiye March 16-18 2006.
- http://www.unica.edu/estudi.uic?cdi_opc=1499
- (en son erişim tarihi, Ekim2003)
- http://www.tumbletruss.com/index.html (en son
- erişim tarihi, Ekim2003)