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YÜKSEK SICAKLIK UYGULANAN ÇİMENTO HARÇLARININ FARKLI SOĞUTMA KOŞULLARINDAKİ BAZI FİZİKSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3, 0 - , 19.02.2013

Gökhan Durmuş Metin Arslan

Öz

Bu çalışmada, yüksek sıcaklık etkisi altında kalmış çimento harçlarının farklı soğutma koşullarında eğilmedeçekme dayanımı, basınç dayanımı ve boşluk oranı değişimi incelenmiştir. Çimento harç örneklerine 100, 300,500, 700 ve 900 °C sıcaklıklar uygulanmıştır. Soğutma işlemi havada ve suda olmak üzere iki şekildegerçekleştirilmiştir. Laboratuar ısısına kadar soğutulan örneklerin eğilmede çekme dayanımı, basınç dayanımı veboşluk değerleri belirlenmiştir. Farklı sıcaklıklar ve farklı soğutma şartlarında veriler kullanılarak çoklu doğrusalregresyon modelleri oluşturulmuştur. Harç örneklerinin eğilmede çekme ve basınç dayanımlarında 100 °C’de birmiktar artış olmasına rağmen bundan sonraki sıcaklıklarda sıcaklık ortalamasına bağlı olarak azalma eğilimigörülmüştür. Soğutma koşullarına göre; 500 °C’deki eğilmede çekme dayanımının havada soğutulmuşörneklerde % 29, suda soğutulmuş da ise % 58; basınç dayanımının havada soğutulmuş örneklerde % 10, sudasoğutulmuş da ise % 35 oranında azaldığı görülmüştür. Aynı zamanda boşluk oranının havada soğutulmuşörneklerde % 3.3, suda soğutulmuş örneklerde ise % 9 oranında arttığı görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yüksek sıcaklık Civalı Porozimetre Çimento harcı porozite

Kaynakça

  • Bazant Z. B., Chern J.C., “Normal And
  • Refractory Concrete For Lmfbr Applications,
  • Final Report”, NP-2437, Research Project 1704-
  • , 1704-19 Northwestern University, Evanston,
  • -
  • Schneider U., “Behavior Of Concrete At High
  • Temperatures”, Deutsxher Ausschuss Fur
  • Stahlbeton, Berlin, 15-24, 1982
  • Schneider U., “Concrete At High
  • Temperatures”, University Kassel,
  • Monchebergstr 55-82, 1988
  • Şensoy L., “Betonun Yangın Dayanımı ve
  • Yeniden Kullanılabilirliği”, Gazi Üniversitesi
  • Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara, 02-14, 1989
  • Bazant, Z.P., Kaplan, M.F., “Concrete At High
  • Temperatures” Material Properties and
  • Mathematical Models, Longman Group,
  • England, (ISBN 0-582-08624-4), 1996
  • X. Fu, D.D.L. Chung, “Reversible Decrease Of
  • The Flexural Dynamic Modulus Of Cement
  • Pastes Up On Heating”, Cement and Concrete.
  • (6) 839– 844, 1997
  • Malhotra, H.L. “The Effect Of Temperature On
  • Compressive Strength Of Concrete”, Magazine
  • of Concrete, 875–894. 1956
  • Koury, G.A., Sarshar, R., Sullivan, P.J.E.,
  • Grainger, B.N., “Factors Affecting The
  • Compressive Strength Of Unsealed Cement
  • Paste And Concrete At Elevated
  • Temperatures Up To 600”, Wiss. Z. Hochsch.
  • Archit. Bauwes. Weimar, B 36 (1– 2) 89–92,
  • -
  • Rostasy, F.S. Ehm, C., Hinrishsmeyer K.,
  • “Structural Alterations İn Concrete Due To
  • Thermal And Mechanical Stresses”, J.C. Maso
  • (Ed.), Pore Structure and Materials
  • Properties, vol. 1, Chapman & Hall, London-
  • New York, 92– 99, 1987
  • Bazant, Z. P. Review Of Literature On High
  • Temperature Behavior Of Concrete, Pp. 71-142
  • Of The Report. Evaluation Of The Structural
  • İntegrity Of LMFBR Equipment Cell Liners -
  • Results Of Preliminary Investigations By W. J.
  • Mcaffee, W. K. Sartory, Z. P. Bazant And P. A.
  • Stancampiano. Tennessee, Oak Ridge National
  • Laboratory, (Contract W-7405 Eng 26), January
  • Report ORNL-TM-514S. (Available
  • From National Technical Information Service,
  • Springfield, Va.)
  • Becker, J. M. And Bresler, B. Reinforced
  • Concrete Frames In Fire Environments.
  • Proceedings Of The American Society Of Civil
  • Engineers. Vol. 103, No. STL Pp. 211-224,
  • January 1977.
  • Dougill, J. W. Conditions For Instability In
  • Restrained Concrete Panels Exposed To Fire.
  • Magazine Of Concrete Research. Vol. 24. Pp.
  • -148, 1972.
  • Hundt, J. Zur Warme- Und Feuchtigkeitsleitung
  • In Beton. (Heat And Moisture Conduction In
  • Concrete.) Berlin, Wilhelm Ernst Und Sohn,
  • Deutscher Ausschuss Fur Stahlbeton. Heft
  • Pp. 21-41.
  • Mcdonald, J. E. Moisture Migration In Concrete.
  • Vicksburg, Miss., U.S. Army Engineers
  • Waterways Experimental Station, Concrete
  • Laboratory, Technical Report C-75-1. Pp. 36 +
  • Tables + Plates, May 1975.
  • Neville, A. M. Properties Of Concretes. New
  • York, John Wiley And Sons, A Halsted Press
  • Book, 1973.
  • England, G. L. And Ross, A. D. Shrinkage,
  • Moisture, And Pore Pressures In Heated
  • Concrete. Concrete For Nuclear Reactors.
  • Detroit, American Concrete Institute, Special
  • Publication SP-34. Vol. II. Pp. 883-907, 1972.
  • Fischer, R. Ober Das Verhalten Von
  • Zementmortel Und Beton Bei Hoheren
  • Temperaturen. (On The Behaviour Of Cement
  • Mortar And Concrete At High Temperatures.)
  • Berlin, Wilhelm Ernst Und Sohn, 1970.
  • Deutscher Ausschuss Filr Stahlbeton. Pp. 61-
  • , 216.
  • Harmathy, T. Z. Thermal Properties Of Concrete
  • At Elevated Temperatures. ASTM Journal Of
  • Materials. Vol. 5, No. 1. March 1970. Pp. 47-74.
  • Reprint: Ottawa, National Research Council Of
  • Canada, DBR Paper No. 426, 1970.
  • Harmathy, T. Z. And Allen, L. W. Thermal
  • Properties Of Selected Masonry Unit Concretes.
  • Journal Of The American Concrete Institute.
  • Proceedings Vol. 70, No. 2. Pp. 132-144,
  • February 1973.
  • Zdenek P. Bazant Pore Pressure In Heated
  • Concrete Walls: Theoretical Prediction
  • Magazine Of Concrete Research : Vol. 31, No.
  • , June 1977
  • Koury, G.A., Grainger, V.N., Sullivan, P.J.E.,
  • “Transient Thermal Strain Of Concrete:
  • Literature Review, Conditions Within Specimen
  • And Behaviour Of Individuals Constituents”,
  • Magazine Of Concrete Resource, 37 (132)
  • – 143. 1985
  • Consolazio, G.R., Mcvay, M.C., Rish, J.W.,
  • “Measurement And Prediction Of Pore Pressures
  • In Saturated Cement Mortar Subject To Radiant
  • Heating”, ACI Materials, J. 95 (5) 525–536
  • -
  • Rostasy, F.S., Weis, R., Wiedemann, G.,
  • “Changes Of Pore Structure Of Cement Mortars
  • Due To Temperature”, Cement Of Concrete
  • Resource, 157– 164, 1980
  • Piasta, J., “Heat Transformations Of Cement
  • Phases And The Microstructure Of Cement
  • Paste”, Materials Of Construction, 17 (102)
  • – 420 1984
  • Alonso, C., Andrade, C., Menéndez, E.,
  • “Evolucio´N Microestructural De Hormigones
  • De Altas Y Ultra Altas Resistencias A Elevadas
  • Temperatures”, Hormigo¯N Y Acero, 221–222
  • – 105, 2001
  • Heikal, M., “Effect Of Temperature On The
  • Physico–Mechanical And Mineralogical
  • Properties Of Homra Pozzolanic Cement Pastes”,
  • Cement Of Concrete. Resource, 30 1835–1839,
  • -
  • Handoo, S.K., Agarwal, S., Agarwal, S.K.,
  • “Physicochemical, Mineralogical And
  • Morphological Characteristics Of Concrete
  • Exposed To Elevated Temperatures”, Cement Of
  • Concrete. Resource, 32 1009–1018, 2002
  • Yüzer N., Aköz F., Öztürk L., D., “Yangına
  • Maruz Yapılarda Betonun Basınç Dayanım-Renk Değişimi İlişkisi”, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi
  • Dergisi, 4, 2001
  • Castellote, M., Alonso, C., Andrade, C., Turrillas,
  • X., Campo. J., “Composition And
  • Microstructural Changes Of Cement Pastes Upon
  • Heating, As Studied By Neutron Diffraction”,
  • Pergamon, 1633-1644. 2004
  • P. Pipilikaki, M. Beazi-Katsioti “The Assessment
  • Of Porosity And Pore Size Distribution Of
  • Limestone Portland Cement Pastes”
  • Construction And Building Materials 23;1966–
  • , 2009
  • Sarshar, R., Khoury, G.A., “Material And
  • Environmental Factors Influencing The
  • Compressive Strength Of Unsealed Cement Paste
  • And Concrete At High Temperatures”, Magazine
  • Of Concrete Resource. 45 (162) 51–61, 1993
  • TS EN 197-1, “Çimento: Bölüm-1 Genel
  • Çimentolar- Bileşim Özellikler Ve Genel
  • Kurallari”, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü,
  • Ankara, 2002.
  • TS EN 196-1, “Çimento Deney Metotları-Bölüm
  • : Dayanım Tayini”, Türk Standartları
  • Enstitüsü, Ankara 5-10. 2002
  • TS EN 196-3, “Çimento Deney Metotları-Bölüm
  • : Priz Süresi Ve Genleşme Tayini”, Türk
  • Standartları Enstitüsü, Ankara, 2002.
  • TS EN 196-6, “Çimento Deney Metotları-Bölüm 6
  • :İncelik Tayini”, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü,
  • Ankara, 2002.
  • ASTM C188 - 95 “Standard Test Method For
  • Density Of Hydraulic Cement”, ASTM
  • International, 2003
  • ASTM C1437 - 07 “Standard Test Method For
  • Flow Of Hydraulic Cement Mortar” ASTM
  • International,
  • British Standards Institution, BS EN 13501-1,
  • “Fire Classification Of Construction Products
  • And Building Elements. Classification Using
  • Data From Reaction To Fire Tests”. London:
  • BSI. 2007.
  • International Standard, ISO 834., “Fire Resistance
  • Test Elements Of Building ISO Standard 1975.
  • ASTM D 4404 “Standard Test Method For
  • Determination Of Pore Volume And Pore
  • Volume Distribution Of Soil And Rock By
  • Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry”, ASTM
  • International, Aug 31 1984.
  • Hewlett C.P., “Lea’s Chemistry of Cemets and
  • Concrete”, Fourth edition, Elsevier Book, 95-
  • , 2007

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3, 0 - , 19.02.2013

Gökhan Durmuş Metin Arslan

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Bazant Z. B., Chern J.C., “Normal And
  • Refractory Concrete For Lmfbr Applications,
  • Final Report”, NP-2437, Research Project 1704-
  • , 1704-19 Northwestern University, Evanston,
  • -
  • Schneider U., “Behavior Of Concrete At High
  • Temperatures”, Deutsxher Ausschuss Fur
  • Stahlbeton, Berlin, 15-24, 1982
  • Schneider U., “Concrete At High
  • Temperatures”, University Kassel,
  • Monchebergstr 55-82, 1988
  • Şensoy L., “Betonun Yangın Dayanımı ve
  • Yeniden Kullanılabilirliği”, Gazi Üniversitesi
  • Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara, 02-14, 1989
  • Bazant, Z.P., Kaplan, M.F., “Concrete At High
  • Temperatures” Material Properties and
  • Mathematical Models, Longman Group,
  • England, (ISBN 0-582-08624-4), 1996
  • X. Fu, D.D.L. Chung, “Reversible Decrease Of
  • The Flexural Dynamic Modulus Of Cement
  • Pastes Up On Heating”, Cement and Concrete.
  • (6) 839– 844, 1997
  • Malhotra, H.L. “The Effect Of Temperature On
  • Compressive Strength Of Concrete”, Magazine
  • of Concrete, 875–894. 1956
  • Koury, G.A., Sarshar, R., Sullivan, P.J.E.,
  • Grainger, B.N., “Factors Affecting The
  • Compressive Strength Of Unsealed Cement
  • Paste And Concrete At Elevated
  • Temperatures Up To 600”, Wiss. Z. Hochsch.
  • Archit. Bauwes. Weimar, B 36 (1– 2) 89–92,
  • -
  • Rostasy, F.S. Ehm, C., Hinrishsmeyer K.,
  • “Structural Alterations İn Concrete Due To
  • Thermal And Mechanical Stresses”, J.C. Maso
  • (Ed.), Pore Structure and Materials
  • Properties, vol. 1, Chapman & Hall, London-
  • New York, 92– 99, 1987
  • Bazant, Z. P. Review Of Literature On High
  • Temperature Behavior Of Concrete, Pp. 71-142
  • Of The Report. Evaluation Of The Structural
  • İntegrity Of LMFBR Equipment Cell Liners -
  • Results Of Preliminary Investigations By W. J.
  • Mcaffee, W. K. Sartory, Z. P. Bazant And P. A.
  • Stancampiano. Tennessee, Oak Ridge National
  • Laboratory, (Contract W-7405 Eng 26), January
  • Report ORNL-TM-514S. (Available
  • From National Technical Information Service,
  • Springfield, Va.)
  • Becker, J. M. And Bresler, B. Reinforced
  • Concrete Frames In Fire Environments.
  • Proceedings Of The American Society Of Civil
  • Engineers. Vol. 103, No. STL Pp. 211-224,
  • January 1977.
  • Dougill, J. W. Conditions For Instability In
  • Restrained Concrete Panels Exposed To Fire.
  • Magazine Of Concrete Research. Vol. 24. Pp.
  • -148, 1972.
  • Hundt, J. Zur Warme- Und Feuchtigkeitsleitung
  • In Beton. (Heat And Moisture Conduction In
  • Concrete.) Berlin, Wilhelm Ernst Und Sohn,
  • Deutscher Ausschuss Fur Stahlbeton. Heft
  • Pp. 21-41.
  • Mcdonald, J. E. Moisture Migration In Concrete.
  • Vicksburg, Miss., U.S. Army Engineers
  • Waterways Experimental Station, Concrete
  • Laboratory, Technical Report C-75-1. Pp. 36 +
  • Tables + Plates, May 1975.
  • Neville, A. M. Properties Of Concretes. New
  • York, John Wiley And Sons, A Halsted Press
  • Book, 1973.
  • England, G. L. And Ross, A. D. Shrinkage,
  • Moisture, And Pore Pressures In Heated
  • Concrete. Concrete For Nuclear Reactors.
  • Detroit, American Concrete Institute, Special
  • Publication SP-34. Vol. II. Pp. 883-907, 1972.
  • Fischer, R. Ober Das Verhalten Von
  • Zementmortel Und Beton Bei Hoheren
  • Temperaturen. (On The Behaviour Of Cement
  • Mortar And Concrete At High Temperatures.)
  • Berlin, Wilhelm Ernst Und Sohn, 1970.
  • Deutscher Ausschuss Filr Stahlbeton. Pp. 61-
  • , 216.
  • Harmathy, T. Z. Thermal Properties Of Concrete
  • At Elevated Temperatures. ASTM Journal Of
  • Materials. Vol. 5, No. 1. March 1970. Pp. 47-74.
  • Reprint: Ottawa, National Research Council Of
  • Canada, DBR Paper No. 426, 1970.
  • Harmathy, T. Z. And Allen, L. W. Thermal
  • Properties Of Selected Masonry Unit Concretes.
  • Journal Of The American Concrete Institute.
  • Proceedings Vol. 70, No. 2. Pp. 132-144,
  • February 1973.
  • Zdenek P. Bazant Pore Pressure In Heated
  • Concrete Walls: Theoretical Prediction
  • Magazine Of Concrete Research : Vol. 31, No.
  • , June 1977
  • Koury, G.A., Grainger, V.N., Sullivan, P.J.E.,
  • “Transient Thermal Strain Of Concrete:
  • Literature Review, Conditions Within Specimen
  • And Behaviour Of Individuals Constituents”,
  • Magazine Of Concrete Resource, 37 (132)
  • – 143. 1985
  • Consolazio, G.R., Mcvay, M.C., Rish, J.W.,
  • “Measurement And Prediction Of Pore Pressures
  • In Saturated Cement Mortar Subject To Radiant
  • Heating”, ACI Materials, J. 95 (5) 525–536
  • -
  • Rostasy, F.S., Weis, R., Wiedemann, G.,
  • “Changes Of Pore Structure Of Cement Mortars
  • Due To Temperature”, Cement Of Concrete
  • Resource, 157– 164, 1980
  • Piasta, J., “Heat Transformations Of Cement
  • Phases And The Microstructure Of Cement
  • Paste”, Materials Of Construction, 17 (102)
  • – 420 1984
  • Alonso, C., Andrade, C., Menéndez, E.,
  • “Evolucio´N Microestructural De Hormigones
  • De Altas Y Ultra Altas Resistencias A Elevadas
  • Temperatures”, Hormigo¯N Y Acero, 221–222
  • – 105, 2001
  • Heikal, M., “Effect Of Temperature On The
  • Physico–Mechanical And Mineralogical
  • Properties Of Homra Pozzolanic Cement Pastes”,
  • Cement Of Concrete. Resource, 30 1835–1839,
  • -
  • Handoo, S.K., Agarwal, S., Agarwal, S.K.,
  • “Physicochemical, Mineralogical And
  • Morphological Characteristics Of Concrete
  • Exposed To Elevated Temperatures”, Cement Of
  • Concrete. Resource, 32 1009–1018, 2002
  • Yüzer N., Aköz F., Öztürk L., D., “Yangına
  • Maruz Yapılarda Betonun Basınç Dayanım-Renk Değişimi İlişkisi”, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi
  • Dergisi, 4, 2001
  • Castellote, M., Alonso, C., Andrade, C., Turrillas,
  • X., Campo. J., “Composition And
  • Microstructural Changes Of Cement Pastes Upon
  • Heating, As Studied By Neutron Diffraction”,
  • Pergamon, 1633-1644. 2004
  • P. Pipilikaki, M. Beazi-Katsioti “The Assessment
  • Of Porosity And Pore Size Distribution Of
  • Limestone Portland Cement Pastes”
  • Construction And Building Materials 23;1966–
  • , 2009
  • Sarshar, R., Khoury, G.A., “Material And
  • Environmental Factors Influencing The
  • Compressive Strength Of Unsealed Cement Paste
  • And Concrete At High Temperatures”, Magazine
  • Of Concrete Resource. 45 (162) 51–61, 1993
  • TS EN 197-1, “Çimento: Bölüm-1 Genel
  • Çimentolar- Bileşim Özellikler Ve Genel
  • Kurallari”, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü,
  • Ankara, 2002.
  • TS EN 196-1, “Çimento Deney Metotları-Bölüm
  • : Dayanım Tayini”, Türk Standartları
  • Enstitüsü, Ankara 5-10. 2002
  • TS EN 196-3, “Çimento Deney Metotları-Bölüm
  • : Priz Süresi Ve Genleşme Tayini”, Türk
  • Standartları Enstitüsü, Ankara, 2002.
  • TS EN 196-6, “Çimento Deney Metotları-Bölüm 6
  • :İncelik Tayini”, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü,
  • Ankara, 2002.
  • ASTM C188 - 95 “Standard Test Method For
  • Density Of Hydraulic Cement”, ASTM
  • International, 2003
  • ASTM C1437 - 07 “Standard Test Method For
  • Flow Of Hydraulic Cement Mortar” ASTM
  • International,
  • British Standards Institution, BS EN 13501-1,
  • “Fire Classification Of Construction Products
  • And Building Elements. Classification Using
  • Data From Reaction To Fire Tests”. London:
  • BSI. 2007.
  • International Standard, ISO 834., “Fire Resistance
  • Test Elements Of Building ISO Standard 1975.
  • ASTM D 4404 “Standard Test Method For
  • Determination Of Pore Volume And Pore
  • Volume Distribution Of Soil And Rock By
  • Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry”, ASTM
  • International, Aug 31 1984.
  • Hewlett C.P., “Lea’s Chemistry of Cemets and
  • Concrete”, Fourth edition, Elsevier Book, 95-
  • , 2007
Toplam 183 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Gökhan Durmuş Bu kişi benim

Metin Arslan Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 19 Şubat 2013
Gönderilme Tarihi 19 Şubat 2013
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2010 Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Durmuş, G., & Arslan, M. (2013). YÜKSEK SICAKLIK UYGULANAN ÇİMENTO HARÇLARININ FARKLI SOĞUTMA KOŞULLARINDAKİ BAZI FİZİKSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 25(3).
AMA Durmuş G, Arslan M. YÜKSEK SICAKLIK UYGULANAN ÇİMENTO HARÇLARININ FARKLI SOĞUTMA KOŞULLARINDAKİ BAZI FİZİKSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ. GUMMFD. Mart 2013;25(3).
Chicago Durmuş, Gökhan, ve Metin Arslan. “YÜKSEK SICAKLIK UYGULANAN ÇİMENTO HARÇLARININ FARKLI SOĞUTMA KOŞULLARINDAKİ BAZI FİZİKSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 25, sy. 3 (Mart 2013).
EndNote Durmuş G, Arslan M (01 Mart 2013) YÜKSEK SICAKLIK UYGULANAN ÇİMENTO HARÇLARININ FARKLI SOĞUTMA KOŞULLARINDAKİ BAZI FİZİKSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 25 3
IEEE G. Durmuş ve M. Arslan, “YÜKSEK SICAKLIK UYGULANAN ÇİMENTO HARÇLARININ FARKLI SOĞUTMA KOŞULLARINDAKİ BAZI FİZİKSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ”, GUMMFD, c. 25, sy. 3, 2013.
ISNAD Durmuş, Gökhan - Arslan, Metin. “YÜKSEK SICAKLIK UYGULANAN ÇİMENTO HARÇLARININ FARKLI SOĞUTMA KOŞULLARINDAKİ BAZI FİZİKSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 25/3 (Mart 2013).
JAMA Durmuş G, Arslan M. YÜKSEK SICAKLIK UYGULANAN ÇİMENTO HARÇLARININ FARKLI SOĞUTMA KOŞULLARINDAKİ BAZI FİZİKSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ. GUMMFD. 2013;25.
MLA Durmuş, Gökhan ve Metin Arslan. “YÜKSEK SICAKLIK UYGULANAN ÇİMENTO HARÇLARININ FARKLI SOĞUTMA KOŞULLARINDAKİ BAZI FİZİKSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 25, sy. 3, 2013.
Vancouver Durmuş G, Arslan M. YÜKSEK SICAKLIK UYGULANAN ÇİMENTO HARÇLARININ FARKLI SOĞUTMA KOŞULLARINDAKİ BAZI FİZİKSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ. GUMMFD. 2013;25(3).